Treatment FAQ

what is coronary heart disease and what are the treatment options?

by Prof. Zoila Ward Published 2 years ago Updated 2 years ago
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Coronary angioplasty and stent placement.
The heart doctor (cardiologist) guides a thin, flexible tube (catheter) to the narrowed part of the heart artery. A tiny balloon is inflated to help widen the blocked artery and improve blood flow. A small wire mesh tube (stent) may be placed in the artery during angioplasty.
May 25, 2022

Medication

Procedures

Self-care

Nutrition

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What is the treatment of coronary heart disease?

Treatment for coronary heart disease (CHD) can help manage the symptoms and reduce the risk of further problems. CHD can be managed effectively with a combination of lifestyle changes, medicine and, in some cases, surgery.

What is coronary disease heart disease?

Coronary heart disease is the term that describes what happens when your heart's blood supply is blocked or interrupted by a build-up of fatty substances in the coronary arteries. Over time, the walls of your arteries can become furred up with fatty deposits.

What is coronary heart disease and how can it be prevented?

Exercising regularly reduces your risk of having a heart attack. The heart is a muscle and, like any other muscle, benefits from exercise. A strong heart can pump more blood around your body with less effort. Any aerobic exercise, such as walking, swimming and dancing, makes your heart work harder and keeps it healthy.

What are the types of coronary heart disease?

Types of Coronary Artery DiseaseObstructive coronary artery disease, with narrowed or blocked vessels.Non-obstructive coronary artery disease, with arteries that inappropriately constrict or malfunction after branching into tiny vessels, or are squeezed by overlying heart muscle.More items...

What causes heart disease?

High blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and smoking are key risk factors for heart disease. Several other medical conditions and lifestyle choices can also put people at a higher risk for heart disease, including: Diabetes. Overweight and obesity.

Can you reduce coronary artery disease?

You can absolutely prevent CAD from worsening, and with some hard work, you might even be able to reverse some of the damage, says Gregg Fonarow, MD.

What are the major risk factors for coronary heart disease?

The traditional risk factors for coronary artery disease are high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, family history, diabetes, smoking, being post-menopausal for women and being older than 45 for men, according to Fisher. Obesity may also be a risk factor.

How can you improve coronary artery disease?

To improve heart health, follow these tips:Quit smoking.Control high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes.Exercise often.Maintain a healthy weight.Eat a low-fat, low-salt diet that's rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains.Reduce and manage stress.

Diagnosis

Treatment

Clinical Trials

Lifestyle and Home Remedies

Medically reviewed by
Dr. Kabir Sethi
Your provider will work with you to develop a care plan that may include one or more of these treatment options.
Adopting a healthy lifestyle is the primary treatment option that can be combined with medications and procedures.
Medication

Cholesterol lowering drugs: To reduce blood cholesterol levels. The range of medications may include statins, niacin, fibrates and bile acid sequestrants.

Atorvastatin . Fluvastatin . Niacin . Fenofibrate . Gemfibrozil . Cholestyramine . Colesevelam


Anticoagulants: To reduce thickness of blood and prevent blood clots. Aspirin may also be prescribed to prevent blood clots.

Warfarin . Heparin


Beta blockers: To reduce blood pressure and heart rate.

Acebutolol . Atenolol


Nitrates: Controls chest pain by temporarily dilating arteries and allowing for better blood flow.

Nitroglycerin


Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: To reduce blood pressure.

Enalapril . Lisinopril


Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs): To reduce blood pressure.

Irbesartan . Losartan

Procedures

Angioplasty and stent placement: The narrowed or blocked artery is opened using a thin tube. A stent is left in the artery to keep it open. Usually recommended if medications does not help improve the symptoms.

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG): Vein or artery from other parts of the body (usually taken from thigh, arm or mammary vein) is used to bypass a blocked or narrowed artery.

Self-care

Always talk to your provider before starting anything.

  • Quit smoking and alcohol.
  • Monitor blood sugar and cholesterol levels.
  • Monitor your blood pressure regularly.
  • Manage stress.
  • Maintain the recommended weight.

Nutrition

Foods to eat:

  • Fat-free or low-Fat foods: e.g. low-Fat milk
  • Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids: e.g. salmon, tuna, trout
  • Fruits such as apples, bananas, oranges, pears, prunes
  • Legumes like kidney beans, lentils, chickpeas, lima beans
  • Vegetables like broccoli, cabbage, carrots.
  • Whole grains: e.g. oatmeal, brown rice, corn tortillas
  • Foods containing mono- and polyunsaturated fats: e.g. avocados, corn, sunflower, olive oils, walnuts, peanut butter, tofu

Foods to avoid:

  • Foods rich in saturated fat and trans fat like palm and coconut oils, red meat

Specialist to consult

Cardiologist
Specializes in the diagnosis and management heart related disorders.

Alternative Medicine

Preparing For Your Appointment

  • Treatment for coronary artery disease usually involves lifestyle changes such as not smoking, eating healthy and exercising more. Sometimes, medications and procedures are needed.
See more on mayoclinic.org

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