What are suspended solids in water treatment?
Produced or fresh water being treated may have suspended solids, such as formation sand, rust from piping and vessels, and scale particles, or dissolved solids (various chemical ions). For most uses or disposal methods, these solids may need to be removed.
How can solid particles be separated from the water stream?
Suspended solids can be separated from the water stream by: Solid particles, because of their heavier density (compared to water) and net negative buoyant force, will settle to the bottom with a terminal velocity that can be derived from Stokes’ law, as shown in Eq. 1 . ...............
What are dissolved solids in water?
The term “dissolved solids” is used to describe these ions in water; some of the more common are: When water is thermally evaporated or treated with membranes, these ions become saturated and exceed their solubility in water. They will then precipitate or crystallize to form scale.
Why do we need to remove solids from oil-coated materials?
For most uses or disposal methods, these solids may need to be removed. It may be necessary to remove these solids to prevent wear in high-velocity areas, prevent solids from filling up vessels and piping and interfering with instruments, and comply with discharge restrictions on oil-coated solids.
What are the methods to remove suspended solids from water?
Suspended solids can be separated from the water stream by:Gravity settling.Hydrocyclone desanders.Filters.Centrifuges.
What method of water treatment is used to remove solids found in water?
SedimentationSedimentation is a physical water treatment process using gravity to remove suspended solids from water. Solid particles entrained by the turbulence of moving water may be removed naturally by sedimentation in the still water of lakes and oceans.
What is sedimentation method?
Sedimentation is the process of allowing particles in suspension in water to settle out of the suspension under the effect of gravity. The particles that settle out from the suspension become sediment, and in water treatment is known as sludge.
How do you separate solids from water?
Separating solids from liquids – filtration Filtration is a method for separating an insoluble solid from a liquid. When a mixture of sand and water is filtered: the sand stays behind in the filter paper (it becomes the residue ) the water passes through the filter paper (it becomes the filtrate )
Removing Suspended Solids
- Suspended solids can be separated from the water stream by: 1. Gravity settling 2. Hydrocyclone desanders 3. Filters 4. Centrifuges
Solids Handling
- Once solids separation is identified as a need in a produced-water system, facilitating the solids handling becomes an important need in overall system design. Systems are based on modular designs that can be built to handle a very wide range of process needs for either land-based or offshore systems. These systems should be manufactured to require minimal operator intervent…
Removing Dissolved Solids from Water
- Various chemical compounds are dissolved in water as ions to form an aqueous solution. The term “dissolved solids” is used to describe these ions in water; some of the more common are: 1. Silica 2. Calcium 3. Magnesium When water is thermally evaporated or treated with membranes, these ions become saturated and exceed their solubility in water. They will then precipitate or cr…
Noteworthy Papers in OnePetro
- Rawlins, C. H., Wang, I. I. 2001. Design and Installation of a Sand-Separation and -Handling System for a Gulf of Mexico Oil Production Facility. SPE Production & Facilities. SPE-72999-PA. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/72999-PA Muraleedaaran, S., Li, X., Li, L., Lee, R. L. 2009. Is Reverse Osmosis Effective for Produced Water Purification: Viability and Economic Analysis. Presented …
Online Multimedia
- Walsh, John M. 2013. Hydrocyclones for Water Treating—The Science and Technology. https://webevents.spe.org/products/hydrocyclones-for-water-treatingthe-science-and-technology Walsh, John M. 2012. Selection and Troubleshooting of Flotation Equipment for Produced Water Treating. https://webevents.spe.org/products/selection-and-troubleshooting-of-…
External Links
- Use this section to provide links to relevant material on websites other than PetroWiki and OnePetro