What are the steps in the nursing process?
The first step of the nursing process is assessment. During this phase, the nurse gathers information about a patient's psychological, physiological, sociological, and spiritual status. This data can be collected in a variety of ways. Generally, nurses will conduct a patient interview.
How do you assess adequacy of ventilation in a patient?
Observe the rise and fall of the client’s chest to assess the adequacy of each ventilation. Remove the resuscitation device and place it on the bed or the client’s chest with the connector facing up. If the client is on a ventilator, use the ventilator for hyperventilation and hyperoxygenation.
What is the diagnosing phase of the nursing process?
The diagnosing phase involves a nurse making an educated judgment about a potential or actual health problem with a patient. Multiple diagnoses are sometimes made for a single patient.
What should the nurse anticipate in preparing to measure IAP?
What should the nurse anticipate in preparing to measure IAP in a patient with ileus? Ensure pt is supine and measure IAP at end expiration. A patient with a history of liver failure is admitted.
What is the first step in health literacy?
The first step in health literacy involves clear communication, which can move beyond traditional methods of talking and writing. “Health literacy happens when providers and patients truly understand one another. The essence of health literacy has to do with mutual understanding,” Osborne said.
What is the next step in a health literacy program?
2. Confirm understanding. After information is evidently communicated, the next step is confirmation of knowledge . In her talks and teachings, Osborne often tells clinicians that if they can only do one thing to improve health literacy, it should be to confirm understanding.
What are the communication methods used to help patients understand and relate to health issues?
Metaphors, analogies, music and stories are all communication methods that can be implemented to help patients understand and relate to health issues, Osborne added. But the most important piece of the communication puzzle is keeping language simple and concise.
What are the steps of wound care?
The three steps for basic wound care, according to Richlen include accurate assessment, thorough cleansing of wounds and appropriate dressing of wounds.
What is the role of a manager in wound care?
Managers play a role in helping staff provide proper wound care. Managers are key in encouraging their staff to expand their wound care skills, Richlen said. “One way for managers to encourage their staff to gain wound care knowledge and skills, is to provide financial reimbursement for wound care continuing education units for attending wound care ...
What is wounds part 1?
Wounds, Part 1#N#(1 contact hr)#N#Nurses in most settings frequently encounter acute and chronic wounds during routine patient care. Applying the appropriate nursing measures and carefully selecting the right wound care products promotes optimal healing. This program presents nurses with current concepts in wound care within the framework of the nursing process.
Do nurses need to know about wound care?
Every nurse should know the basics of proper wound care. That’s because, regardless of where you work — acute, long-term or outpatient care, you likely see a variety of wounds on patients on a routine basis. Whether their wounds are from trauma, surgery or are chronic, all wounds require special care. Understanding basic, proper wound care skills ...
How can a psychiatric nurse help patients?
By providing their patients with an emotionally safe and supportive environment, psychiatric nurses can build trusting relationships that may improve the effectiveness of interventions, as patients may be more open to evidence-based discussions regarding their suicidal motivations, thoughts, and beliefs.
Why is it important for nurses to learn to regulate emotions?
When patients make attempts to take their own lives, the psychiatric nurses who were treating them are likely to experience some level of emotional reaction, but it is imperative that nurses learn to regulate these emotions through experience. An insufficiency in their own emotional security and personal well-being due to a previous experience with patient suicide could reduce the quality of care that nurses are capable of providing, damaging their ability to build strong relationships with future patients. [2]
Do nurses have to update their treatment plans?
Beyond planning, nurses must also routinely review and amend their treatment plans during inpatient hospitalizations while also ensuring that all outpatient providers have access to updated treatment plans and are completely informed on any relevant knowledge that may aid them in providing sufficient care.
Why do we need an assessment before medication?
All medications require an assessment (review of lab values, pain, respiratory assessment, cardiac assessment, etc.) prior to medication administration to ensure the patient is receiving the correct medication for the correct reason.
What to do if a patient questions a medication?
If a patient questions or expresses concern about a medication, stop and do not administer it. If a patient questions a medication, stop and explore the patient’s concerns, review the physician’s order, and, if necessary, notify the practitioner in charge of the patient.
What is the role of a nurse in medication administration?
Medication administration requires good decision-making skills and clinical judgment, and the nurse is responsible for ensuring full understanding of medication administration and its implications for patient safety. Medication errors have a substantial impact on health care in Canada (Butt, 2010). When preparing and administering medication, ...
When administering medication, should you use technology?
Use technology when administering medications but be aware of technology-induced errors. Report all near misses, errors, and adverse reactions. Reporting allows for analysis and identification of potential errors, which can lead to improvements and sharing of information for safer patient care.
Can a nurse borrow medication from another patient?
For example, a nurse may “borrow” a medication from another patient while waiting for an order to be filled by the pharmacy. These workarounds fail to follow agency policy to ensure safe medication practices. Ensure medication has not expired. Medication may be inactive if expired.
What is a nurse in hemodialysis?
Nurses who practice in acute care hospitals, dialysis clinics, and even home health may be responsible for providing direct care to a patient in need of hemodialysis. This article describes the minimal interventions that must be done each time you send and receive a patient to and from a hemodialysis treatment.
How many lumens does a hemodialysis catheter have?
A hemodialysis catheter has two lumens: one will be used to remove blood and the other to return the clean blood back to the patient. When assessing this type of access, you'll need to monitor the catheter site for drainage and redness of surrounding skin.
How long does it take for an AVF to work?
After about 6 to 12 weeks, the AVF is strong enough to withstand the high volumes of blood flow needed for dialysis treatments. When a patient doesn't have blood vessels strong enough to grow adequately, an arteriovenous graft (AVG) may be created.
What do you need to know before sending a patient for hemodialysis?
Before sending your patient for a hemodialysis treatment, you'll need to make sure that the access site is functioning properly. Your assessment interventions will depend on the type of access your patient has. If your patient has an AVF or AVG, you'll need to check for obvious problems.
How long does dialysis treatment last?
Treatment usually lasts for 3 to 5 hours. What you do before your patient has dialysis can make all the difference in how well your patient responds to the treatment. In some rare cases, what you do or don't do can even make the difference between life and death.
How long after hemodialysis can you give lab results?
This should be done only after your patient has stabilized, which is usually within 2 to 4 hours after treatment.
What is the treatment for kidney failure?
When a person's kidneys fail to function properly, life-sustaining treatment, such as hemodialysis, may be required. Hemodialysis works by removing blood from the body; putting it through a dialyzer to clean the blood of toxins, excess water, and electrolytes; and then returning clean blood back to the patient (see Picturing hemodialysis).
What is the procedure to open the trachea?
Tracheostomy: A surgical procedure to create an opening between 2-3 (3-4) tracheal rings into the trachea below the larynx. Tracheal Suctioning: A means of clearing thick mucus and secretions from the trachea and lower airway through the application of negative pressure via a suction catheter.
How to remove secretions from tracheostomy tube?
Suction the full length of the tracheostomy tube to remove secretions and ensure a patent airway. Rinse the suction catheter and wrap the catheter around your hand, and peel the glove off so that it turns inside out over the catheter. Unlock the inner cannula with the gloved hand.
How to do a sterile field?
Open other sterile supplies as needed including sterile applicators, suction kit, and tracheostomy dressing. 5. Suction the tracheostomy tube, if necessary. Put a clean glove on your nondominant hand and a sterile glo ve on your dominant hand (or put on a pair of sterile gloves).
What is the outer cannula used for in tracheostomy?
Tracheostomy tubes have an outer cannula that is inserted into the trachea and a flange that rests against the neck and allows the tube to be secured in place with tape or ties. Tracheostomy tubes also have an obturator which is used to insert the outer cannula which is then removed afterwards.
How to remove a soiled tracheostomy dressing?
Remove the soiled tracheostomy dressing. Place the soiled dressing in your gloved hand and peel the glove off so that it turns inside out over the dressing. Discard the glove and the dressing. Put on sterile gloves. Keep your dominant hand sterile during the procedure. 6.
What is suctioning a tracheostomy?
Suctioning a tracheostomy or endotracheal tube is a sterile, invasive technique requiring application of scientific knowledge and problem solving. This skill is performed by a nurse or respiratory therapist and is not delegated to UAP.
How often should a tracheostomy be cleaned?
Initially a tracheostomy may need to be suctioned and cleaned as often as every 1 to 2 hours. After the initial inflammatory response subsides, tracheostomy care may only need to be done once or twice a day, depending on the client. Definition of Terms. Components of Tracheostomy Tube. Providing Tracheostomy Care.
What should nurses tell patients about substance abuse?
Nurses should tell patients that substance abuse disorder is a mental illness like schizophrenia and depression and could be associated with poor coping strategies [18]. Interventions directed toward increased self-worth are encouraged.
What are the most common substances that nurses abuse?
It is important for nurses to have knowledge about the most common substances that cause abuse such as Alcohol, Amphetamines, Caffeine, Cannabis, Cocaine, Hallucinogens, Inhalants, Nicotine, Opioids, Phencyclidine, Sedative, and hypnotics, or anti-anxiety agents.
What are the consequences of substance abuse?
Untreated substance abuse might result in disturbances in social, occupational, or recreational activities . Furthermore, intoxication and withdrawal might have devastating impacts ...
What should a nurse do before discharge?
Immediately before discharge, the nurse should encourage continued participation in outpatient support system and long-term treatment. Patient should be also instructed about the alternative sources of satisfaction and coping strategies.
What are the symptoms of intoxication?
During intoxication process, most patients experience acute symptoms such as anxiety, agitation and tremor. Most of the time, anxiety, agitation, and seizures are treated by benzodiazepines. For the severe agitation, antipsychotics are used [10]. Abrupt discontinuation of the substances abused is usually not recommended.
Should nurses be aware of the laboratory tests used to assess patients with substance abuse such as blood alcohol level?
In fact, there is no single intervention appropriate for all individuals with substance abuse.
Can nurses use antidotes?
In fact, no specific antidotes are available for all substances abused, and each substance usually has a specific antidote to be used.