- Speech Therapy. Mental retardation can result in a delayed speech in children. The rate and extent of the learning depend on the child’s degree of retardation.
- Occupational Therapy. Based on the recommendations of the specialists, a child can undergo occupational therapy. The social program and extra-curricular activities aim to improve the self-esteem of the child.
- Special Assistive Devices Training. Special assistive devices refer to the different equipment or products used directly, modified, or customized to provide training to children.
- Physical Therapy. In some cases, physical therapy can do wonders to individuals with intellectual disability. The exercises can promote motor skills required to perform everyday activities.
- Family Therapy. Children affected with mental retardation need support from family members. Therefore, relatives of the affected individuals need coping skills.
Is there a cure or treatment in mental retardation?
There is no cure of course for mental retardation, but there are numerous support groups and institutions and programs which ultimately help the person lead a normal and even productive life. Symptoms of mental retardation are numerous.
How to get rid of mental retardation?
The attitude you bring to life
- Pessimism and Optimism. ...
- Belief in Destiny: Another way to deal with life is by believing in destiny. ...
- Faith: Faith also generates positive vibrations within you which reduce tensions and results in peace and happiness in moments of confusion and uncertainty.
What are the different types of mental retardation treatment?
- Method # 1. Education: (b) Educating the mentally retarded. ...
- Method # 2. Trainable Mentally Retarded Children: TMR children are much more retarded than EMR children and so their educational structure and curriculum are different.
- Method # 3. ...
- Method # 4. ...
- Method # 5. ...
- Method # 6. ...
- Method # 7. ...
- Method # 8. ...
- Method # 9. ...
- Method # 10. ...
Is it possible to reverse mental retardation?
There are many causes of mental retardation, so you can not speak of a cure unless you look at the underlying cause. Generally there is no cure for mental retardation unless we become able to reverse brain damage. This is not something expected anytime in the near future. Research using stem cells is underway but not aimed at MR to my knowledge.
What is the best treatment for intellectual disabilities?
special education and academic support, such as individual education plans, which are available in the U.S. under federal law for free to every child with intellectual disability. transition services that help people with intellectual disability transition to adulthood after high school. day programs.
What are 2 treatments for intellectual disability?
These therapies are helpful for many people with intellectual disabilities (ID, formerly mental retardation).Occupational therapy.Speech therapy.Physical therapy.Outdated, Unproven 'Treatments' for Intellectual Disabilities.Orthomolecular therapy: We all know diet and nutrition are important for good health.More items...
What are the prevention of mental retardation?
Prenatal diagnosis, newborn screening, dietary supplementation or restriction, hormone replacement, vaccination, and immunotherapy are just some of the techniques that have been applied to prevent mental retardation.
What are the 5 causes of mental retardation?
Causes of Mental Retardation?Various genetic disorders like Down's Syndrome.Certain maternal infections (rubella)during pregnancy.Alcohol abuse during pregnancy.Certain psycho social.Drug abuse during pregnancy.Maternal exposure to environmental chemicals.
What is mental retardation called now?
intellectual disabilityIn the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the APA replaced “mental retardation” with “intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder).” The APA included the parenthetical name “(intellectual developmental disorder)” to indicate that the diagnosed deficits ...
What are the types of mental retardation?
The DSM-IV classifies mental retardation into four stages based on severity: mild (IQ score of 50-55 to approximately 70), moderate (IQ score of 30-35 to 50-55), severe (IQ score of 20-25 to 35-40), and profound (IQ score of less than 20-25).
Is mental retardation preventable?
While there is no cure for this disability, there is hope. FASD is fully preventable and can be avoided with the proper resources and education. Steps can also be taken to help individuals and their families affected by FASD succeed. With the appropriate support and recognition, FASD will not control their future.
What causes mental retardation in babies?
Complications of prematurity, especially in extremely low-birth-weight infants, or postnatal exposure to lead can also cause mental retardation. Metabolic disorders are another possible cause of mental retardation. In some cases (e.g., PKU, hypothyroidism), retardation is preventable with early treatment.
Can mental retardation be genetic?
Mental retardation is caused by a number of different factors. Among genetic disorders, Fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome are the commonest causes of mental retardation. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an inherited form of mental retardation. FXS is estimated to affect 1 in 2,500 males and 1 in 8,000 females.
How do you test for mental retardation?
Wechsler Scales The Wechsler and Binet scales remain the two dominant, language-loaded, individually administered intelligence tests used for the diagnosis of mental retardation in the United States.
What strategies are used in teaching students with mental retardation?
Here are just a few of the teaching methods that educators can employ to support students with an intellectual disability:Using small steps. ... Modify teaching to be more hands-on. ... Think visual. ... Use baby steps. ... Incorporate more physical learning experiences. ... Start a feedback book or chart. ... Encourage music in the classroom.More items...
How do you raise a child with intellectual disability?
Encourage independence in your child. For example, help your child learn daily care skills, such as dressing, feeding him or herself, using the bathroom, and grooming. Give your child chores. Keep her age, attention span, and abilities in mind.
How to handle a mentally retarded child?
The parents therefore should be properly trained as how to handle the mentally retarded child. No doubt the mentally retarded child should be given proper love and affection. But this should not amount to something like overprotection and overindulgence. The parents must be sympathetic but at the same time they should be strong on certain points.
How many mentally retarded people were in residential care in 1972?
In fact, this comes to about 4 per cent of the mentally retarded people who need residential placement. In U.S.A. in 1972 it was 190,000 out of 6 million mentally retarded people. More often than not the effects of residential placement has been found to be adverse particularly where custodial care is prevalent and where drugs are administered in plenty to control deviant behaviour.
Why is regular schooling difficult for TMR children?
Regular schooling is difficult rather impossible for TMR children because of the physical problems in the severely retarded group such as seizures, lack of control over elimination etc . In fact, the aim of TMR classes is to teach them basic skills that normal and EMR children learn as they grow.
What is the I.Q. range of a retarded child?
(2) The trainable mentally retarded (TMR). EMR children have the I.Q. range of 55—70. They can go up to the 3rd to 6th grade by the time they complete school education.
Why is mental retardation so hard on parents?
Because of the personality difficulties and problems of adjustment of the retarded child, many parents consider their life to be miserable.
How does behaviour modification work?
It involves, to be more precise, the principles of reinforcement and punishment for modification of behaviour. By applying suitable reinforcements the behaviour modifier can change the behaviour of the mentally retarded person in the desirable direction.
What is the aim of EMR?
The aim of their education is to take care of them independently. Special small classes are conducted for EMR children where they are taught to learn social competence and occupational skills rather than academic achievement as is usually done in normal schools.
What is mental retardation?
Mental retardation is now called “intellectual disability” sometimes also called cognitive disabilities. According to American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities ( https://aaidd.org/home ), intellectual disability is defined as “a disability characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, which covers many everyday social and practical skills. This disability originates before the age of 18” 1). Intellectual disability is defined as a below-average intelligence (IQ) or mental ability coupled with lack of basic skills necessary for daily living, daily interaction (communication & social skills) and activities that is diagnosed before age 18. These limitations will cause a child to learn and develop more slowly than a typical child. Just like other health problems, an intellectual disability can be mild (smaller) or major (bigger). The bigger the disability, the more trouble someone will have learning and becoming an independent person. There are varying degrees of intellectual disability are identified according to their level of intelligence quotient (IQ). In the past, the term mental retardation was used to describe intellectual disability, but now mental retardation is no longer used because it hurts people’s feelings.
Why is mental retardation no longer used?
In the past, the term mental retardation was used to describe intellectual disability, but now mental retardation is no longer used because it hurts people’s feelings. An intellectual disability is not a disease. You can’t catch an intellectual disability from anyone.
What causes intellectual disability in children?
Still other causes of intellectual disability do not occur until a child is older; these might include serious head injury, stroke, or certain infections. There are many causes of intellectual disability, but doctors find a specific reason in only 25% of cases 10). Risk factors are related to the causes.
What age can you test for adaptive behavior?
Age of Onset – Intellectual disability is one of several developmental disabilities—that is, there is evidence of the disability during the developmental period, which in the US is operationalized as before the age of 18.
What is developmental disability?
Developmental disabilities are severe chronic disabilities that can be cognitive or physical or both. The disabilities appear before the age of 22 and are likely to be lifelong.Some developmental disabilities are largely physical issues, such as cerebral palsy or epilepsy. Some individuals may have a condition that includes a physical and intellectual disability, for example Down syndrome or fetal alcohol syndrome.
What percentage of children with special needs have intellectual disabilities?
In fact, 7% of the children who need special education have some form of intellectual disability 9). Intellectual disability can be caused by a problem that starts any time before a child turns 18 years old – even before birth. Intellectual disability can be caused by injury, disease, or a problem in the brain.
How many people have intellectual disabilities?
It is estimated that seven to eight million people in the United States have an intellectual disability, which means that 1 in 10 families are affected 7). More than 425,000 children (ages 3-21) have some level of intellectual disability and receive special education services in public school 8).
What is the Mental Retardation?
Intellectual disability, more commonly known as mental retardation, is a condition where the brain does not function within the normal range of adaptive as well as intellectual functioning. This condition is present from early childhood and children with IQ level measured below 70-75 are known to be suffering from mental retardation.
How is the Mental Retardation treatment done?
If diagnosed with intellectual disability, your child will need to undergo a counseling therapy to cope with their disability. During the session, the therapist will interview the parents and observe the behavior of the child to know more about the condition.
Who is eligible for the treatment? (When is the treatment done?)
Children born with IQ level below 70-75, and showing symptoms of intellectual disability like difficulty in following instructions and remembering things, inability in problem-solving or logical-thinking, difficulty in talking, walking and communicating with others, childish behavior inconsistent with one’s age, etc. are eligible for the treatment.
Who is not eligible for the treatment?
If your child does not show symptoms of mental retardation, they need not undergo any treatment.
What are the post-treatment guidelines?
Post treatment guidelines for the treatment of mental retardation include the following: getting your child involved more in group activities, letting him or her participate in physical activities, providing emotional support to your child, ensuring they follow proper medicines as prescribed by the doctor or counselor.
How long does it take to recover?
Since treatment of intellectual disability do not yield permanent results, the exact time for recovery is not known.
Are the results of the treatment permanent?
Mental retardation is a condition present from early childhood. The results of the treatment are not permanent because it is a genetic disorder. However, certain medications and therapies may help improve the condition.
Psychotropic drugs and mental retardation
Since people with mental retardation are often prescribed psychotropic drugs for controlling their behavior for a long time, and often a combination thereof, it is extremely important to take into account the short-term and long-term effects of these remedies - in order to choose the safest ones.
Mental retardation and affective disorders
The latest advances in the diagnosis of depression and dysthymia in mentally retarded individuals make it possible to treat these conditions with more specific means. Nevertheless, the response to antidepressants in mentally retarded individuals is variable.
Mental retardation and anxiety disorders
Buspirone (buspar) - an anxiolytic agent, differing in pharmacological properties from benzodiazepines, barbiturates and other sedatives and hypnotics. Preclinical studies show that buspirone has a high affinity for serotonin 5-HT1D receptors and a modest affinity for the dopamine D2 receptor in the brain.
Mental retardation and stereotypes
Fluoxetiv is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, effective in depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Because fluoxetine metabolites inhibit the activity of CYP2D6, a combination with drugs that are metabolized by this enzyme (eg, tricyclic antidepressants) can lead to side effects.
Mental retardation and attention deficit with hyperactivity
Although it has long been known that almost 20% of children with mental retardation have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, only in the last two decades attempts have been made to treat it.
How to help someone with mental illness?
Learn about your mental illness. Your doctor or therapist can provide you with information or may recommend classes, books or websites. Include your family, too — this can help the people who care about you understand what you're going through and learn how they can help.
How to improve mental health?
Even light physical activity can make a difference. Make healthy choices. Maintaining a regular schedule that includes sufficient sleep, healthy eating and regular physical activity are important to your mental health.
What is the DSM-5?
The defining symptoms for each mental illness are detailed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association. This manual is used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental conditions and by insurance companies to reimburse for treatment.
What is brain stimulation?
Brain-stimulation treatments are sometimes used for depression and other mental health disorders. They're generally reserved for situations in which medications and psychotherapy haven't worked. They include electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation and vagus nerve stimulation.
How long does it take to get psychotherapy?
Psychotherapy often can be successfully completed in a few months, but in some cases, long-term treatment may be needed. It can take place one-on-one, in a group or with family members.
What are the different classes of mental illness?
Classes of mental illness. The main classes of mental illness are: Neurodevelopmental disorders. This class covers a wide range of problems that usually begin in infancy or childhood, often before the child begins grade school.
When to go to a psychiatric hospital?
This is generally recommended when you can't care for yourself properly or when you're in immediate danger of harming yourself or someone else.
