Because of the role that conditioning processes appear to play in asthma, efforts to apply psychological approaches have focused on using behavioral methods, which apply principles of operant and respondent conditioning, as adjunctive therapies to medical treatment for the disorder.
Full Answer
What are the four psychosocial theories of asthma?
Four psychosocial theories—self-efficacy, stress and coping, learned helplessness, and social support theory—have broad and important application to the question of patient education, decision-making, and behavior change in the management of asthma and other chronic conditions.
What are the aims of asthma therapy?
The aim of asthma therapy is to reach and maintain the disease control, minimizing symptoms, daily activity limitation, and the risks for life-threatening exacerbations and long-term morbidity [ 6 ].
What are the theories of asthma education?
The theories underlying asthma education efforts include the following: several theories related to health education in general, and some specific to asthma education, including the health belief mod el;9 sick-role behavior.l'' locus of control theory.l' physician-patientrelaticnships.lf self-regulation the
Can psychodynamic psychotherapies help patients with asthma?
Psychodynamic psychotherapies attempt to uncover the emotional issues and response styles that drive patients to behave in maladaptive ways. Controlled trials of dynamic therapy are infrequent, and there is little evidence that they are likely to be of utility in a significant number of patients with asthma.
How is psychology involved in asthma?
Specific psychological factors that likely affect asthma experience and management. Symptoms' subjective perception, alexithymia, coping strategies, depression and anxiety are the psychological factors that, in cognitive or in emotional dimensions, are most involved in Asthma experience and management.
Which treatment approach is used to treat asthma?
Long-term control medications such as inhaled corticosteroids are the most important medications used to keep asthma under control. These preventive medications treat the airway inflammation that leads to asthma symptoms. Used on a daily basis, these medications can reduce or eliminate asthma flare-ups.
What behavioral determinants contribute to asthma?
For psychosocial indicators of mental health and social integration, feelings of loneliness and sleeping problems were the strongest factors, and among individual behavioral factors, the largest associations were found for tobacco consumption.
What is the stepwise approach to asthma treatment?
Asthma treatment is based on a stepwise and control-based approach that involves an iterative cycle of assessment, adjustment of the treatment and review of the response aimed to minimize symptom burden and risk of exacerbations. Anti-inflammatory treatment is the mainstay of asthma management.
What are 4 treatments for asthma?
Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack. They may also be used before exercise if your doctor recommends it....MedicationsInhaled corticosteroids. ... Leukotriene modifiers. ... Combination inhalers. ... Theophylline.
What are Behavioural determinants of health?
Among the most important behavioral determinants of health are dietary choices and eating patterns, alcohol and tobacco use, and physical activity level. In addition, many individual behaviors affect a person's risk of developing a range of life-threatening diseases: Sleep and Exercise Patterns.
What factors contribute to asthma?
Asthma triggersAirborne allergens, such as pollen, dust mites, mold spores, pet dander or particles of cockroach waste.Respiratory infections, such as the common cold.Physical activity.Cold air.Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke.More items...•
What lifestyle choices can cause asthma?
What puts people at risk for developing asthma?Family history. If you have a parent with asthma, you are three to six times more likely to develop asthma than someone who does not have a parent with asthma.Viral respiratory infections. ... Allergies. ... Occupational exposures. ... Smoking. ... Air Pollution. ... Obesity.
What are the psychological characteristics of asthmatic patients?
The psychological characteristics of asthmatic patients and the presence of mental problems, have been shown to be linked to both asthma severity and level of disease control. Difficulties in achieving the objectives of asthma therapy suggested by current guidelines may depend also on psychological factors such as symptoms’ perception, alexithymia, coping strategies, mood disorders.
Can ICS be used for asthma?
Despite the regular treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or ICS plus long-acting beta2-agonists, permits to control de majority of asthmatics, a significant proportion of patients does not respond to this treatment.
What is the problem with asthma self management?
The problem of asthma self-management is partly cognitive. Patients may doubt the importance of some risk factors. The predisposing attitudinal and belief factors seem to involve a need for a greater appreciation of the importance of behavioral or environmental risk factors and the importance of modifying those factors. The problem appears to center on the patient's diffidence in engaging in asthma self-management. This, in turn, appears to relate to a justifiable lack of self-confidence in knowing how to do so effectively. On the other side of the same coin, physicians may perceive their patients as being uninterested in practicing asthma self-management. Patients may be viewed as being unreceptive to advice or unwilling to change. Numerous studies have demonstrated a relationship between physicians providing advice or educational information and their perception of the patient's readiness to change.
What are the reinforcing factors of asthma?
Reinforcing factors include visible or felt effects of asthma self-management on symptoms, and the less tangible peer support and support of family members and health professionals. The behavior of significant others is reinforcing in its social effect on strengthening attempts to manage symptoms.
What is individualization in asthma?
The individualization or tailoring of patient education interventions applies the principles of participation, situational specificity, cumulative learning, and multiple methods. It argues for an interactive approach to learning in which the patient with asthma is actively involved in the learning experience. Programmed and self-paced instruction,
What is reinforcement in psychology?
A fundamental principle of human behavior is that behavior that is rewarded tends to be repeated. Nonrewarded behavior tends to be extinguished or to disappear. Application of the principle of reinforcement involves any activity (other than feedback) that is designed to reward a patient for desired behavior, ie, proper usage of asthma medications. Reinforcement may be intrinsic or extrinsic in nature. Extrinsic reinforcements, especially token rewards, need to be followed with educational interventions to link them to beliefs, attitudes, and values in order to convert them to intrinsic motivation.
Why do asthma patients fail to take appropriate action?
Lack of financial and other resources may account for many instances of patients’ failure to engage in preventive behavior and adherence to their asthma treatment regimen. Positive predisposing factors must be strong enough to offset the disincentive of cost and other barriers.
How does feedback help asthma patients?
The principle of feedback applied to asthma patient education efforts ensures that patients obtain direct and immediate feedback on their progress and the effects of their behavior on their illness. The provision of feedback allows the patient to adapt to both the learning process and the behavioral responses within his or her own situation and pace. When comprehension of treatment regimens is the goal, feedback can take the form of asking questions to determine the amount of information that has been acquired or retained. For long-term regimens such as asthma self-management, any method that makes progress visible to the patient can provide the necessary supportive feedback. The feedback principle is relevant to both patients and health professionals or caregivers. Creer
What are the principles of behavior change and health education?
These elements can be distilled into several “principles of behavior change and health education” that can usefully inform the design and evaluation of asthma prevention programs.
What is systematic approach to the use of theory?
A systematic approach to the use of theory to guide the design, selection, and application of intervention techniques is needed. Keywords: adherence; asthma; digital interventions; psychological theory; quality of life; self-management.
Is asthma a chronic disease?
Background: Asthma is a chronic disease requiring effective self-management to control it and prevent mortality. The use of theory-informed digital interventions promoting asthma self-management is increasing. However, there is limited knowledge concerning how and to what extent psychological theory has been applied to the development ...
What is psychology theory in therapy?
Psychology theories are essential in therapy. You'll choose a therapist who practices one of the forms of treatment that works best for your needs. Whether you work with a behavioral therapist or a humanistic one, you can get the help you need. One of the best things about therapy is that no matter what key psychological theory it extends from, it has the power to help you. Therapy has changed countless lives and helped people to improve themselves. No matter what you may be going through, there is a therapist who can support you.
What is the psychodynamic theory of psychology?
Freud believed that everyone's subconscious contains an ID, ego, and superego. Each component contains subcomponents and plays its own role in psychodynamic psychology.
What is the theory of behavior?
Behavior theory focuses on the stimulus-response behaviors. According to this theory, all behaviors are learned through interactions with the environment. The behaviorist theory in professional settingsrefers to the environment as stimuli and the person's behavior is a response.
What is the theory of cognitive psychology?
The cognitive psychology theory asserts that human behaviors begin with a person's mindset. Within the cognitive theory, attention, memory, and perception of humans are especially focused on. The way people process and compartmentalize information is valuable to understand what we see on the outside.
What are the two forms of classical conditioning?
There are two forms of it: classical conditioning and operant conditioning . Classical conditioning is a phenomenon whereby people learn to respond through sensory observation or repeated patterns. There are phases of classical conditioning. In the acquisition phase, a stimulus is repeated.
What is psychology in psychology?
Psychology is a broad field that covers the study of human behavior. There are many aspects to the field, including abnormal psychology, psychological theories, and research. In this article, we will cover five of the common, key methodologies used in therapy. Different clinicians use different methods to treat their clients.
What is the great thing about psychology?
The great thing about psychology is that there are so many different ways to look at human behavior, and each of the theories above is valid in its way. Human beings are innately complex and that means there are certain psychological theories which will be appropriate for one situation, but not another.
What is the purpose of psychology?
Purpose of a Psychology Theory. In psychology, theories are used to provide a model for understanding human thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Throughout psychology's history, a number of theories have been proposed to explain and predict various aspects of human behavior. It must describe a behavior.
When did humanistic psychology start?
Humanistic psychology theories began to grow in popularity during the 1950s. 8 While earlier theories often focused on abnormal behavior and psychological problems, humanist theories instead emphasized the basic goodness of human beings. Some of the major humanist theorists included Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow .
What are the cognitive theories of psychology?
Cognitive Theories. Cognitive theories of psychology are focused on internal states, such as motivation, problem-solving, decision-making, thinking, and attention. Such theories strive to explain different mental processes including how the mind processes information.
What are some theories that are still accepted today?
Each theory has helped contribute to our knowledge of the human mind and behavior. Some theories, such as classical conditioning , are still well accepted today. 2 Others, like Freud's theories, have not held up so well and have been mostly been replaced by new theories that better explain human development.
What is behavioral psychology?
Behavioral psychology, also known as behaviorism, is a theory of learning based on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. Advocated by famous psychologists such as John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner, behavioral theories dominated psychology during the early half of the twentieth century. 7 Today, behavioral techniques are still widely used by therapists to help clients learn new skills and behaviors.
Why is it important to study scientific theories?
Studying scientific theories can help you make better sense of what researchers mean when they talk about scientific study. It can improve your understanding of how scientific explanations for behavior and other phenomena in the natural world are formed, investigated, and accepted by the scientific community.
What is scientific theory?
A scientific theory presents an explanation about some aspect of human behavior or the natural world which is supported through repeated testing and experiments. This means that scientists have collected evidence that supports the theory. Many different researchers have gathered the evidence that supports the theory.