What are the treatment options for hyperprolactinemia?
Background: Dopamine agonists such as bromocriptine and cabergoline have been found to be an effective treatment for hyperprolactinemia, not only inducing adenoma shrinkage but also lowering serum prolactin levels. Among known dopamine agonists, cabergoline is the drug of choice due to its enhanced tolerability compared with bromocriptine.
Which drugs cause hyperprolactinemia?
Medical treatment of hyperprolactinemia is based upon use of dopamine agonists (DA): bromocriptine, lisuride, quinagolide and cabergoline. In over 80% of cases, these drugs induce normal prolactinemia and ovulatory cycles. In resistant cases, the DA should be changed.
What is the prognosis of hyperprolactinemia?
Jan 29, 2008 · There are a number of standard options to achieve this: 2 The medications Parlodel (bromocriptine) and Dostinex (cabergoline) are known to be effective in reducing prolactin... Surgery may sometimes be used to remove a pituitary tumor if the medications are not working or are poorly tolerated. ...
What are potential complications of hyperprolactinemia?
Feb 01, 2011 · Practice guidelines are presented for diagnosis and treatment of patients with elevated prolactin levels. These include: evidence-based approaches to assessing the cause of hyperprolactinemia. treating drug-induced hyperprolactinemia. and managing prolactinomas in nonpregnant and pregnant subjects. Indications and side effects of therapeutic agents for …
What is the best treatment for high prolactin?
Treatment for high prolactin levels Dopamine agonists such as bromocriptine (Parlodel and Cycloset) are the most common treatment for high levels of prolactin. These medications help the brain produce dopamine to control high prolactin levels. They can also shrink prolactinoma tumors.
Can hyperprolactinemia be cured?
Typically, hyperprolactinemia is treatable. Treatment will depend on what's causing excess prolactin secretion. If you have a tumor, you may need surgery to remove the tumor and return your pituitary gland to normal.Nov 20, 2018
How long does it take to treat hyperprolactinemia?
Prolactin levels usually fall within the first two to three weeks of treatment, but detectable decreases in adenoma size take more time, usually several weeks to months.May 10, 2021
What is the most common cause of hyperprolactinemia?
Prolactinomas. A prolactinoma is the most common cause of hyperprolactinemia. A prolactinoma is a benign (noncancerous) tumor that forms in your pituitary gland and causes excess production of prolactin.Jan 5, 2022
What is the best treatment for hyperprolactinemia?
There are a number of standard options to achieve this: 2. The medications Parlodel (bromocriptine) and Dostinex (cabergoline) are known to be effective in reducing prolactin levels and shrinking pituitary tumors.
What are the symptoms of hyperprolactinemia?
The symptoms of hyperprolactinemia in women can vary. When occurring outside of pregnancy or breastfeeding, they may include: Infertility. Galactorrhea (abnormal lactation) Infrequent or irregular periods. Amenorrhea (disappearance of periods) Loss of libido. Breast pain.
Why is prolactin elevated?
Prolactin levels may be elevated for any number of reasons. One of the more common causes is the formation of a benign tumor on the pituitary gland. This noncancerous growth, known as a prolactinoma, directly secretes excessive prolactin while decreasing the levels of other sex hormones. 1.
Who is Nicole Galan?
Nicole Galan, RN, is a registered nurse and the author of "The Everything Fertility Book.". Lindsey Waldman, MD, RD, is a board-certified pediatrician and pediatric endocrinologist. Hyperprolactinemia is a state characterized by high levels of a hormone called prolactin in the blood.
What are the symptoms of vaginal dryness?
Common signs and symptoms include: 2. Erectile dysfunction.
Who is Lindsey Waldman?
Lindsey Waldman, MD, RD, is a board-certified pediatrician and pediatric endocrinologist. Hyperprolactinemia is a state characterized by high levels of a hormone called prolactin in the blood. Prolactin is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a vital role in the development of the breasts during pregnancy.
Objective
The aim was to formulate practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia.
Introduction
Testing for hyperprolactinemia is straightforward, owing to the ease of ordering a serum prolactin measurement. Accordingly, an evidence-based, cost-effective approach to management of this relatively common endocrine disorder is required.
Conclusions
Practice guidelines are presented for diagnosis and treatment of patients with elevated prolactin levels.
What is Hyperprolactinemia?
Hyperprolactinemia is a condition characterized by excess prolactin, the hormone responsible for milk production in a woman's breasts.
How is hyperprolactinemia diagnosed?
Diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia is based on a patient’s individual symptoms and medical history. The specialists at the Johns Hopkins Pituitary Center will utilize a number of diagnostic technologies and methods, which may include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a single blood draw, or more complex hormonal, dynamic testing.
Treatment for hyperprolactinemia
The decision for the best approach to treatment for Hyperprolactinemia is made only after a review by the Pituitary Center’s multi-disciplinary faculty. Depending on the condition and specific factors including the patient’s age, previous medical history and overall health, we may recommend a variety of different treatment options.
What is the best treatment for prolactinomas?
The first step in treating this tumor is a prescription medicine that lowers prolactin production and decreases tumor size. The drug most often used is cabergoline, but bromocriptine is another option. Both medications work well for most people with prolactinomas.
What is it called when you have high prolactin levels?
Idiopathic hyperpro lactinemia. Sometimes doctors cannot find a cause for hyperprolactinemia. This is called idiopathic. In some patients with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia, the high prolactin levels return to normal on their own.
Why is prolactin high?
In other cases, prolactin can become too high because of a disease or the use of certain medications. Often, the cause is a prolactin-making tumor on the pituitary gland, called a prolactinoma. This tumor is almost always benign, meaning not cancerous.
What is the name of the hormone that is made by the pituitary gland?
Hyperprolactinemia is the name for higher-than-normal blood levels of the hormone prolactin. This hormone is made by the pituitary gland, which is located at the base of the brain. The main function of prolactin is to stimulate breast milk production after childbirth. High prolactin levels are normal during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
