Treatment FAQ

what is the drug of choice for the treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis

by Mrs. Carmella Towne DVM Published 2 years ago Updated 2 years ago
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PENICILLIN. For almost five decades, penicillin has been the drug of choice for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. This antibiotic has proven efficacy and safety, a narrow spectrum of activity and low cost.Apr 15, 2001

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What is Group A strep?

Streptococcus pyogenes, which are also called group A Streptococcus or group A strep, cause acute pharyngitis known as strep throat. Group A strep pharyngitis is an infection of the oropharynx caused by S. pyogenes. S. pyogenes are gram-positive cocci that grow in chains ( see figure 1 ).

Should you treat non Group A strep?

Nongroup A beta-hemolytic streptococci (groups C and G) also can cause acute pharyngitis; these strains are usually treated with antibiotics, although good clinical trials are lacking.

What group does Streptococcus belong to?

  • The Lancefield classification system for bacteria
  • Features of streptococcus cells
  • Group A streptococcus (or GAS) facts
  • Five diseases caused by GAS
  • Group B streptococcus (or GBS) facts
  • Adult and infant problems caused by GBS

What is Streptococcus group?

Streptococcus, (genus Streptococcus), group of spheroidal bacteria belonging to the family Streptococcaceae. The term streptococcus (“twisted berry”) refers to the bacteria’s characteristic grouping in chains that resemble a string of beads. Streptococci are microbiologically characterized as gram-positive and nonmotile.

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Which is the drug of choice for group A streptococcal pharyngitis?

Penicillin or amoxicillin is the antibiotic of choice to treat group A strep pharyngitis. There has never been a report of a clinical isolate of group A strep that is resistant to penicillin. However, resistance to azithromycin and clarithromycin is common in some communities.

What antibiotics treat group A streptococcus?

Group A streptococcus bacteria can be treated with common, inexpensive antibiotics. Penicillin is the drug of choice for both mild and severe disease. For penicillin-allergic patients with mild illness, erythromycin can be used, although occasional resistance has been seen.

Which drug is the drug of choice for treating most streptococcal infections?

To date, S pyogenes has remained universally susceptible to penicillin. Therefore, penicillin remains the first-line drug of choice for pharyngeal infections, as well as for complicated or invasive infections.

Which is true for treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis?

A number of antibiotics have been shown to be effective in treating group A streptococcal pharyngitis. These include penicillin and its congeners (such as ampicillin, amoxicillin, and the semisynthetic penicillins), as well as numerous cephalosporins and macrolides and clindamycin.

Which is better for strep throat amoxicillin or cephalexin?

The Infectious Disease Society maintains in its guidelines that amoxicillin is the first choice for group A streptococcal pharyngitis. Cephalexin is an acceptable alternative for patients with a penicillin-related allergy.

What is the drug of choice for streptococcus pyogenes?

The drug of choice for treatment of bacterial pharyngitis is oral penicillin for 10 days or IM benzathine penicillin. This treatment is cost-effective and has a narrow spectrum of activity. Severe invasive S. pyogenes infections can be treated with vancomycin or clindamycin.

What is flagyl used for?

Metronidazole is an antibiotic that is used to treat a wide variety of infections. It works by stopping the growth of certain bacteria and parasites. This antibiotic treats only certain bacterial and parasitic infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu).

Does tetracycline treat strep throat?

Patients with strep throat should be treated with penicillin or amoxicillin (which must be taken for 10 days) and not with tetracycline, which has a strong link to anti-resistant infections.

What is clindamycin used for?

Clindamycin is used to treat bacterial infections. This medicine may be given to patients who have had an allergic reaction to penicillin. Clindamycin will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.

How is Group C strep treated?

Non–group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (groups C and G) also can cause acute pharyngitis; these strains are usually treated with antibiotics, although good clinical trials are lacking.

Is azithromycin good for strep throat?

Z-Pack is a form of the brand-name drug Zithromax, which contains the antibiotic azithromycin. Azithromycin is an antibiotic that can treat strep throat, though it's not a common choice for this infection.

What antibiotics treat strep throat besides penicillin?

Kids or adults who are allergic to penicillin may be able to take one of these antibiotics instead: Azithromycin (Zithromax, Zmax, Z-Pak) Cephalosporins, including cefixime (Suprax), cefuroxime (Ceftin), and cephalexin (Keflex) Clarithromycin (Biaxin)

What is the best antibiotic for pharyngitis?

Amoxicillin is a drug of choice for GAS pharyngitis. It is a derivative of ampicillin and has a similar antibacterial spectrum. With a bactericidal action comparable to penicillin, amoxicillin acts on susceptible bacteria during the multiplication stage by inhibiting cell-wall mucopeptide biosynthesis.

What is the best treatment for streptococcal skin infection?

Vigorous supportive care, including fluids, pressors, and mechanical ventilation, is also a critical aspect of management of invasive streptococcal skin and soft-tissue infections. Prompt surgical drainage, débridement, fasciotomy, or amputation may be indicated.

What is Penicillin VK?

View full drug information. Penicillin VK is a drug of choice for GAS pharyngitis. It inhibits the biosynthesis of cell-wall mucopeptides. This agent elicits bactericidal effects against sensitive organisms when adequate concentrations are reached and is most effective during the stage of active multiplication.

Is penicillin a first line antibiotic?

Medication Summary. To date, S pyogenes has remained universally susceptible to penicillin. Therefore, penicillin remains the first-line drug of choice for pharyngeal infections , as well as for complicated or invasive infections. European surveillance in Italy found that 32% of group A streptococcal isolates exhibited resistance to macrolides.

What countries have erythromycin resistance?

France has reported a steady escalation of erythromycin resistance in group A streptococci (GAS), reaching 23% to date. Portugal identified 11% of GAS isolates as resistant to macrolides. Resistance in other European countries during the 1990s fell between 1% and 7%.

Can you use penicillin for a GAS infection?

Patients with invasive GAS infections (eg, necrotizing fasciitis, TSS, sepsis) should be treated with IV penicillin in combination with clindamycin. Because the pathophysiology of invasive GAS infection is largely toxin mediated, the use of a protein synthesis inhibitor (eg, clindamycin) offers a theoretical advantage.

Is cephalosporin effective for streptococcal pharyngitis?

Oral cephalosporins are effective in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. Short-course regimens of oral cephalosporin therapy have been studied and offer obvious advantages from a compliance perspective. However, this must be balanced against the higher cost and unnecessarily broad spectrum of these agents.

What are the drugs used for strep throat?

The following list of medications are in some way related to, or used in the treatment of this condition. Select drug class All drug classes quinolones (2) second generation cephalosporins (3) third generation cephalosporins (1) beta-lactamase inhibitors (4) macrolides (10) Rx. OTC.

What is the best medicine for a sore throat?

Other remedies that can help relieve the symptoms of a sore throat include: Acetaminophen or ibuprofen to relieve pain. Lemon and honey warm drinks, tea. Cool liquids or iceblocks to help numb the throat. Sucking throat lozenges.

What is a strep throat?

Strep throats are a type of bacterial sore throat caused by Streptococcus pyrogene bacteria, a type of Group A streptococci. They are common in children aged five to fifteen years, but rare in children under the age of three. Generally, Strep sore throats tend to be very painful and symptoms persist for a lot longer than sore throats due ...

How do you know if you have a strep throat?

Other symptoms that are more likely to occur with a Strep throat include: A very red and swollen-looking throat and tonsils; sometimes streaks of pus or red spots on the roof of the mouth are visible. Headache. Fever and Chills. Swollen and tender glands (lymph nodes) in the neck. Vomiting or nausea (mostly in children).

How to treat a sore throat?

Other remedies that can help relieve the symptoms of a sore throat include: 1 Acetaminophen or ibuprofen to relieve pain 2 Lemon and honey warm drinks, tea 3 Cool liquids or iceblocks to help numb the throat 4 Sucking throat lozenges 5 Apple cider vinegar 6 Marshmallow root 7 Slippery elm.

Can rheumatic fever cause a strep throat?

Rheumatic fever can also develop following a Strep throat infection or scarlet fever. Rheumatic fever has the potential to cause life-long cardiac problems if not treated promptly or properly and it can also affect the joints, skin, and the brain. Symptoms of rheumatic fever include: Fever. Abdominal pain.

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