Can school-based Universal interventions reduce stress-related symptomatology in Sri Lankan children exposed to tsunami?
Oct 04, 2013 · The 2004 tsunami that swept through Sri Lanka, destroying everything in its path and killing over 200,000 people, took its place as one of …
How common is PTSD in children affected by tsunamis?
the combat trauma in Sri Lanka, a significant number of combatants of the Sri Lanka Army were diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The Sri Lankan Armed Conflict Sri Lanka’s armed conflict was unique and it had its own specifications. It was a conflict
Do trauma reactions vary across cultures?
Apr 18, 2010 · ƒÆ’-¡ƒ”š‚ There are no empirical data that directly address the prevalence of PTSD among the Sri Lankan combatants. But the 3 year study (2002-2005) done by the author with the Consultant Psychiatrist of the Sri Lanka Army Dr. Neil Fernando reveals that combat related PTSD is emerging inƒÆ’-¡ƒ”š‚ Sri Lanka.
How did they treat PTSD in the past?
By the late 1800s and early 1900s, the “talking cure,” as popularized by Sigmund Freud, began as a method to treat symptoms that may have been caused by PTSD. These early therapeutic interventions were the first step toward helping people who had survived traumatic events.
What is the cause of conflict in Sri Lanka?
Origin and evolution. The origins of the Sri Lankan Civil War lie in the continuous political rancor between the majority Sinhalese and the minority Tamils. The roots of the modern conflict extend back to the colonial era when the country was known as Ceylon.
What was the reason of civil war in Sri Lanka What was its impact on the country?
The civil war initiated by Vellupillai Prabhakaran led the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. The fact that caused civil war was the discrimination against the Sri Lankan Tamils by the Sinhalese dominated Sri Lankan Government. The civil war continued for 26 long years.Jan 17, 2021
What were the effects of the civil war in Sri Lanka?
However, in 1983, ethnic conflicts between Sri Lanka's Sinhalese majority and the Tamil minority erupted into a vio- lent and costly civil war, disrupting the economy and dimming future growth prospects. Sri Lanka's Ethnic Conflict Sri Lanka is a multi-ethnic nation, but it is dominated by two main ethnic groups.
Is there still conflict in Sri Lanka?
Although the Civil War ended in 2009, the current situation in Sri Lanka has only partially improved. A large portion of the Tamil population remains displaced. While there are fewer political and civil rights issues, instances of torture and enforced disappearances persist even in recent years.Aug 31, 2020
How did Sri Lanka respond its ethnic problem?
In 1956, an act was passed to recognizer sinhala as the only official language thus disregarding tamil. All the govt measures of preferential policies that favoured sinhala applicants for university positions and government jobs, gradually increased the feeling of alienation among Sri Lankan tamils.Apr 23, 2020
What was the major reason for the violence in Sri Lanka Class 10?
The major reason for the violence in Sri Lanka was the majoritarianism. Sri Lanka is a small island country situated at the southern coast of Tamil Nadu. The Sinhalas used to impose their will on he entire country ignoring the Tamils, Muslims and Christians.Oct 20, 2019
How was LTTE wiped out?
On 25 January 2009, SLA troops "completely captured" Mullaitivu town, the last major LTTE stronghold. President Mahinda Rajapaksa declared military victory over the Tamil Tigers on 16 May 2009, after 26 years of conflict.
What were the symptoms of the tsunami in Sri Lanka?
Immediately following the tsunami, Sri Lankan peoples’ top priority seemed to be aiding those around them, rather than seeking treatment themselves, behaviours that were viewed by many of the therapists as signs of “denial” and “shock,” and considered to be warning signs of PTSD.
How many children have PTSD after the tsunami?
Using a North American designed and tested PTSD checklist of symptoms, the volunteer trauma counselors diagnosed 14% to 39% of children with PTSD within 3 to 4 weeks of the tsunami.
How many people died in the 2004 tsunami?
The 2004 tsunami that swept through Sri Lanka, destroying everything in its path and killing over 200,000 people, took its place as one of the most devastating natural disasters in human history. Its cause, an undersea earthquake with magnitude over 9.0, was the third largest in recorded history.
Why would Sri Lanka need psychological intervention?
Given the level of devastation there was no question that, in addition to requiring medical attention, the people of Sri Lanka would also require psychological intervention to help them cope with the trauma.
Who is Allan Young?
Allan Young, a medical anthropologist at McGill University in Montreal, states that while reactions to trauma vary across cultures, they also vary across time, using the example that soldiers who fought in wars in different decades experienced different outward symptoms as a function of the societal views of their time.
How does war trauma affect mental health?
Combatants with war trauma experience problems in their living, working, learning, and social environments. Combat trauma has created potent barriers that obstruct recovery and personal growth. Post war researches of the Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan wars have shown that the combat exposure could negatively affect the mental health of the combatants. Hoge et al.(2004) indicate that exposure to combat results in considerable risk of mental health problems, including PTSD, major depression, substance abuse, impairment in social functioning, an inability to work, and the increased use of health care services. These psychosocial problems have domino effects that can last for many years. The Sri Lankan Army Servicemen diagnosed with PTSD need effective psychosocial rehabilitation to acquire functionality, recovery and reintegration.
What is psychosocial rehabilitation?
The WHO defined psychosocial rehabilitation as a process that facilitates for individuals who are impaired, disabled or handicapped by a mental disorder to reach an optimal level of independent functioning in the community (WHO, 1996).
What is body count?
Body counts are just a fraction of the sum total costs of war. Andrea Plate, Asia Media International’s senior editor for writing and editing, holds degrees in English Literature (UC Berkeley), Communications-Journalism (USC) and Social Welfare/Public Policy (UCLA).
What is the central tenet of A Passage North?
This is the central tenet of A Passage North, a beautifully written, profoundly deep and at times mournful meditation on the twenty-six-year civil war that ravaged Sri Lanka.
What is the book A Passage North about?
In his recently published novel A Passage North (Hogarth/Random House), about the decades-long civil war in his native Sri Lanka (1983-2009), author Anuk Arudpragasam ventures further: On the battlefield of the human psyche and heart, he says, wars never end.
Is the book The Wounds of War a travelogue?
It is at once a heartfelt treatise on the wounds of war, a moving rumination on the human condition and a picturesque literary travelogue. Anyone who has loved, lost or grieved will relate to Arudpragasam’s four fictional survivors of war.
Is A Passage North a poem or a novel?
Yet she suffers as much, if not more, than the men and women who wielded weapons of war. Stylistically, A Passage North is more prose poem than novel. It is short on plot (boy gets word of elderly caretaker’s death; boy journeys to funeral; boy attends funeral and meditates on the meaning of life and death=end of story).
Who is Robert McDonald?
ANDREA PLATE WRITES — Robert McDonald, US Secretary of Veterans Affairs under President Obama, struck deep into the hearts of mental healthcare workers at the West Los Angeles Department of Veterans Affairs, albeit unintentionally, when he told them this: The effects of any war can be felt forty years after its conclusion.
What is the ancient ritual of Thovilaya?
The ancient ritual Thovilaya is a form of Psychodrama and it has been used to treat mentally and physical ill. It creates action methods, role training, spontaneous dramatization, and group dynamics to alleviate illnesses. For Thovilaya the entire village gets to gather and help. Hence, the community connections are strengthened and soothing atmosphere is created around the patient and his outer environment. The patents with Dissociate Disorders and various phobias were successfully treated in the old days using the ancient ritual Thovilaya.
How does culture affect trauma?
Culture influences what type of threat is perceived as traumatic and how we interpret the meaning of the traumatic event. Culture also influences how individuals and communities express traumatic reactions. While reactions to trauma seem to be common throughout all cultures and based in the physiology of human beings, manifestations of responses may differ significantly. Culture forms a context through which the traumatized individuals or communities view and judge their own response. . (Cultural Perspectives on Trauma and Critical Response – Kris Sieckert )
What is the Kohomba Kankariya?
Kohomba Kankariya is a very old healing ritual that dates back to 500 BC. The Kohomba Kankariya is performed to achieve freedom from ailments, restore the sense of community identity and to invoke blessings from the heavenly beings for prosperous and healthy life. The kankariya consists of more than thirty discrete acts and includes the building of the ritual hall and altars, offerings to the gods, solo and group dancing, drumming, chanting, comedy and dramas. (Kohomba Kankariya Ritual – Susan A. Reed) In Kohomba Kankariya dances, the most common instrument for the background music is called Geta Beraya (traditional drum) that evokes bilateral auditory stimulation.
What is Sri Lanka's cosmology?
The cosmology of traditional Sri Lankan beliefs is a complex mixture of native Vedic gods, spirits, and demons, overlaid with imported Hindu and Buddhist deities, beliefs, and practices. This pantheon is vast, filled with hierarchies and sub-hierarchies which the uninitiated finds nearly impossible to grasp. The synthesis is a spiritual landscape where Buddha reigns supreme, but where the day-to-day is fraught with danger from the yakku (devils) and other malignant forces (vas) which seem all too ready to afflict man with scourges of every description. In this word, life is a constant struggle against these forces.
What was the first system of medicine in Sri Lanka?
The earliest system of medicine that prevailed in Sri Lanka was Deshiya Chikitsa or Sinhala Vedakama, which was a truly indigenous system of medicine that was handed down from generation to generation (Uragoda ,1997). The ancient Sri Lankans treated body and the spirit including the living environment of the patient. They did not separate body and mind as two different entities. For the treatment of psychological ailments, medicine (extracted from plants) and rituals had been used.
What were the natural disasters in Sri Lanka?
According to the Mahavansa during the King Kelanitissa’s reign (around 190 B.C) a gigantic sea wave (Tsunami) destroyed hundreds coastal villages in the Western part of Sri Lanka. The sea flowed up to nearly 28 miles inside the Kingdom causing enormous devastation. The survivors became so desperate and feared. They urged the King to sacrifice his daughter the young princess Vihara Maha Devi to the sea God. The princess was placed inside a boat and set adrift on the sea. The boat reached the shore, at Kirinda in the southern part of Sri Lanka. The King Kavantissa the regional monarch rescued the princess and later married her.
How did the ancient Sri Lankans use the teachings of the Buddha to heal trauma?
The Sri Lankan history illustrates that after major battles that caused many lives the ancient Kings were able to restore peace and then built large religious monuments. After the Great Wijithapura Battle that occurred in 205 B.C.,the King Dutugamunu built