Full Answer
How should Platinol be administered?
Platinol (cisplatin for injection, USP) should be administered under the supervision of a qualified physician experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Appropriate management of therapy and complications is possible only when adequate diagnostic and treatment facilities are readily available.
Is Platinol safe to take with other medications?
Platinol can harm your kidneys. This effect is increased when you also use certain other medicines, including: antivirals, chemotherapy, injected antibiotics, medicine for bowel disorders, medicine to prevent organ transplant rejection, and some pain or arthritis medicines (including aspirin, Tylenol, Advil, and Aleve ).
How often do you take Platinol for ovarian cancer?
The usual PLATINOL dose for the treatment of metastatic ovarian tumors in combination with cyclophosphamide is 75 to 100 mg/m² IV per cycle once every 4 weeks (DAY 1). The dose of cyclophosphamide when used in combination with PLATINOL is 600 mg/m² IV once every 4 weeks (DAY 1).
What do you need to know about Platinol?
Platinol 1 DESCRIPTION. Platinol ® (cisplatin for injection, USP) is a white to light yellow lyophilized powder. ... 2 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY. ... 3 INDICATIONS AND USAGE. ... 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS. ... 5 WARNINGS. ... 6 PRECAUTIONS. ... 7 Adverse Reactions. ... 8 OTHER TOXICITIES. ... 9 OVERDOSAGE. ... 10 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION. ... More items...
What should you assess before giving cisplatin?
Cisplatin can affect how your kidneys work. You will have blood tests before and during treatment to check how well your kidneys are working. Before and after each treatment, your nurses will give you extra fluids through a drip.
Which drugs might be administered before chemotherapy as Premedications?
Premedication before chemotherapy for cancer often consists of drug regimens (usually 2 or more drugs, e.g. dexamethasone, diphenhydramine and omeprazole) given to a patient minutes to hours before the chemotherapy to avert side effects or hypersensitivity reactions (i.e. allergic reactions).
Why do you give metoclopramide before cisplatin?
Metoclopramide inhibits the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and enhances the cytotoxicity of epirubicin.
What is the indication for platinol?
PLATINOL is indicated as a single agent for patients with transitional cell bladder cancer which is no longer amenable to local treatments, such as surgery and/or radiotherapy. PLATINOL is contraindicated in patients with preexisting renal impairment.
Which medication should be given before administering paclitaxel?
Such premedication may consist of dexamethasone 20 mg PO administered approximately 12 and 6 hours before paclitaxel injection, diphenhydramine (or its equivalent) 50 mg IV 30 to 60 minutes prior to paclitaxel injection, and cimetidine (300 mg) or ranitidine (50 mg) IV 30 to 60 minutes before paclitaxel injection.
What drugs are given prior to surgery?
Common medications include propofol, fentanyl, midazolam, and the inhaled fluorinated ethers such as sevoflurane and desflurane. For this reason, caution should be used in telling patients to take all antihypertensive medications on the morning of surgery, as significant hypotension may result during anesthesia.
What is the best antiemetic?
A systematic review found that serotonin antagonists (ondansetron, granisetron and tropisetron), dexamethasone, droperidol and cyclizine were all more effective than placebo for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Depending on the clinical situation, certain antiemetics may need to be avoided.
What is treatment for nausea and vomiting?
Drink clear or ice-cold drinks. Eat light, bland foods (such as saltine crackers or plain bread). Avoid fried, greasy, or sweet foods. Eat slowly and eat smaller, more frequent meals.
Can I take domperidone and metoclopramide together?
CONCLUSION: Treatment with itopride, domperidone and metoclopramide in double combination achieves better efficacy in FD patients than treatment with these drugs alone. Combination therapy significantly improves dyspepsia and gastric motility in FD patients perhaps by altering the level of serum ghrelin.
How do you use Platinol?
This Platinol Oxidising Solution gives a deep black to pale grey finish, suitable for use with silver, copper, and silver plate. To use, pour a small amount into a plastic container, immerse your piece into the liquid or apply with a brush, leave for a few seconds, and then rinse in water.
Is Platinol a chemo drug?
In some cases, health care professionals may use the trade name Platinol® and Platinol®-AQ, or other names such as CDDP, when referring to the generic drug name cisplatin. Drug Type: Cisplatin is an anti-cancer ("antineoplastic" or "cytotoxic") chemotherapy drug.
What drugs interact with cisplatin?
Some products that may interact with this drug include: aminoglycoside antibiotics (such as gentamicin, neomycin), amphotericin B, anti-seizure medications (such as phenytoin), certain "water pills" (loop diuretics such as furosemide, bumetanide).
How long to hydrate before taking Platinol?
Pretreatment hydration with 1 to 2 liters of fluid infused for 8 to 12 hours prior to a Platinol dose is recommended. The drug is then diluted in 2 liters of 5% Dextrose in 1/2 or 1/3 normal saline containing 37.5 g of mannitol, and infused over a 6- to 8-hour period.
How long does it take for neuropathy to develop after Platinol?
Although symptoms and signs of Platinol neuropathy usually develop during treatment, symptoms of neuropathy may begin 3 to 8 weeks after the last dose of Platinol.
What is the highest concentration of platinum?
Following cisplatin doses of 20 to 120 mg/m 2, the concentrations of platinum are highest in liver, prostate, and kidney; somewhat lower in bladder, muscle, testicle, pancreas, and spleen; and lowest in bowel, adrenal, heart, lung, cerebrum, and cerebellum.
What proteins does platinum bound to?
However, the platinum from cisplatin, but not cisplatin itself, becomes bound to several plasma proteins, including albumin, transferrin, and gamma globulin. Three hours after a bolus injection and two hours after the end of a three-hour infusion, 90% of the plasma platinum is protein bound.
What is the active ingredient in PtCl 2?
The active ingredient, cisplatin, is a yellow to orange crystalline powder with the molecular formula PtCl 2 H 6 N 2, and a molecular weight of 300.1. Cisplatin is a heavy metal complex containing a central atom of platinum surrounded by two chloride atoms and two ammonia molecules in the cis position.
Can cisplatin cause ototoxicity?
Ototoxic effects may be related to the peak plasma concentration of cisplatin. Ototoxicity can occur during treatment or be delayed. Audiometric monitoring should be performed prior to initiation of therapy, prior to each subsequent dose, and for several years post therapy.
Can Platinol cause bronchoconstriction?
Anaphylactic-like reactions to Platinol have been reported. Facial edema, bronchoconstriction, tachycardia, and hypotension may occur within minutes of Platinol administration. Epinephrine, corticosteroids, and antihistamines have been effectively employed to alleviate symptoms (see WARNINGS and ADVERSE REACTIONS ).
How often should I take platinol?
PLATINOL should be administered as a single agent at a dose of 50 to 70 mg/m 2 IV per cycle once every 3 to 4 weeks depending on the extent of prior exposure to radiation therapy and/or prior chemotherapy. For heavily pretreated patients an initial dose of 50 mg/m 2 per cycle repeated every 4 weeks is recommended.
How often should I take platinol for ovarian cancer?
The usual PLATINOL dose for the treatment of metastatic ovarian tumors in combination with cyclophosphamide is 75 to 100 mg/m 2 IV per cycle once every 4 weeks (DAY 1).
How long to hydrate before mannitol?
Pretreatment hydration with 1 to 2 liters of fluid infused for 8 to 12 hours prior to a PLATINOL dose is recommended. The drug is then diluted in 2 liters of 5% Dextrose in 1/2 or 1/3 normal saline containing 37.5 g of mannitol, and infused over a 6- to 8-hour period. If diluted solution is not to be used within 6 hours, protect solution from light. Adequate hydration and urinary output must be maintained during the following 24 hours.
What This Drug Is Used For
Treatment of advanced bladder cancer, metastatic ovarian cancer, and metastatic testicular cancer. Testicular, ovarian, bladder, head and neck, esophageal, small and non-small cell lung, breast, cervical, stomach and prostate cancers.
How This Drug Is Given
Cisplatin is administered through a vein (intravenously or IV) as an infusion.
Precautions
Before starting cisplatin treatment, make sure you tell your doctor about any other medications you are taking (including prescription, over-the-counter, vitamins, herbal remedies, etc.). Do not take aspirin, products containing aspirin unless your doctor specifically permits this.
Self-Care Tips
To reduce nausea, take anti-nausea medications as prescribed by your doctor, eat small amounts of food frequently.
Monitoring and Testing
You will be checked regularly by your doctor while you are taking cisplatin, to monitor side effects and check your response to therapy.
How This Drug Works
Cancerous tumors are characterized by cell division, which is no longer controlled as it is in normal tissue. "Normal" cell stop dividing when they come into contact with like cells, a mechanism known as contact inhibition. Cancerous cells lose this ability.
How to help nausea and vomiting from oncology?
Talk to your oncology care team so they can prescribe medications to help you manage nausea and vomiting. In addition, dietary changes may help. Avoid things that may worsen the symptoms, such as heavy or greasy/fatty, spicy or acidic foods (lemons, tomatoes, oranges). Try saltines, or ginger ale to lessen symptoms.
What is the purpose of Cisplatin?
Cisplatin is a heavy metal compound that inhibits synthesis of RNA, DNA, and protein in cells. All of these compounds are vital for cells to divide and grow. By preventing them from dividing, the medication can stop the cancer from growing.
Can you stop a med infusion?
The infusion will be slowed or stopped if this occurs. Depending on the severity of your reaction, you may still be able to receive the medication with a pre-medication to prevent a reaction, or if the medication is given at a slower rate.
Can you take cisplatin with other drugs?
You will be given intravenous fluids prior to receiving cisplatin. It can be given alone or with other drugs. Even when carefully and correctly administered by trained personnel, this drug may cause a feeling of burning and pain.
Does Cisplatin cause hearing loss?
Hearing Problems. Cisplatin can cause hearing loss and ringing in the ears. Your hearing will be checked prior to you receiving cisplatin and as needed throughout treatment. Call your doctor or nurse if you have ringing in your ears or if you notice a decrease in your hearing.
How often should I take platinol?
PLATINOL should be administered as a single agent at a dose of 50 to 70 mg/m2 IV per cycle once every 3 to 4 weeks depending on the extent of prior exposure to radiation therapy and/or prior chemotherapy. For heavily pretreated patients an initial dose of 50 mg/m2 per cycle repeated every 4 weeks is recommended.
How long does it take for neuropathy to develop after taking platinol?
Although symptoms and signs of PLATINOL neuropathy usually develop during treatment, symptoms of neuropathy may begin 3 to 8 weeks after the last dose of PLATINOL. PLATINOL therapy should be discontinued when the symptoms are first observed. The neuropathy, however, may progress further even after stopping treatment. Preliminary evidence suggests peripheral neuropathy may be irreversible in some patients. Elderly patients may be more susceptible to peripheral neuropathy (see PRECAUTIONS: Geriatric Use).
How long to hydrate before mannitol?
The drug is then diluted in 2 liters of 5% Dextrose in 1/2 or 1/3 normal saline containing 37.5 g of mannitol, and infused over a 6 to 8-hour period. If diluted solution is not to be used within 6 hours, protect solution from light. Do not dilute PLATINOL-AQ in just 5% Dextrose Injection. Adequate hydration and urinary output must be maintained during the following 24 hours.
What is cisplatin infusion?
PLATINOL®-AQ (cisplatin injection) infusion concentrate is a clear, colorless, sterile aqueous solution available in amber vials. Each 50 mL or 100 mL amber vial of infusion concentrate contains: 1 mg/mL cisplatin, 9 mg/mL sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide to approximate pH of 4.0, and water for injection to a final volume of 50 mL or 100 mL, respectively.
How long does nausea last with platinol?
Nausea and vomiting may begin within 1 to 4 hours after treatment and last up to 24 hours. Various degrees of vomiting, nausea and/or anorexia may persist for up to 1 week after treatment.
Is platinol AQ ototoxic?
Ototoxicity has been observed in up to 31% of patients treated with a single dose of PLATINOL-AQ 50 mg/m2, and is manifested by tinnitus and/or hearing loss in the high frequency range (4000 to 8000 Hz). Decreased ability to hear normal conversational tones may occur. Deafness after the initial dose of PLATINOL-AQ has been reported. Ototoxic effects may be more severe in children receiving PLATINOL-AQ. Hearing loss can be unilateral or bilateral and tends to become more frequent and severe with repeated doses. Ototoxicity may be enhanced with prior or simultaneous cranial irradiation. It is unclear whether PLATINOL-AQ–induced ototoxicity is reversible. Ototoxic effects may be related to the peak plasma concentration of PLATINOL-AQ. Careful monitoring of audiometry should be performed prior to initiation of therapy and prior to subsequent doses of PLATINOL-AQ.
Can you have anaphylactic reactions with platinol?
Anaphylactic-like reactions have been reported in patients previously exposed to PLATINOL. The reactions consist of facial edema, wheezing, tachycardia, hypotension within a few minutes of drug administration. Reactions may be controlled by intravenous epinephrine with corticosteroids and/or antihistamines as indicated. Patients receiving PLATINOL should be observed carefully for possible anaphylactic-like reactions and supportive equipment and medication should be available to treat such a complication.
What should chemo orders reflect?
Chemotherapy orders should reflect the intended sequence of administration for agents in the prescribed regimen. If there is a question regarding sequencing for a regimen for treatment of a specific cancer, consult your pharmacist to clarify the appropriate order.
What is optimal sequencing of chemotherapy?
Optimal sequencing of many chemotherapy regimens is determined using preclinical models (eg, cancer cell lines in research labs), rather than studying the effects of different sequences of administration in humans.
Can paclitaxel be given before cisplatin?
One well-known example of this is administration of cisplatin and paclitaxel (Taxol); when cisplatin is given before paclitaxel, patients experience increased neutropenia. This effect is reduced when paclitaxel is administered first (without reducing the efficacy of the regimen).
How often can you take Cisplatin?
Cisplatin for injection has been administered at 75 mg/m² to 100 mg/m² intravenously per cycle once every 3 to 4 weeks on Day 1. Other doses and combination regimens have been used.
How long does it take for neuropathy to manifest after cisplatin?
Neurologic symptoms have been reported to occur after a single dose. Neuropathy can also have a delayed onset from 3 to 8 weeks after the last dose of cisplatin for injection. Manifestations include paresthesias in a stocking-glove distribution, areflexia, and loss of proprioception and vibratory sensation.
How long does nausea last after cisplatin?
Various degrees of vomiting, nausea, and/or anorexia may persist for up to 1 week after treatment. Delayed nausea and vomiting (begins or persists 24 hours or more after chemotherapy) has occurred in patients attaining complete emetic control on the day of cisplatin for injection therapy.
What is the active ingredient in cisplatin?
PLATINOL® (cisplatin for injection, USP) is a white to light yellow lyophilized powder. Each vial of PLATINOL contains 50 mg cisplatin, 450 mg Sodium Chloride, USP, and 500 mg Mannitol, USP. The active ingredient, cisplatin, is a yellow to orange crystalline powder with the molecular formula PtCl 2 H 6 N 2 , and a molecular weight of 300.1.
Does cisplatin cause vision loss?
Optic neuritis, papilledema, and cortical blindness have been reported in patients receiving standard recommended doses of cisplatin for injection. Blurred vision and altered color perception have been reported after the use of regimens with higher doses and dose frequencies of cisplatin for injection. The altered color perception manifests as a loss of color discrimination, particularly in the blue-yellow axis and irregular retinal pigmentation of the macular area on fundoscopic exam. Improvement and/or total recovery usually occurs after discontinuing cisplatin for injection but can be delayed.
Does cisplatin cause nausea?
Cisplatin for injection is a highly emetogenic antineoplastic agent. Premedicate with anti-emetic agents [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ]. Without antiemetic therapy, marked nausea and vomiting occur in almost all patients treated with cisplatin for injection and may be so severe that the drug must be discontinued. Nausea and vomiting may begin within 1 to 4 hours after treatment and last up to 72 hours. Maximal intensity occurs 48 to 72 hours after administration. Various degrees of vomiting, nausea, and/or anorexia may persist for up to 1 week after treatment. Delayed nausea and vomiting (begins or persists 24 hours or more after chemotherapy) has occurred in patients attaining complete emetic control on the day of cisplatin for injection therapy. Consider the use of additional anti-emetics following infusion.
Is PLATINOL a toxic substance?
Cumulative renal toxicity associated with PLATINOL is severe. Other major dose-related toxicities are myelosuppression, nausea, and vomiting. Ototoxicity, which may be more pronounced in children, and is manifested by tinnitus, and/or loss of high frequency hearing and occasionally deafness, is significant.
Description
Clinical Pharmacology
Contraindications
Warnings
Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Other Toxicities
Overdosage
Dosage and Administration
- Platinol is administered by slow intravenous infusion. Platinol SHOULD NOT BE GIVEN BY RAPID INTRAVENOUS INJECTION. Note: Needles or intravenous sets containing aluminum parts that may come in contact with Platinol should not be used for preparation or administration. Aluminum reacts with Platinol, causing precipitate formation and a loss of potenc...
Preparation of Intravenous Solutions