Nursing Interventions Nursing interventions appropriate for a patient with DHF include: Blood pressure monitoring. Measure blood pressure as indicated. Monitoring pain.
Full Answer
What are the treatment options for viral hemorrhagic fever?
Supportive care is the mainstay of treatment. While no specific treatment exists for most viral hemorrhagic fevers, the antiviral drug ribavirin (Rebetol, Virazole) might shorten the course of some infections and prevent complications in some people. Other medications are being developed. Supportive care is essential.
What is hemorrhagic fever?
This illness is characterized by fever and, in the most severe cases, shock and hemorrhage (1). Although a number of other febrile viral infections may produce hemorrhage, only the agents of Lassa, Marburg, Ebola, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fevers are known to have caused significant outbreaks of disease with person-to-person transmission.
What tests are used to diagnose viral hemorrhagic fever?
Laboratory tests, usually using a sample of your blood, are needed to confirm a diagnosis. Because viral hemorrhagic fevers are particularly virulent and contagious, these tests are usually performed in specially designated laboratories using strict precautions.
What are the nursing interventions appropriate for patients with DHF?
Nursing interventions appropriate for a patient with DHF include: Blood pressure monitoring. Monitoring pain. Vascular access. Medication regimen. Fluid replacement. Managing nose bleeds. Trendelenburg position.
What is the best treatment for hemorrhagic fever?
Medications. While no specific treatment exists for most viral hemorrhagic fevers, the antiviral drug ribavirin (Rebetol, Virazole) might shorten the course of some infections and prevent complications in some people.
Which is an independent nursing intervention for a patient with dengue hemorrhagic fever?
Nursing interventions appropriate for a patient with DHF include: Blood pressure monitoring. Measure blood pressure as indicated. Monitoring pain.
What should the nurse do if the patient has a fever?
Administer the prescribed antibiotic and anti-pyretic medications. Use the antibiotic to treat bacterial infection, which is the underlying cause of the patient's hyperthermia. Use the fever-reducing medication to stimulate the hypothalamus and normalize the body temperature. Offer a tepid sponge bath.
How do you treat dengue hemorrhagic fever?
Treatment for Dengue Fever There is no specific medicine to treat dengue infection. If you think you may have dengue fever, you should use pain relievers with acetaminophen and avoid medicines with aspirin, which could worsen bleeding. You should also rest, drink plenty of fluids, and see your doctor.
Which of the following is the most important treatment of patients with dengue H fever?
To manage pain and fever, patients should be given acetaminophen. Aspirin and nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory medications may aggravate the bleeding tendency associated with some dengue infections and, in children, can be associated with the development of Reyes syndrome.
What is Nanda approved nursing diagnosis?
In 1990 during the 9th conference of NANDA, the group approved an official definition of nursing diagnosis: “Nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems/life processes.
What is nursing management of a patient?
Nursing management is a branch of the nursing field which focuses on managing nurses and patient care standards. An effective nursing management program is critical for most facilities which use nurses, such as hospitals, clinics, and residential care facilities.
What is nursing diagnosis for fever?
Fever Nursing Care Plan 1 Nursing Diagnosis: Hyperthermia related to upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) as evidenced by temperature of 38.5 degrees Celsius, rapid and shallow breathing, flushed skin, profuse sweating, and weak pulse.
How dengue is treated in hospital?
Dengue Treatment Blood pressure monitoring. Supportive care in a hospital. IV fluid and electrolyte replacement. Transfusion to replace blood loss.
What is hemorrhagic fever in dengue?
Mild dengue fever causes a high fever and flu-like symptoms. The severe form of dengue fever, also called dengue hemorrhagic fever, can cause serious bleeding, a sudden drop in blood pressure (shock) and death.
How is dengue hemorrhagic fever diagnosed?
If an infection is suspected, you will get a blood test to check for the dengue virus. During a blood test, a health care professional will take a blood sample from a vein in your arm, using a small needle. After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood will be collected into a test tube or vial.
What is a viral hemorrhagic fever?
The term viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) refers to the illness associated with a number of geographically restricted viruses. This illness is characterized by fever and, in the most severe cases, shock and hemorrhage (1). Although a number of other febrile viral infections may produce hemorrhage, only the agents of Lassa, Marburg, Ebola, ...
Which virus causes hemorrhage?
Although a number of other febrile viral infections may produce hemorrhage, only the agents of Lassa, Marburg, Ebola, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fevers are known to have caused significant outbreaks of disease with person-to-person transmission.
How to diagnose Lassa fever?
Specific diagnosis of Lassa fever can be made in three ways: by isolating the virus from blood, urine, or throat washings; by demonstrating the presence of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody to Lassa virus; or by showing a fourfold rise in titer of IgG antibody between acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens.
What are the symptoms of Lassa fever?
After an incubation period of 1-3 weeks, illness begins insidiously, with early symptoms of fever, sore throat, weakness, and malaise (21). Pains in the joints and lower back, headache, and nonproductive cough commonly follow. Retrosternal or epigastric pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort are also common. Frequent physical signs include fever, exudative pharyngitis, and conjunctival injection. Jaundice and skin rash are rare. Diffuse rales may be heard by auscultating the chest, and pleural and pericardial friction rubs may sometimes be detected. Edema of the face and neck, conjunctival hemorrhages, mucosal bleeding, central cyanosis, encephalopathy, and shock characterize the most severe cases. Some patients experience adult respiratory distress syndrome.
What are the symptoms of a syringe?
Pains in the joints and lower back, headache, and nonproductive cough commonly follow. Retrosternal or epigastric pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort are also common . Frequent physical signs include fever, exudative pharyngitis, and conjunctival injection. Jaundice and skin rash are rare.
Is Lassa fever convalescent plasma good for you?
Lassa fever convalescent plasma has not been shown to be beneficial (22) and currently cannot be recommended, particularly when the potential for transmitting other viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and the agent (s) of non-A, non-B hepatitis is considered.
Does Lassa fever occur in the dry season?
In areas where it is endemic, Lassa fever occurs more frequently in the dry than in the rainy season.
Why do we need lab tests for viral hemorrhagic fever?
Lab tests, usually using a blood sample, are needed to confirm a diagnosis. Because viral hemorrhagic fevers are particularly infectious and contagious , these tests are usually performed in specially designated labs using strict precautions.
Does Rebetol help with viral fever?
While no specific treatment exists for most viral hemorrhagic fevers, the antiviral drug ribavirin (Rebetol, Virazole) might shorten the course of some infections and prevent complications in some people. Other medications are being developed.
Can you diagnose viral hemorrhagic fever?
Diagnosing specific viral hemorrhagic fevers in the first few days of illness can be difficult because the early signs and symptoms — high fever, muscle aches, headaches and extreme fatigue — are common to many other diseases.
What should be included in a nursing assessment of a patient with DHF?
Nursing Assessment. Assessment of a patient with DHF should include: Evaluation of the patient’s heart rate, temperature, and blood pressure. Evaluation of capillary refill, skin color and pulse pressure. Assessment of evidence of bleeding in the skin and other sites.
What is the best treatment for DHF?
The management of DHF is actually simple as long as it is detected early. Oral rehydration therapy. Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. IV fluids. IVF administration is indicated for patients with dehydration.
What is the disease that causes a fever and a diathesis?
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a fatal manifestation of the dengue virus that manifests with bleeding diathesis and hypovolemic shock. These viruses are related to the viruses that cause the West Nile infection and yellow fever.
How long does DHF last?
The virus is deposited in the skin by the vector, within few days viremia occurs, lasting until the 5th day for the symptoms to show. Hemorrhagic symptoms. Shortly after the fever breaks or sometimes within 24 hours before, ...
What happens if you leave DHF untreated?
Progression. If left untreated, DHF most likely progresses to dengue shock syndrome.
How long does it take for a dengue fever to show?
Clinical Manifestations. Symptoms, which usually begin 4 to 6 days after infection and may last to up to 10 days , include: Symptoms of Dengue. High fever. Sudden high fever occurs as a result of the infection. Severe headaches. Severe headaches also torment the patient. Damage to lymph and blood vessels.
How to reduce diuresis?
Avoid diuretics. Avoid caffeine and alcohol as indicated to reduce effects of diuresis.
What is a medical protocol?
A medical protocol was developed to describe the standard diagnostic procedures and medical treatment according to the available guidelines. The protocol included preemptive treatment for malaria and administration of antimicrobial drugs for possible bacterial sepsis.
What equipment is used in a patient's room?
In the patient’s room, disposable equipment would be used, such as cardboard pots with fluid-absorption granules for urine and feces, eating utensils, and other accessories. Exceptions would only be possible for items that could withstand final disinfection procedures after discharge.
What is PPE in surgery?
The selection of personal protective equipment (PPE) was based on national and international guidelines and tested for workability and comfort ( 3, 4 ). A protective overall with a fluid-protected surgical gown combined with an FFP2 respirator (which filters >94% of airborne particles), a face shield, double-layer gloves, and double-layer foot protection would be worn over the standard surgery scrubs and clogs. Full-face masks conferring FFP3-level protection (i.e., filtering >99% of airborne particles) would be available for those performing high-risk procedures. PPE would be stocked to the extent that 1 patient could be treated for up to 14 days, and a list for backup suppliers and materials would be set up.
What is the cause of dengue hemorrhagic fever?
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by a bite of a vector mosquito called, Aedes Aegypti. This mosquito is considered to be a day- biting and low flying mosquito and commonly be found inside the household.
When is a fever sporadic?
It is sporadic throughout the year according to statistics and becomes epidemic during the months of June to November. Mild – Client may manifest fever, with or without petechial hemorrhage. Moderate – Client may experience high fever, but with less hemorrhage and no progression to shock.
What is DHF grade 1?
DHF Grade I: Fever accompanied by non- specific symptoms like anorexia, vomiting, and abdominal pain; the only hemorrhagic manifestation is (+) tourniquet test and/ or easy bruising
What is blood product administration?
Administration of blood products and monitoring clients for signs of adverse reactions.
Can a client have a high fever?
Moderate – Client may experience high fever, but with less hemorrhage and no progression to shock.
What is an emergency hospital admission?
An emergency hospital admission is defined as one that is not planned and which results from trauma (injury) or acute illness which cannot be treated on an outpatient basis. In order to manage the balance between elective and emergency admissions, the factors below have been identified as effective in improving the management of admissions and general patient flow in the Emergency Department
What is admission in nursing?
Admission to the nursing unit prepares the patient for his stay in the health care facility. Whether the admission is scheduled or follows emergency treatment.
How to prepare for a hospital admission?
Preparation of Equipment. Obtain a gown and an admission pack. Position the bed as the patient’s condition requires. If the patient is ambulatory, place the bed in the low position; if he is arriving on a stretcher, place the bed in the high position. Fold down the top linens.
What is the nursing process for hospital stays?
Patient admission, hospital stays and discharges follow an established procedure, i.e. planned nursing activities. For patients requiring long-term care and repeated hospitalization, the activities must be coordinated so that the nursing care is continuous. The specific medical treatment prescribed by the doctor, and the nursing regime followed by the nurse, are administered by the nurse in order to meet patient needs. The nurse monitors patient responses throughout the stay.
What is the procedure concerning patient admission and detention by a healthcare facility?
In the case of acutely ill patients who cannot express consent with hospitalization (e.g. unconscious, following strokes, etc) a detention procedure or the “procedure concerning patient admission and detention by a healthcare facility” is put into place.
How should a hospital bed manager work?
Bed management should be overseen by a Hospital Bed Manager who has the authority to implement the bed management policy and to coordinate the bed management team. The bed management service should operate on a permanent basis, i.e. for 24 hours on everyday of the year. The bed manager reports to a senior member of management. Part of their role would include continuous analysis and the provision of reports and forecasts. The function of allocating beds to patients should be centralized and the Hospital Bed Manager should have authority over the access to all hospital beds. There should be an awareness of the bed designation ratio as set out by the Department of Health and Children. The Hospital Bed Manager should work within the notional allocation of beds to each specialty to ensure that patients are accommodated in the most appropriate bed available at the time of their admission, and to ensure that patients are cared for by staff with the appropriate expertise
How to manage an emergency admission?
Managing emergency admissions: for the patient admitted through the emergency department (ED), immediate treatment take priority over routine admission procedures. After ED treatment, the patient arrives on the nursing unit with a temporary identification bracelet, a physician’s order sheet, and a record of treatment. Read this record and talk to the nurse who cared for the patient in the ED to ensure continuity of care and to gain insight into the patient’s condition and behavior. Next, record any ongoing treatment, such as an IV infusion, in your notes. Take and record the patient’s vital signs, and follow the physician’s orders for treatment. if family members accompany the patient, ask them to wait in the lounge while you assess the patient and begin treatment. Permit them to visit the patient after he’s settled in his room . When the patient’s conditions allows, precede with routine admission procedures.
What Is Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever?
Pathophysiology
Statistics and Incidences
Causes
Clinical Manifestations
Prevention
Complications
Assessment and Diagnostic Findings
Medical Management
- The management of DHF is actually simple as long as it is detected early. 1. Oral rehydration therapy. Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydrationcaused by high fever and vomiting. 2. IV fluids. IVF administration is indicated for patients with dehydration. 3. Blood transfusion and blood products.Patients with int...
Practice Quiz: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever