When should theory be used in targeted action?
Use of theory may be most helpful when the targeted action takes place in an organization with multiple actors, multiple layers, and complex factors affecting decision-making processes, which characterizes almost any health care organization.
What are the factors to consider when designing an assessment?
There are seven factors to consider when designing an assessment; these are validity, reliability, practicality, authenticity, transparency, fairness and equity. The validity of an assessment is how accurately the assessment measures the relevant performance of students.
What is the criteria for evaluating treatment guidelines?
The Criteria for Evaluating Treatment Guidelines should be regarded as guidelines, which means that it is essentially aspirational in intent. It is intended to facilitate and assist the evaluation of treatment guidelines but is not intended to be mandatory, exhaustive, or definitive and may not be applicable to every situation.
What is the purpose of assessment and treatment planning?
The assessment and treatment planning process should lead to the individualization of treatment, appropriate client–treatment matching, and the monitoring of goal attainment (Allen and Mattson 1993).
How is theory important in assessment and diagnosis?
As noted from the chapter's historical perspective, incorporating theory in an assessment helps clinicians synthesize information that is gathered from the evaluation's multiple sources, and ultimately results in more accurate interpretations and interventions.
What are the five steps in application of the theory?
There are five phases that make up an effective theory case plan 1) theory approach, 2) theory assessment, 3) theory intervention, 4) theory case plan, and 5) theory termination. relationship and work. The approach then guides the entire work with room for change and redressing if the theory initial chosen falls short.
What role does theory play in assessment?
Knowledge of evaluation theory can help evaluators better understand reactions to their work and help them defend against critics making different assumptions about evaluation design or unfairly using a fundamentally different theory of practice to discredit the work.
How do you apply theory to practice?
So, to make those first twenty of your ten-thousand hours really count, here are six ways to put theory into practice:Acknowledge the challenge. ... Limit the scope. ... Commit time. ... Leverage tools and materials in the program. ... Create practice partnerships. ... Consider coaching.
Why is change theory important in nursing?
Knowledge of the science of change theory is critical to altering organizational systems. Being conversant with various change theories can provide a framework for implementing, managing, and evaluating change within the context of human behaviour.
What is a change theory in healthcare?
The Change Theory of Nursing was developed by Kurt Lewin, who is considered the father of social psychology. This theory is his most influential theory. He theorized a three-stage model of change known as unfreezing-change-refreeze model that requires prior learning to be rejected and replaced.
How do you assess a theory?
A theory generally attempts to explain some aspect of human behaviour or mental processes, so you can evaluate a theory by looking at the extent to which the theory can explain one or more examples of the behaviour/s in question. For instance, the Multi-store Model of Memory attempts to explain memory formation.
What are the most important aspects of theory as it relates to developing programs?
Spelling out that theory can be one of the most important things you do for the success of your program. It provides a logical and reasonable description of why the things you do – your program activities – should lead to the intended results or benefits (Appendix A). Clarity and plain language are essential.
What are the theories in assessing learning?
There are five primary educational learning theories: behaviorism, cognitive, constructivism, humanism, and connectivism.
Why is it important to apply theory to practice?
The connection between practice and theory is important as it demonstrates your ability to use evidence to increase your understanding of key concepts, justify your decision making, and inform future practice.
Why is application of theory important?
Theory allows us to explain what we see and to figure out how to bring about change. Theory is a tool that enables us to identify a problem and to plan a means for altering the situation.
What is the assessment of learning?
Assessment ranges from a quick and simple learning check in the form of student questioning, up to a final exam which could form the entirety of the requirements of awarding the qualification.
What is formative assessment?
“Formative assessment findings inform you of the content which needs to be covered and also the effectiveness of teaching and learning methods.” (Machin, Hindmarch, Murray, & Richardson, 2016, p. 89) Many people consider the formative assessment as part of the teaching process, that everything that has been taught must be assessed to ensure the students have learnt the required material. I use this method on a regular basis, generally in combination with a behaviourist approach in which I explain how to implement something, explain what the goal is and then allow the students to tackle the problem and assess how well they have implemented it. The methods I frequently use for formative assessment are observations, strategic questioning and classroom polls. “Learners completing practical or written exercises, taking part in short quizzes, reporting back from discussions, engaging in problem solving activities, giving short presentations or demonstrations” (Gould & Roffey-Barentsen, 2014, p. 43) are both being taught and assessed at the same time. I find all of these methods, but particularly practical exercises, very effective within my teaching.
What is diagnostic assessment?
“Diagnostic assessments inform both teacher and learner of current abilities and specific future needs”. (Machin, Hindmarch, Murray, & Richardson, 2016, p. 94) If possible this should be performed before the students start the course, as this diagnostic assessment will assess whether the student is suitable for the course. It may be that due to their existing ability a lower level course would be more suitable. This is also the ideal opportunity to assess a student’s Maths and English ability. A student with poor Maths and English is likely to struggle on a course that requires assignment writing as part of the assessment. In this case it may be suitable that the student enrols on an English course before starting the course they are trying to join.
Is work assessed the learner's own?
It is essential that “the work assessed should be the learner’s own”. (Gould & Roffey-Barentsen, 2014, p. 109) In the event that work submitted for a summative assessment is not the work of a student and this is not discovered, the student may receive a qualification for which they do not hold the necessary skills, this could result in a life or death situation in many industries. For example, if a student in one of my classes goes on to work with computer hardware but doesn’t have the necessary health and safety skills that their qualification suggests, they could put themselves and others in serious danger.
Abstract
Theories of psychopathology are collections of assumptions and facts relevant to behavior, as well as descriptions of how they interact to explain the development and persistence of abnormal behavior. Such theories have proved invaluable to both researchers and practitioners in their efforts to understand and alleviate human suffering.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
What is the primary goal of assessment?
Within the clinical context, the primary goal of assessment is to determine those characteristics of the client and his or her life situation that may influence treatment decisions and contribute to the success of treatment (Allen 1991). Additionally, assessment procedures are crucial to the treatment planning process.
What is client-treatment matching?
Client–treatment matching attempts to place the client in those treatments most appropriate to his or her needs. There are a number of dimensions on which treatments may vary and which need to be considered in attempting to make an appropriate referral or match (Marlatt 1988; W.R. Miller 1989 b; Institute of Medicine 1990; Donovan et al. 1994; Gastfriend and McLellan 1997). Among these dimensions are treatment setting (e.g., inpatient, residential, outpatient), treatment intensity, specific treatment modalities, and the degree of therapeutic structure. A number of possible variables may interact with these dimensions to lead to differential outcomes, making the clinician’s task more difficult.
What is Shiffman's theory of relapse proneness?
Shiffman (1989) suggested that three levels of information are necessary in order to gain a sense of the individual’s “relapse proneness,” and thus are relevant to treatment planning. These fall along a continuum of their proximity, in both time and influence, to the probability of relapse.
Why are guidelines important for treatment?
Good guidelines allow for flexibility in treatment selection so as to maximize the range of choices among effective treatment alternatives.
What is treatment guidelines?
That is, treatment guidelines are patient directed or patient focused as opposed to practitioner focused, and they tend to be condition or treatment specific (e.g., pediatric immunizations, mammography, depression).
Why are guideline panels recommended?
It is recommended that guideline panels make detailed recommendations to facilitate independent evaluation of the reliability of the guidelines they produce. Ascertaining whether the guidelines are interpreted and applied consistently by health care professionals comprises one assessment of reliability.
What is a criterion 7.2?
Criterion 7.2 It is recommended that guidelines take into account the effects on treatment outcome of interactions between the patient's and the health care professional's characteristics , including but not limited to language, ethnicity, background, sex, and gender.
What is the purpose of failure to disclose scientific justification for a guideline?
Moreover, failure to disclose the scientific justification for a guideline violates a basic principle of science, which requires open scrutiny and debate. Without the disclosure of adequate scientific information, guidelines are mere expressions of opinion.
Why are guidelines promulgated?
Guidelines are promulgated to encourage high quality care. Ideally, they are not promulgated as a means of establishing the identity of a particular professional group or specialty, nor are they used to exclude certain persons from practicing in a particular area.
What factors affect outcome?
Such factors as the professional's skill, experience, gender, language, and ethnic background can affect outcome in ways that are only partly understood. Criterion 7.1 It is recommended that guidelines take into account the effect of the health care professional's training, skill, and experience on treatment outcome.
Problem Recognition, Motivation, and Readiness to Change
Alcohol–Related Expectancies and Self–Efficacy
Perceived Locus of Control of Drinking Behavior
Measures of Family History of Alcohol Problems
Extra–Treatment Social Support
- An important area to consider as part of the assessment process is the extent and nature of the individual’s social support system. Perceived social support may serve as a moderator of the relationship between a positive family history of alcoholism and the development of alcohol problems (Ohannessian and Hesselbrock 1993). Litman (1986) noted that...
Multidimensional Assessment Measures
Measures to Assist in Differential Treatment Placement
Summary
Acknowledgments
References