what kind of treatment did they have in europe do to the religion

What is the influence of religion in Europe?

Religion in Europe has been a major influence on today's society, art, culture, philosophy and law. The largest religion in Europe is Christianity, but irreligion and practical secularization are strong.

Which religions can limit medical treatment?

‘Inoculate yourself with the word of God’: How religion can limit medical treatment 1 Jehovah’s Witnesses. Just be firmly resolved not to eat the blood, because the blood is the life, and you must not eat the life with the flesh. 2 The Amish. ... 3 Seventh-day Adventists. ... 4 Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims. ... 5 Christian Scientists. ...

What are some examples of European religions?

Ancient European religions included veneration for deities such as Zeus. Modern revival movements of these religions include Heathenism, Rodnovery, Romuva, Druidry, Wicca, and others. Smaller religions include the Dharmic religions, Judaism, and some East Asian religions, which are found in their largest groups in Britain, France, and Kalmykia .

How did the Reformation affect the Catholic Church in Europe?

The Protestant Reformation led to a schism within the Catholic Church, as Protestant churches and rulers no longer recognised the authority of the papacy. Although most of the wars ended with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, religious conflicts continued to be fought in Europe until at least the 1710s.

How was religion in Europe affected by the plague?

When the Black Death struck Europe in 1347, the increasingly secular Church was forced to respond when its religious, spiritual, and instructive capabilities were found wanting. 2 The Black Death exacerbated this decline of faith in the Church because it exposed its vulnerability to Christian society.

What was religious persecution in Europe?

European Persecution. The religious persecution that drove settlers from Europe to the British North American colonies sprang from the conviction, held by Protestants and Catholics alike, that uniformity of religion must exist in any given society.

What happened to Christianity in Europe?

Europe's youth don't practice Christianity anymore, according to a new European social survey. The Continent was once the home of the majority of the world's Christians, but today many people between the ages of 16 and 29 claim they have no religious affiliation.

What religion did the European Practice?

Most Europeans adhere to one of three broad divisions of Christianity: Roman Catholicism in the west and southwest, Protestantism in the north, and Eastern Orthodoxy in the east and southeast.

What caused the religious wars in Europe?

The wars were fought in the aftermath of the Protestant Reformation (1517), which disrupted the religious order in the Catholic countries of Europe. However, religion was not the only cause of the wars, which also included revolts, territorial ambitions, and Great Power conflicts.

Why are religions persecuted?

Religious persecution may be triggered by religious bigotry (i.e. when members of a dominant group denigrate religions other than their own) or it may be triggered by the state when it views a particular religious group as a threat to its interests or security.

How did Christianity take over Europe?

The Roman Empire officially adopted Christianity in AD 380. During the Early Middle Ages, most of Europe underwent Christianization, a process essentially complete with the Baltic Christianization in the 15th century.

What caused the decline of Christianity in Europe?

Some say they gradually drifted away from religion, stopped believing in religious teachings, or were alienated by scandals or church positions on social issues, according to a major new Pew Research Center survey of religious beliefs and practices in Western Europe.

How did the spread of Christianity affect medieval Europe?

Christianity in the middle ages dominated the lives of both peasants and the nobility. Religious institutors including the Church and the monasteries became wealthy and influential given the fact that the state allocated a significant budget for religious activities.

How did religion affect European society?

Christianity, Judaism, Islam, and the core beliefs and practices of these religions continued to shape societies in Europe. -Christians established universities and held a large role in the feudal systems. Religion had a big political influence, bishops and the pope affected the lords.

What was religion like in early modern Europe?

Religion was one of the most important features of life in early modern Europe. The Christian faith was predominant, although there were also Jews and Muslims living in Europe. In 1500 the Catholic Church held enormous power and influence.

What was Europe religion before Christianity?

Before the spread of Christianity, Europe was home to a profusion of religious beliefs, most of which are pejoratively referred to as paganism. The word derives from the Latin paganus meaning 'of the countryside,' essentially calling them hicks or bumpkins. Some of these pre-Christian belief systems are listed below.

What countries in Europe have a decline in religious attendance?

A decrease in religiousness and church attendance in Western Europe (especially in the Netherlands, Belgium, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Luxembourg and Czech Republic) has been noted and called " Post-Christian Europe". Also, in the most populous Eastern European country ...

Which countries have rejected discrimination against homosexuals?

Meanwhile, states such as Latvia and Poland have rejected legislation designed to stop discrimination against homosexuals. This has been stated to be on religious grounds, with homosexual behaviour described as "unnatural", and the Catholic Church influencing public opinion.

Which country has the most people who don't believe in God?

The countries with the most people reporting no belief in any sort of spirit, god, or life force are France (40%), Czech Republic (37%), Sweden (34%), Netherlands (30%), Estonia (29%), Germany (27%), Belgium (27%) and Slovenia (26%). The most religious countries are Romania (1% non-believers) and Malta (2% non-believers).

Is the EU a secular state?

Church and state. The EU is a secular body with a separation of church and state. There are no formal ties to any religion and no mention of any specific religion in any current or proposed treaty. Discussion over the European Constitution's draft texts and later the Treaty of Lisbon have included proposals to mention Christianity and/or God in ...

Where did Jews practice Judaism?

Judaism has been practiced in Europe since Roman times. Jews undertook continued migrations into and throughout Europe, in the process dividing into two distinct branches—the Ashkenazi and the Sephardi. Although the Holocaust and emigration greatly reduced their numbers in Europe—particularly in eastern Europe, where Jews once made up a large minority population—Jews are still found in urban areas throughout the continent.

Where did the Reformation take place?

Although rebellion took place in many parts of western Europe against the central church authority vested in Rome, the Reformation was successful mainly in the Germanic-speaking areas of Britain, northern Germany, the Netherlands, Scandinavia, and the adjacent regions of Finland, Estonia, and Latvia. London: Westminster Abbey.

What happened to Ireland in the 1840s?

Ireland, for instance, lost much of its population following the Irish Potato Famine of the 1840s. Emigrants from central, eastern, and southern Europe moved later, many in the early decades of the 20th century.

What are the three major divisions of Christianity?

Most Europeans adhere to one of three broad divisions of Christianity: Roman Catholicism in the west and southwest, Protestantism in the north, and Eastern Orthodoxy in the east and southeast. The divisions of Christianity are the result of historic schisms that followed its period of unity as the adopted state religion in the late stages of the Roman Empire. The first major religious split began in the 4th century, when pressure from “barbarian” tribes led to the division of the empire into western and eastern parts. The bishop of Rome became spiritual leader of the West, while the patriarch of Constantinople led the faith in the East; the final break occurred in 1054. The line adopted to divide the two parts of the empire remains very much a cultural discontinuity in the Balkan Peninsula today, separating Roman Catholic Croats, Slovenes, and Hungarians from Eastern Orthodox Montenegrins, Serbs, Bulgarians, Romanians, and Greeks. The second schism occurred in the 16th century within the western branch of the religion, when Martin Luther inaugurated the Protestant Reformation. Although rebellion took place in many parts of western Europe against the central church authority vested in Rome, the Reformation was successful mainly in the Germanic-speaking areas of Britain, northern Germany, the Netherlands, Scandinavia, and the adjacent regions of Finland, Estonia, and Latvia.

How many people left Europe in the 19th century?

During the 19th and 20th centuries, roughly 60 million people left Europe for overseas; more than half settled in the United States. Northwestern Europe—the British Isles, Scandinavia, and the Low Countries—contributed the largest share of emigrants, who settled, above all, where English was spoken.

What were push factors in the early 15th century?

The push factors often were sheer poverty, the desire to escape from persecution, or loss of jobs through economic change.

Where are Jews still found?

Although the Holocaust and emigration greatly reduced their numbers in Europe—particularly in eastern Europe, where Jews once made up a large minority population—Jews are still found in urban areas throughout the continent. Sefer Torah at Glockengasse Synagogue, Cologne, Germany.

What are the three methods of measuring religiousness?

There are three methods for measuring the religiousness of a population: affiliation, practice, and belief.

Why is the Netherlands shaded as "other"?

The Netherlands is shaded as "other" because it has no dominant religious group. Have students complete the worksheet by comparing and contrasting religious groups and political boundaries. As you walk around the class, check for student understanding of religious groups. 3.

Is Europe a Christian country?

Though Europe is predominantly Christian, this definition changes de pending upon which measurement is used. In the Balkans, a handful of states have a majority, plurality, or large minority of the population that is affiliated with Islam. These states include Albania, Kosovo, Bosnia Herzegovina, and Macedonia.

What did Muslims do to the Holy Land?

To many Christian thinkers, Muslims were former Christian heretics who worshipped Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam, and were guilty of occupying the Holy Land and threatening Christendom with military force. The First Crusade had been launched to liberate the Holy Land from Islamic rule, and later Crusades were undertaken to defend ...

What is the sacred text of revealed religions?

The sacred texts of revealed religions may be eternal and unchanging, but they are understood and applied by human beings living in time. Christians believed not only that the Jews had misunderstood Scripture, thus justifying the Christian reinterpretation of Jewish Scripture, but that all of Jewish Scripture had to be understood as containing only partial truth. The whole truth was comprehensible only when Jewish Scripture was interpreted correctly, in what Christians called a “spiritual” rather than merely a “carnal” manner.

What was the Crusade ideal?

But as a component of European culture, the Crusade ideal remained prominent, even in the 15th and 16th centuries, when the powerful Ottoman Empire indeed threatened to sweep over Mediterranean and southeastern Europe.

How did Western European states respond to the threat of mass immigration?

In reaction, Western European states began erecting new defences against the much mediatised threat of mass immigration by strengthening direct immigration control through severe visa regimes, internal surveillance and outsourcing border control on the external borders of the EU.

What countries have embraced multiculturalism?

It viewed them as temporary “guest workers” ( geist arbeiter ). The United Kingdom and the Netherlands embraced the notion of multiculturalism, by which the governments sought to maintain distinct cultural identities and customs. France, by contrast, professed a policy of assimilation by imposing its model of secularism.

Why don't Muslims integrate?

In other words, Muslims do not integrate because they are Muslims, and Islam is perceived as incompatible with Western culture and values. Thus, it is no surprise that Islam has been constructed as a problem.This shift in perception is synchronic with the advent, since 1979, of the so-called Islamic revival.

How did migrants contribute to the economic boom of many European states?

On the whole, these migrants contributed to the economic boom of many European states as they built roads and railroads, worked in the coal mines, cleaned streets and offices and, on the whole, did the jobs that Europeans were reluctant to do.

Where did the indigenous Muslims live?

1) Indigenous Muslims who have lived in Europe for many centuries, mainly in Bosnia, Albania and Kosovo, where Islam is a foundational element of their history, but also in Romania and Bulgaria, where they are a native minority, and Poland and Crimea, which is home to an old Tatar Muslim population.

When did Muslims start to conquer Europe?

The presence of Muslims in Europe is not a new phenomenon. Starting in 711, Muslims conquered large swathes of Northern Mediterranean shores and set up Caliphates and Emirates mainly in the Iberian Peninsula for more than seven centuries.

Which countries were most exposed to irregular migration?

Southern European countries were particularly exposed to irregular migration. At the beginning, Spain, Italy, Greece and Malta were transit countries and “stepping stones” for other destinations. But later, in the 1990s, they became countries of final destination for waves of irregular migrants.

What was the war of religion?

The European wars of religion were a series of wars waged in Europe during the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries. Fought after the Protestant Reformation began in 1517, the wars disrupted the religious and political order in the Catholic countries of Europe. Many historians have rejected the description of these conflicts as wars ...

What were the conflicts immediately connected with the Reformation?

Conflicts immediately connected with the Reformation: The Knights' Revolt (1522–1523) in the Holy Roman Empire. The First Dalecarlian Rebellion (1524–1525) in Sweden.

What wars were in the Holy Roman Empire?

The Schmalkaldic War (1546–1547) in the Holy Roman Empire. The Prayer Book Rebellion (1549) in England. The Battle of Sauðafell (1550) on Iceland. The Second Schmalkaldic War or Princes' Revolt (1552–1555) The French Wars of Religion (1562–1598) in France. The Eighty Years' War (1566/68–1648) in the Low Countries.

What wars were not caused by the Reformation?

Scholars have pointed out that some European wars of this period were not caused by disputes occasioned by the Reformation, such as the Italian Wars (1494–1559, only involving Catholics) and the Northern Seven Years' War (1563–1570, only involving Lutherans).

What wars were involved in the Spanish Succession?

These included the Savoyard–Waldensian wars (1655–1690), the Nine Years' War (1688–1697, including the Glorious Revolution and the Williamite War in Ireland ), and the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714). Whether these should be included in the European wars of religion depends on how one defines a ' war of religion ', ...

What wars were waged in the Westphalian period?

Although many European leaders were sickened by the bloodshed by 1648, smaller religious wars continued to be waged in the post-Westphalian period until the 1710s, including the Wars of the Three Kingdoms (1639–1651) on the British Isles, the Savoyard–Waldensian wars (1655–1690), and the Toggenburg War (1712) in the Western Alps.

Where did Lutheranism originate?

Lutheranism, from its inception at Wittenberg in 1517, found a ready reception in Germany, as well as German-speaking parts of Hussite Bohemia (where the Hussite Wars took place from 1419 to 1434, and Hussites remained a majority of the population until the 1620 Battle of White Mountain ).

How were Roman soldiers treated?

Roman soldiers and officers were treated with respect and honor, and this was certainly extended to their proper medical treatment. Roman military hospitals have been found as far north as the Rhine river in Germany. Surgeries, splints, drainage tubes, and healing salves were applied to wounds.

What is Greek medicine?

Overall, Greek medicine combined a philosophy of proper living, with regular exercise, proper diet, and massage, augmented by herbal drugs and regular visits to a healing temple for ritual devotions and tribute .

What kind of specialists would typically provide specific treatments including surgeries and amputations at the home of the patient?

Physicians, surgeons, and other specialists would typically provide specific treatments including surgeries and amputations at the home of the patient. Both Greek and Roman cultures were engaged in bloody wars and found it necessary to make advances in the medical treatment of wounds and illnesses.

What did Hippocrates advocate?

Hippocrates advocated a proper moral philosophy, bathing, sex, and sleep. However, for all the intellectual interest they had in medicine, the ancient Greeks had little interest in hospitals. Roman culture gradually adopted the Greek system of medicine, but Rome's greatest contribution to medicine was the organization of medical schools, ...

How many beds did the hospital in Jerusalem have?

The hospital in Jerusalem had over 200 beds by the mid-sixth century, and St. Sampson's Hospital in Constantinople was even larger, ...

Why did Rome have a drainage system?

Roman cities and towns also constructed sanitary drainage systems and large aqueducts to provide clean water supplies. When Rome fell, it was plagued by a failure of its drainage systems and the subsequent increase in associated diseases, notably malaria.

Which school of medicine advocated the careful study of the patient and the illness?

The Hippocratic school of medicine, which advocated the careful study of the patient and the illness, can be considered the first major advance in medical care and treatment, and it began the separation of medicine from religion.

What do Christian scientists believe?

Christian Scientists. Christian Scientists believe that the primary method of healing should be through prayer, and many members have in the past been against modern medical treatments. There have been measles outbreaks among Christian Scientists, and studies have shown that mortality levels were high.

Why don't Jehovah's Witnesses eat blood?

Just be firmly resolved not to eat the blood, because the blood is the life, and you must not eat the life with the flesh. - Deuteronomy 12:23. That’s just one of several Old and New Testament scriptures used by Jehovah’s Witnesses to explain why their religion refuses to accept blood transfusions. cnn/alberto mier.

Why don't Amish people have heart transplants?

The Amish will not allow heart transplants and, in some cases, heart surgery because they view the heart as “the soul of the body.” Children who have not been baptized are exempt from that restriction.

Do Amish people seek medical attention?

An Amish horse-drawn buggy. Though the religion does not forbid its members from seeking medical attention, many Amish are reluctant to do so unless absolutely necessary. They believe that God is the ultimate healer, and they are likely to turn to folk remedies, herbal teas and other more “natural” antidotes.

Do Seventh Day Adventists have medical issues?

In fact, Seventh-day Adventists have no issue with standard medical treatment but do emphasize a holistic approach to health, which they practice in their not-for-profit Adventist hospital system, with divisions around the world.

Did Prince have surgery?

Pop icon Prince was a Jehovah’s Witness, and it was widely speculated that he may have avoided surgery for a painful hip because of his religion. Hip replacement surgery commonly requires a blood transfusion during or immediately after. His autopsy, however, showed a scar on his left hip.

Does Copeland believe in medical treatment?

Copeland is not the first evangelical to call for limited medical treatment. Some fundamentalists don’t believe in medications or psychological treatments for mental illness . Small groups of faith healers believe that prayer can heal and shun conventional medical support.

What is religious persecution?

Religious persecution is the systematic mistreatment of an individual or a group of individuals as a response to their religious beliefs or affiliations or their lack thereof. The tendency of societies or groups within societies to alienate or repress different subcultures is a recurrent theme in human history.

Why were Catholics put to death?

More than 300 Roman Catholics were put to death for treason by English governments between 1535 and 1681, thus they were executed for secular rather than religious offenses. In 1570, Pope Pius V issued his papal bull Regnans in Excelsis, which absolved Catholics from their obligations to the government. This dramatically worsened the persecution of Catholics in England. English governments continued to fear the fictitious Popish Plot. The 1584 Parliament of England, declared in " An Act against Jesuits, seminary priests, and such other like disobedient persons " that the purpose of Jesuit missionaries who had come to Britain was "to stir up and move sedition, rebellion and open hostility". Consequently, Jesuit priests like Saint John Ogilvie were hanged. This somehow contrasts with the image of the Elizabethan era as the time of William Shakespeare, but compared to the antecedent Marian Persecutions there is an important difference to consider. Mary I of England had been motivated by a religious zeal to purge heresy from her land, and during her short reign from 1553 to 1558 about 290 Protestants had been burned at the stake for heresy, whereas Elizabeth I of England "acted out of fear for the security of her realm."

What is the most ambitious chronicle of that time?

The most ambitious chronicle of that time is W.K.Jordan 's magnum opus The Development of Religious Toleration in England, 1558-1660 (four volumes, published 1932–1940). Jordan wrote as the threat of fascism rose in Europe, and this work is seen as a defense of the fragile values of humanism and tolerance.

What is the persecution of beliefs?

The persecution of beliefs that are deemed schismatic is one thing; the persecution of beliefs that are deemed heretical or blasphemous is another. Although a public disagreement on secondary matters might be serious enough, it has often only led to religious discrimination. A public renunciation of the core elements of a religious doctrine under the same circumstances would, on the other hand, have put one in far greater danger. While dissenters from the official Church only faced fines and imprisonment in Protestant England, six people were executed for heresy or blasphemy during the reign of Elizabeth I, and two more were executed in 1612 under James I.

What does Grim and Finke say about religious freedom?

Grim and Finke say their studies indicate that the higher the degree of religious freedom, the lower the degree of violent religious persecution. "When religious freedoms are denied through the regulation of religious profession or practice, violent religious persecution and conflict increase.".

What is the causal aspect of persecution?

From a sociological perspective, the identity formation of strong social groups such as those generated by nationalism, ethnicity, or religion , is a causal aspect of practices of persecution. Hans G. Kippenberg [ de] says it is these communities, who can be a majority or a minority, that generate violence.

How long have Yazidis been persecuted?

The Persecution of Yazidis has been ongoing since at least the 10th century. The Yazidi religion is regarded as devil worship by Islamists. Yazidis have been persecuted by Muslim Kurdish tribes since the 10th century, and by the Ottoman Empire from the 17th to the 20th centuries. After the 2014 Sinjar massacre of thousands of Yazidis by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, Yazidis still face violence from the Turkish Armed Forces and its ally the Syrian National Army, as well as discrimination from the Kurdistan Regional Government. According to Yazidi tradition (based on oral traditions and folk songs), estimated that 74 genocides against the Yazidis have been carried out in the past 800 years.

Overview

Religiosity

Abrahamic religions

Deism

Irreligion

European neopaganism

Official religions

Indian religions

Overview

Church and state

Secularisation

Religiosity

Diversity

See also

External links