What is a sailor course used for?
What is a sailor course? Sailor A sailor course is similar to the soldier course but with the wide edge facing out. It is used for decorative effects (vertical, long, wide). This type of course is often used as the top course or cap of garden walls and as window and door sills (horizontal, short, narrow side laid on narrow edge).
What is an edge course?
Edge courses are the blocks, bricks or other paver units used at the edge of a pavement. Sometimes referred to as Soldier Courses, their main function is to provide a robust restraint for the paving, to prevent it spreading and losing its load-bearing capability. Let's start with a pictorial definition.... Edge course for block pavement.
What is a retaining edge course?
The key feature of the retaining edge course is that it must be capable of withstanding the lateral pressures exerted by the pavement and its traffic. There are a number of ways of achieving this, but the most commonly used method in Britain and Ireland is to use a mass concrete bed and haunch.
What is a triple stretcher course for an edge course?
Another triple stretcher course, using marigold (buff-orange) blocks to contrast with the charcoal body of the pavement. A quadruple stretcher edge course is about as far as is reasonable for an edge course.
What is a sailor course?
Sailor course: Rectangular pavers are laid lengthwise in one or multiple rows. Inlaid borders: Contrasting borders are laid further inside the field pavers for a striking look.
What is the sailing term for no wind?
Tide Over Not to be confused with "tied over," this phrase has its origins in seafaring. When there was no wind to fill the sails, sailors would float with the tide until the wind returned. They would "tide over."
What do sailors say when they see land?
“Ahoy!” – sailors would use this exclamation among themselves to call out to each other. “Land Ho!” – an exclamation that a sailor would make when they spotted the land.
What is an asa logbook?
The ASA Log Book By virtue of the American Sailing Association's stature in the sailing world, the Logbook is also something of a sailing passport. It is a living document that not only chronicles certification connected requirements, but can be used to keep a record of any and all sea-hours accrued along the way.
Why do sailors say 2 6?
"Two, six, heave" is a phrase used to coordinate seamen's pulling. As used by sailors, the person at the front of the team will typically call out the "two, six" part of the chant. During this phase all members move their hands up the line ready to pull.
What does red on deck mean in sailing?
Port (direction). The left side of a boat when facing the bow. Signified by Red. The opposite side from Starboard. Trick to remember - 'After a party, there's no red port left”.
How do you say goodbye to a sailor?
Answer: It is common to wish a sailor goodbye by using the term: "may you have fair winds and following seas". The use of the expression "fair winds" is used to wish a person a safe journey or good fortune. Whilst "following seas" is used to express a smooth journey.
What is a slang word for sailor?
salt (slang) seafarer. seaman. shipman. squid (slang, mildly pejorative)
What do you say when a sailor dies?
“Fair winds and following seas” is a common phrase for those in the United States Navy, where it's used to say farewell to those retiring or leaving for deployment.
What is ASA certification?
The American Sailing Association provides standards for progressive sailing certification programs, including: Keelboat Sailing, Small Boat Sailing, and Multihull Sailing. In addition, ASA provides standards for a number of endorsements, which are intended to supplement the main certification series.
How do you fill out a sailing log book?
0:142:08How to Set Up a Navigation Logbook for Sailing or Cruising - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipLine closest to your vessel determine the magnetic course. And write the distance run along with theMoreLine closest to your vessel determine the magnetic course. And write the distance run along with the latitude longitude. And navigation method or methods.
How do you keep a sailing log?
Keep your boat log in a safe area where you can access it in a moment's notice. In an emergency, your log needs to go with you, along with your “ditch kit”. Once you fill up your logbook, put it into a plastic, waterproof bag to protect it from mold, mildew, or water damage.
Why do the edges of a block pavement collapse?
In many cases where the edges of a block pavement have collapsed, as in the photo above, it is because the edge blocks were laid on a sand bed and the haunching was a token gesture at best . There are no excuses for this type of workmanship. It is shoddy and would not be acceptable under site conditions.
Why do you need to lay a camber on a pavement?
Some pavements, particularly those for commercial or industrial projects, are constructed with a camber, and so the main body of paving is shaped to drain towards the edges. These edges need to be accurately laid to ensure that they direct the surface water to a suitable disposal point, such as a gully or linear drain . Even on smaller pavements, laying the edge courses to pre-determined falls and levels can help ensure that the completed pavement will drain, and that there will be no puddles or standing water.
What holds the edge units in a fixed position in terms of lateral movement?
The concrete bed holds the edge units in a fixed position in terms of surface level and adds mass to the retaining structure. The haunching holds the edge units in a fixed position in terms of lateral movement, and also adds mass to the retaining structure.
What is edge course?
Edge courses are the blocks, bricks or other paver units used at the edge of a pavement. Sometimes referred to as Soldier Courses, their main function is to provide a robust restraint for the paving, to prevent it spreading and losing its load-bearing capability.
How thick should a kerb be?
Where a kerb is present, the edge course may be purely functional/aesthetic, rather than structural. The bedding for an edge course should be not less than 75mm in thickness, although this can be reduced when the edge course is not a retaining edge.
What is the function of an edge course?
Eliminate cuts at pavement edge. This function of an edge course is fairly self-explanatory. By using full blocks (or other units) to form the edge course, there is no risk of having small or cut pieces of paving at a free edge, where they are more likely to work loose.
What are the advantages of cutting in an edge course?
Cutting Aid: A lesser known benefit of an edge course is that they make the process of cutting-in much, much easier. Consider, first, a section of pavement with standard edge courses. All the full blocks have been laid and it is now time to cut the blocks to fit in at the edges.
What is a running bond?
Running or Stretcher Bond The running Bond uses stretcher courses with the joints breaking at the center of each brick immediately above and below. This is frequently used for partitions and veneer and chimneys.
Why is the Della Robbia bond called the Walton weave?
Della Robbia Weave Bond This bond is not commonly used. At one time we called it the Walton Weave because Dennis Walton invented the pattern. Alas, there is nothing new under the sun, at least not in masonry bonds. One day we discovered the proper name for this pattern.
What is a brick stretcher called?
Stretcher Brick laid flat with the long face parallel to the wall are called a stretchers. When all the brick in the course are laid in this manner, it is called a stretcher course. (horizontal, long, narrow)
What are the parts of brickwork?
Parts of brickwork include bricks , beds and perpends . The bed is the mortar upon which a brick is laid. A perpend is a vertical joint between any two bricks and is usually – but not always – filled with mortar. The dimensions of these parts are, in general, co-ordinated so that two bricks laid side by side separated only by the width of a perpend have a total width identical to the length of a single brick laid transversely on top of them.
What is a Rowlock?
The rowlock or rolok is similar to the header course except that the brick are laid on narrow or face edge. This type of course is often used as the top course or cap of garden walls and as window and door sills (horizontal, short, narrow side laid on narrow edge).
What are some names for braids?
There are braids such as: Nordic Braid, Scottish Braid, Parquet Braid, Diamond Braid, Appian Braid, Celtic Cross Braid, and Pinwheel. Names for bonds are inspired by places: Monterey, Corte Madera, Mediterranean, or taken from nature: Northern Lights, Snakeskin, Peacock, and borrowed from eras or styles: Regency, Chateau Nouveau, 3-D Cube.
What is bonding in brick?
Bond A bond is the patterned arrangement of brick or stone in a wall. The brick must be lapped upon one another, to prevent vertical joints from falling over each other.
What are edge restraints for pavers?
The prime role of paver edge restraints is to hold the laid pavers within a limit and prevent unwanted expansions due to living/dead pressure, moving/standstill load, wind, water, and snow-like factors natural factors. Edge restraints also help in giving the paving project a shape like a curved path/driveway or patio with odd designs.
What is a band in pavers?
When a paving project consists of bands or ribbons in between the paver pattern, it garners a visually alluring appeal. The designer used to use a band or border pavers matching or similar to the border’s pavers to make it more interesting and eye-catchy. Of course, it demands creativity, planning, and hard work, but it proves worth to spend all.
What does "inlaid" mean?
Inlaid means one more border within a border at the edge. Usually, designers apply both, solder course and sailor course at a time. It becomes more visually appealing than only one kind of border pattern.
What is a Sailor Course border pattern?
In contrast to the soldier course, the sailor course border pattern contains edge pavers laid lengthwise in one or more rows. Smart designers choose border or edge pavers differing in textures as well as colors to make them visually distinct.
How high is a low profile edge restraint?
It is perfectly engineered for the natural stone paving with slabs and blocks. It designed to be hidden/buried in the ground, so it has less than 2” height. That is why it called low-profile edge restraints and contractors love this non-intrusive design a lot everywhere.
What is a paver edge restraint?
Paver edge restraints are structural elements and support the paver border elements to stay against the load and pressure onto the paving structure. It means paver borders are capable of adding new dimensions in your paving design, be it a patio, walking path, or driveway in your landscape. Typically, four types of paving edge/border patterns used ...
Is interlocking concrete pavers ICPI approved?
However, it is not an ideal method in the moist climate and soil dominated with expanding clays, It is ICPI (Interlocking Concrete Paver Institute) approved, and many contractors favor due to varying reasons.
What pavers do square courses use?
Square courses use pavers like City Square, Camino Square, or Park. If you’re looking for border design inspiration, look at our showcase paver projects or download our online brochure and look at page 66.
What is a square course?
A square course is just what it seems. It’s made up of square stones only that encase the fieldstones. As you can see below, the owner of this hardscape laid both small squares and large squares along his walkways to add a unique design depth to the simple square course.
What color are the stone stones in the sailor course?
As you can see in the image above, the owner laid the dark brown (or reddish stones) as a sailor course between the fieldstones and a square stone border (described below).
What is a soldier course border?
Soldier course paving stone borders are the most common type of border treatment that use Holland, Plaza, Camino Large Rec, or Camino Small Rec. With this type of pattern, your border stones are often a different color than your fieldstones.
What is pattern in paving?
Pattern: The design and layout of your paving stones. This term can describe both borders and fieldstones.
What does contrasting border mean?
On the other hand, contrasting borders give your project a level of depth. As you can see below, the owner uses the minority color in his hardscape as his border to add a level of contrast to the hardscape.
What is a border in a hardscape?
Border: The outermost edge of your hardscape. Often laid to enhance hardscape design and tie in the fieldstones. Fieldstones: The primary hardscape area.
What is a spike in paving?
The spike is meant to corrode and secure itself on to the fines of the base creating a strong bond to the base and preventing that spike from being pushed up through the plastic restraint. This makes it an ideal restraint for a traditional base preparation that includes fines in the base material, but not for an open graded application where the base is prepared with a clear stone that has no fines. Unfortunately this system is not without its problems as was already stated. However, it has been and still is a very popular choice for an edge restraint on top of a base that has fines because it is strong. With every piece clipping together and the proper amount of steel spikes that will corrode and grasp that base, this system creates a strong bond and restraint for the proper paving application.
What is a snap edge paver restraint?
The Snap Edge paver restraint is a popular plastic edge restraint on the market for its design and ease of installation . The main features of this product are the buttressed supports along the back end to support the edge when a steel spike is applied to one of the holes. The back end supports a straight installation or you can cut the supports easily with a pair of snips and bend the plastic for curved installations. Each piece easily snaps on to the other creating a continuous unit. It is designed for pavers that are at least 2″ to a maximum of 3 1/8″ in height. It is installed so that half of the height of the paver is being supported by the edge restraint. This generally means that a portion of the bedding layer is scraped away to allow the unit to sit at the proper height. Many installations skip this step causing this restraint system to be installed too high and be noticeable immediately after installation. A 10″ non-galvanized spike is nailed into these every 12″ for straight runs, as well as every 6″ for curved applications and driveway applications.
What is a plastic paver edge restraint?
Plastic paver edge restraints remain one of the most popular option on the market in terms of a paver edge restraint system. You will notice these everywhere, which is actually part of the problem with them. The fact that you notice them means that there has been movement of the pavers in the installation, the base, or the edge restraint and spikes themselves. With the freeze-thaw cycles in northern climates, these edge restraints have the tendency to be pushed upward and exposing themselves. Alternatively, if a base was not compacted properly, the sinking of paving stones will also result in the exposure of the plastic edging. Additionally, if the edge restraint was installed too high without clearing away some of the bedding layer to allow the edge restraint to sit lower, it may already be exposed and is not the most welcome sight along a newly built project.
How much water is needed for Perma-Edge?
Similar to that of a concrete edge restraint installation, Perma-Edge is mixed at a rate of 1 gallon of water to 5 gallons of Perma-Edge, the bedding layer of the install is scraped away, and the product is hand troweled to cover up to 1/2″ from the bottom of the paver and extends out at a 36 degree pitch away from the project.
How deep should a paver base be?
Problems arise with a poorly installed edge restraint or an edge restraint that was meant for an entirely different application which makes choosing the right edge restraint for your base more important than ever. When choosing an edge restraint system, you need to consider your base. When preparing a base, it should extend past the pavers the same depth as your base. If your base is 6″ deep, then your base should extend 6″ past your paavers. You should also know that you do not need to install an edge restraint against hard surfaces, only soft surfaces. That means pavers up against foundations, existing driveways, or any hard surface that can contain those pavers will not need an edge restraint installed.
What is the final step in finishing a paver driveway?
Part of the final steps in finishing a paver driveway, walkway, or patio just before the joint fill is installing a paver edge restraint. Since the inception of paver installations in North America, there has been a lot of innovation in the industry. This innovation has also been in solving the problem of creating the perfect edge restraint system to prevent the lateral movement of interlocking stone.
Why is it important to have a restraint in place before paving?
It is important that the restraint is in place and secure prior to the joint fill installation because the pavers will in most cases need to be compacted during this stage of the process. Without a proper restraint in place, the paving stones may move out of place.
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What are the different types of courses?
Different patterns can be used in different parts of a building, some decorative and some structural; this depends on the bond patterns. Stretcher course (Stretching course): This is a course made up of a row of stretchers. This is the simplest arrangement of masonry units. If the wall is two wythes thick, one header is used ...
What is a header course?
If the wall is two wythes thick, one header is used to bind the two wythes together. Header course: This is a course made up of a row of headers. Bond course: This is a course of headers that bond the facing masonry to the backing masonry.
What is rowlock used for?
Rowlock: Units laid on their narrowest edge so their shortest edge faces the outside of the wall. These are used for garden walls and for sloping sills under windows , however these are not climate proof.
What is a course in masonry?
A course is a layer of the same unit running horizontally in a wall. It can also be defined as a continuous row of any masonry unit such as bricks, concrete masonry units (CMU), stone, shingles, tiles, etc.
What is a stretcher in masonry?
Stretcher: Units are laid horizontally with their longest end parallel to the face of the wall. This orientation can display the bedding of a masonry stone. Header: Units are laid on their widest edge so that their shorter ends face the outside of the wall.
How many courses of brick are in an 8 inch CMU block?
A standard 8-inch CMU block is exactly equal to three courses of brick. A bond (or bonding) pattern) is the arrangement of several courses of brickwork.
What is a string course?
String course (Belt course or Band course): A decorative horizontal row of masonry, narrower than the other courses, that extends across the façade of a structure or wraps around decorative elements like columns. Sill course: Stone masonry courses at the windowsill, projected out from the wall.
