Medications used in the treatment of hypercalciuria include the following: Diuretics - Thiazides, indapamide, and amiloride Orthophosphates - Neutral phosphate Bisphosphonates - Alendronate Calcium-binding agents - Sodium cellulose phosphate; rarely used
What drugs are used to treat hypercalciuria?
Metolazone is a thiazide diuretic drug that is useful in the treatment of idiopathic hypercalciuria. Mannitol, amiloride, and furosemide are not used to treat idiopathic hypercalciuria.
How is idiopathic hypercalciuria treated in patients on indapamide?
Twenty-six patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria (urine calcium level greater than 300 mg/24 h [7.5 mmol/d]) were treated with indapamide (a nonthiazide diuretic), 2.5 mg/d for 3 consecutive months. A mean decrease in urine calcium levels of 52% was noted (p less than 0.05).
What is the pathophysiology of idiopathic hypercalciuria?
Idiopathic hypercalciuria is a metabolic abnormality with various causes and developmental pathways. The systematic review describes specific mutations associated with idiopathic hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis.
What is the definition of hypercalciuria?
The definition of hypercalciuria can be a bit confusing. Traditionally, it has been defined as daily urinary calcium excretion of greater than 275 mg in men and greater than 250 mg in women.
Which drug is used in treatment of hypercalciuria?
Medications used in the treatment of hypercalciuria include the following: Diuretics - Thiazides, indapamide, and amiloride. Orthophosphates - Neutral phosphate. Bisphosphonates - Alendronate.
How is idiopathic hypercalciuria treated?
Proper treatment requires a high calcium intake, a low sodium intake, moderation of very high protein intakes, avoidance of refined sugar loads, and – not rarely – use of diuretic drugs which can lower urine calcium losses, prevent stones, and protect bones.
What is idiopathic hypercalciuria?
Idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) is the commonest metabolic abnormality in patients with calcium kidney stones. It is characterized by normocalcemia, absence of diseases that cause increased urine calcium, and calcium excretion that is above 250 mg/day in women and 300 mg/day in men.
Which drug causes hypercalciuria?
Loop diuretics, such as bumetanide and furosemide, inhibit both sodium and calcium resorption in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. In addition to exerting a diuretic effect, this mechanism of action produces a hypercalciuric state.
How is idiopathic hypercalciuria diagnosed?
Hypercalciuria is determined on 24-hour urine collection test, and is often associated with a calcium/creatinine ratio greater than 0.20 mg/mg. Kidney stones may be revealed by ultrasound and high resolution CT imaging of the urinary tract.
Is calcitonin a hormone?
Calcitonin is a 32 amino acid hormone secreted by the C-cells of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin has been preserved during the transition from ocean-based life to land dwellers and is phylogenetically older than parathyroid hormone.
How common is idiopathic hypercalciuria?
Idiopathic hypercalciuria has been noted in 10% to 19% of otherwise healthy men with low bone mass, in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis,10–12 and in up to 40% of postmenopausal women with osteoporotic fractures and no history of kidney stones.
How is high calcium in urine treated?
Treatment of hypercalcemia depends on what is causing the disorder and how severe it is. Often the doctor may tell you calcium levels can be lowered if you: Drink more water. Switch to a non-thiazide diuretic or blood pressure medicine.
How do you reduce calcium in urine?
To lower the calcium level in your urine, your healthcare provider might suggest that you eat more vegetables and fruits and less animal products, like red meat and eggs. If you're an older adult, your provider may recommend that you add more potassium and reduce the amount of salty foods in your diet.
How do thiazides treat hypercalciuria?
Thiazides work by increasing calcium reabsorption at the level of the distal renal tubule and, thus, lowering urinary calcium.
What drugs decrease calcium?
Bisphosphonates. Intravenous osteoporosis drugs, which can quickly lower calcium levels, are often used to treat hypercalcemia due to cancer.
What does potassium citrate treat?
Potassium citrate is used to treat a kidney stone condition called renal tubular acidosis. It is also used to prevent kidney stones that may occur with gout. Potassium citrate is a urinary alkalinizer. It works by making the urine more alkaline (less acid).
Drugs used to treat Hypercalcemia
The following list of medications are in some way related to, or used in the treatment of this condition.
Further information
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.