What causes adrenal insufficiency?
The most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency is autoimmune adrenalitis (Addison disease), associated with increased levels of 21-hydroxylase antibodies. [1][2] Nursing Diagnosis. The risk for infection related to immunocompromise as evidence by fever.
What is the diagnosis of adrenal crisis?
In many cases, the diagnosis is made only after the patient is presented with an acute adrenal crisis (hypotension, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia ) precipitated by a stressful illness or triggering factors such as infection, trauma, surgery, vomiting, and diarrhea.
What is the diagnosis of Addison disease?
Addison disease is an acquired primary adrenal insufficiency, a rare but potentially life-threatening endocrine disorder that results from bilateral adrenal cortex destruction leading to decreased production of adrenocortical hormones , including cortisol, aldosterone, ...
What is the name of the antibody that is used to detect autoimmune disease?
Increased plasma renin activity (PRA) can be seen, often late in the course of the disease (due to mineralocorticoid deficiency). Anti-adrenal antibodies (such as 21-hydroxylase antibodies) serve as the markers of autoimmune destruction of the adrenal gland.
What is the normal replacement fluid after a saline bolus?
The typical replacement fluid after a normal saline bolus is D5 normal saline. Beware that if left untreated, adrenal crisis can be fatal. The typical replacement oral dose of hydrocortisone is 10 to 15 mg/m2/day divided into two to three doses in adults.
What is the definition of electrolyte imbalance?
Electrolyte imbalance. Irregular heartbeat or dysrhythmia. Coordination of Care. Addison disease is a serious life-threatening disorder that affects many organs. If the diagnosis is delayed, it carries very high morbidity and mortality.
What can a nurse do to help a patient with corticosteroid?
Physicians, nurses, and pharmacists can do this. Nurses administer treatments, monitor patients, and provide updates to the team . Once the diagnosis is made, the outcomes depend on the primary cause. Any delay in starting corticosteroid treatment can lead to mortality rates exceeding 50%.