- Growth hormone. Growth hormone therapy — usually given daily as an injection of recombinant human growth hormone — is typically recommended to increase height as much as possible at appropriate times during early childhood until the early teen years. ...
- Estrogen therapy.
Medication
Some hospitals have dedicated Turner syndrome clinics with a number of specialists, including:
- a paediatric endocrinologist – a specialist in conditions that affect the hormones of children and teenagers
- a psychologist – a specialist in managing emotional, behavioural and educational problems
- a gynaecologist – a specialist in treating conditions that affect the female reproductive system
Procedures
- FORD CE, JONES KW, POLANI PE, DE ALMEIDA JC, BRIGGS JH. ...
- Robinson A. ...
- MACLEAN N, HARNDEN DG, BROWN WM, BOND J, MANTLE DJ. ...
- Liddell FD. ...
- Price WH, Clayton JF, Collyer S, de Mey R. ...
- LEMLI L, SMITH DW. ...
- FERGUSON-SMITH MA, ALEXANDER DS, BOWEN P, GOODMAN RM, KAUFMANN BN, JONES HW, Jr, HELLER RH. ...
- Palmer CG, Reichmann A. ...
- ENGEL E, FORBES AP. ...
Therapy
What life is like with turners syndrome? Girls with Turner syndrome usually have normal intelligence, but some may have learning problems, particularly in math. Many also struggle with tasks requiring spatial skills, such as map reading or visual organization. Hearing problems are more common in girls with TS.
Self-care
The survival rate of people with Turner syndrome is typically good. The survival rate of people with Turner syndrome is typically good. Life expectancy is slightly shorter than average but can be improved by treating underlying chronic illnesses, such as obesity and hypertension. Heart disease is an important cause of death in these individuals.
Nutrition
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What are common treatments for Turner syndrome?
What is the life expectancy of someone with Turner syndrome?
What is life like with Turner syndrome?
What is the survival rate of Turner syndrome?
What are some possible treatments for Turner syndrome?
What are common treatments for Turner syndrome?Human growth hormone. If given in early childhood, hormone injections can often increase adult height by a few inches.Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT). ERT can help start the secondary sexual development that normally begins at puberty (around age 12).
How is Turner syndrome treated managed?
Girls with Turner syndrome are entitled to receive high-dose growth hormone therapy as soon as it becomes apparent that they're not growing normally. It will help make them taller in adulthood. Growth hormone therapy is a daily injection, started at around 5 or 6 years of age or later.
Why is Turner syndrome not curable?
Because TS is a chromosomal disorder, there's no cure for the condition. But a number of treatments can help: Growth hormone, either alone or with other hormone treatment, may improve growth and will usually increase final adult height — often into the normal range if treatment is started early enough.
How much is the treatment for Turner syndrome?
Growth treatment is expensive, costing as much as $10,000 to $60,000 a year in the United States. Treatment for Turner Syndrome is considered medically necessary and is covered by most insurance companies. Pharmaceutical companies provide support to those in need.
What is hormone therapy for Turner syndrome?
Hormones for healthy female sex development. Like growth hormone, estrogen replacement therapy is a standard treatment for Turner syndrome (TS). The purpose of estrogen therapy is two-fold—to prompt the body into beginning puberty and to maintain healthy sexual development and functioning throughout adulthood.
How long does someone with Turner syndrome live?
The prognosis, or outlook, for women with Turner syndrome (TS) is usually good. Life expectancy for Turner syndrome might be slightly shorter, but by testing for and treating the conditions that come with TS, women with TS can expect to live essentially normal lives.
What part of the body does Turner syndrome generally affect?
Overview. Turner syndrome, a condition that affects only females, results when one of the X chromosomes (sex chromosomes) is missing or partially missing. Turner syndrome can cause a variety of medical and developmental problems, including short height, failure of the ovaries to develop and heart defects.
Is Turner syndrome a disability?
Turner syndrome is not considered a disability, although it can cause certain learning challenges, including with learning mathematics and with memory. Most girls and women with Turner syndrome lead normal, healthy, productive lives with proper medical care.
How can I help my child with Turner syndrome?
Treatments such as growth hormone injections and estrogen replacement therapy can help treat Turner syndrome symptoms. Your child's physician will recommend treatment that meets her unique needs.
What is the best way to take estrogen?
You can take estrogen in the form of a pill, patch, gel, vaginal cream, or slow-releasing suppository or ring that you place in your vagina. If you experience only vaginal symptoms related to menopause, estrogen in a low-dose vaginal cream, tablet or ring is usually a better choice than an oral pill or a skin patch.
What age is best for growth hormone treatment?
GH injections are quick and almost pain-free, so children ages 10 and up may be able to and often prefer to give themselves their own injections. It is important that a parent supervises the injection to make sure the child gives the correct dosage each day. Parents should give the injections to younger children.
Can Turner syndrome be misdiagnosed?
The discrepancies between the blood and skin karyotypes found in our patients mean that previous cases of Turner's syndrome have been undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. We suggest that in some cases of Turner's syndrome the abnormal cell lines die out in the bone marrow, thereby leaving the 46, XX cell line.
Why is Turner syndrome important?
Because Turner syndrome can result in various developmental problems and medical complications, several specialists may be involved in screening for specific conditions, making diagnoses, recommending treatments and providing care. Teams may evolve as the needs of girls with Turner syndrome change throughout life.
What is the diagnosis of Turner syndrome?
A diagnosis is sometimes made during fetal development. Certain features on an ultrasound image may raise suspicion that your baby has Turner syndrome or another genetic condition affecting development in the womb. Prenatal screening tests that evaluate the baby's DNA in the mother's blood (prenatal cell-free DNA screening or noninvasive prenatal ...
How does Oxandrolone help Turner syndrome?
Estrogen therapy. Most girls with Turner syndrome need to start estrogen and related hormone therapy in order to begin puberty. Often, estrogen therapy is started around age 11 or 12 years.
What is Turner Syndrome Society?
The Turner Syndrome Society of the United States and other organizations provide educational materials, resources for families and information about support groups. Groups for parents provide an opportunity to exchange ideas, develop coping strategies and locate resources.
What test is done to determine if a child has Turner syndrome?
If, based on signs and symptoms, the doctor suspects that your child has Turner syndrome, a lab test will typically be done to analyze your child's chromosomes. The test involves a blood sample. Occasionally, your doctor also may request a cheek scraping (buccal smear) or skin sample. The chromosome analysis determines whether or not there is ...
Why is it important to have regular checkups for Turner syndrome?
It's important to help your child prepare for the transition from care with your pediatrician to adult medical and mental health care.
Can you get pregnant with Turner syndrome?
Some women with Turner syndrome can become pregnant with the donation of an egg or embryo. This requires a specially designed hormone therapy to prepare the uterus for pregnancy. A reproductive endocrinologist can discuss options and help evaluate the chances of success.
What doctor treats Turner syndrome?
an adult endocrinologist. a cardiologist – a heart specialist. an obstetrician – a specialist in pregnancy and birth. If a girl or woman is diagnosed with Turner syndrome, the following areas may be monitored throughout her life.
Why is Turner syndrome important?
Regular health checks and preventative care and treatment are important for girls and women with Turner syndrome. This is because of the risk of complications. Some hospitals have dedicated Turner syndrome clinics with a number of specialists, including: a paediatric endocrinologist – a specialist in conditions that affect the hormones ...
What is Turner syndrome?
Women with Turner syndrome have an increased risk of developing brittle bones (osteoporosis) in late adulthood. Bone mineral density can be measured at regular intervals using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan to assess any change with time.
Do girls with Turner syndrome have intelligence?
Most girls with Turner syndrome have a normal level of intelligence, but some may have specific learning difficulties and require extra support. It's important to get help if your daughter is affected. Not all aspects of ability are affected equally, so an experienced psychologist should be asked to give an opinion.
Can a woman with Turner syndrome have children?
Most women with Turner syndrome are unable to have children (infertile). A minority will be able to conceive naturally, so girls and women with Turner syndrome should have access to sexual health and contraception advice.
Can Turner syndrome cause hearing loss?
During childhood, middle ear infections (otitis media) are more likely to develop and need to be treated quickly. Women with Turner syndrome can lose their hearing more quickly than people without Turner syndrome may do. This can reduce their ability to interact socially.
Is Turner syndrome a high blood pressure?
Blood pressure. High blood pressure (hypertension) is quite common in women with Turner syndrome, so it's important blood pressure is checked regularly and treated, if necessary. This may be related to underlying heart or kidney problems.
What is the treatment for Turner syndrome?
Hormone Treatment Therapy. Hormone treatment therapy has become a reliable method of improving the development of patients with Turner Syndrome. They can undergo either growth hormone therapy or estrogen replacement therapy. However, both are recommended treatments to ensure that patients with TS age healthily.
How tall is a woman with Turner syndrome?
The average height of an adult woman with Turner Syndrome is 4 ft. 8 in, and 95% of all individuals with TS are affected by short stature. It is the most consistent and readily recognizable clinical feature of TS.
How long does a child with TS take growth hormone?
A child with TS will usually take growth hormone until their height velocity decreases to about 2 cm with a bone age of at least 13-14 years. Bone age does not necessarily correlate with the age of the patient, which means it is possible for a child to take growth hormone beyond 14 years of age.
What to do if you can't do injections alone?
If you can’t do the injections alone, having a support system (friends, neighbors, etc.) is helpful. Ensuring your child has a nighttime routine can also help to make things run more smoothly.
When to start progesterone treatment?
The therapy process tends to start with progesterone in the early stages of menstruation, and will continue through the adjustment of estradiol levels in the blood for the remainder of the treatment. Dosages may be increased gradually as it would with spontaneous pubertal development.
Can you get compensation for Turner syndrome?
However, the Turner Syndrome Clinical Practice Guidelines indicate that due to the medical necessity of hormone treatment in Turner Syndrome, patients who are un-insured or unable to afford the financial costs are entitled to compensation. For more information about reimbursement programs click here.
What is growth hormone treatment?
Growth Hormone treatment, [somatropin (rDNA origin) injection, often referred to as GH, is recommended for girls with Turner Syndrome and requires daily injections of growth hormone once the child drops below the 5th percentile in height. Injections are given subcutaneously at night in attempt to mimic the natural secretion ...
Is Turner syndrome covered by insurance?
Treatment for Turner Syndrome is considered medically necessary and is covered by most insurance companies. Pharmaceutical companies provide support to those in need. If you are uninsured or unable to afford treatment, a treating physician should provide necessary support to appeal for insurance coverage; clinical guidelines for TS indicate ...
