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What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
- Symptoms. When the prostate is enlarged, it can bother or block the bladder. Needing to pass urine often is a common symptom of BPH.
- Causes. The causes of BPH are not clear. It mainly occurs in older men. ...
- Diagnosis. See your doctor if you have symptoms that might be BPH. ...
- Treatment. There are many options for treating BPH. ...
Nutrition
When it comes to BPH, so yes, some medications and surgery are available to cure BPH. Men with enlarged prostate are often recommended to opt for surgery as the first-line option. Still, for a few men, these solutions never remain the favorable option because the complications are high in addition to the solution.
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Results: Data suggests that vitamin D has an inhibitory effect on the RhoA/ROCK pathway, along with cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 production in BPH stromal cells. Increasing intake of vitamin D from diet and supplements has shown a correlation with decreased BPH prevalence.
How to cure BPH?
What does BPH mean medically?
Can BPH be cured?
Do supplements help with BPH?
Is BPH a serious problem?
BPH, the acronym for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (or sometimes, hypertrophy), is an enlarged prostate gland, and is not typically a serious problem, nor on its own a life-threatening condition. And, to clear up a common misconception, BPH is not cancer, nor does it cause prostate cancer.
What happens when you have BPH?
Overview. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) — also called prostate gland enlargement — is a common condition as men get older. An enlarged prostate gland can cause uncomfortable urinary symptoms, such as blocking the flow of urine out of the bladder. It can also cause bladder, urinary tract or kidney problems.
What is the main cause of BPH?
Hormones from the testis may be the main factor. For example, as men age, the amount of active testosterone in the blood declines. Estrogen levels stay the same. BPH may occur when these hormone changes trigger prostate cell growth.
When should you treat BPH?
Your symptoms are moderate to severe. Medication hasn't relieved your symptoms. You have a urinary tract obstruction, bladder stones, blood in your urine or kidney problems. You prefer definitive treatment.
Does BPH go away?
Treatments. Because BPH cannot be cured, the treatment focuses on reducing the symptoms. The treatment is based on how severe the symptoms are, how much they bother the patient and whether there are complications.
What are the 5 warning signs of prostate enlargement?
What Are the Warning Signs and Symptoms of BPH?weak urine flow;difficulty starting urination;dribbling of urine, especially after urinating;a sense of not fully emptying the bladder;leaking of urine;more frequent urination and a strong and sudden desire to urinate, especially at night; and.blood in the urine.
What happens if you leave an enlarged prostate untreated?
Left untreated, an enlarged prostate can lead to a sudden inability to urinate, cause urinary tract infections and bladder or kidney damage.
What is the best treatment for BPH?
The gold standard for the management of BPH is surgical treatment by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). However, in older adults, medical therapy is preferred to surgical intervention when possible.
Can an enlarged prostate go back to normal?
Can an Enlarged Prostate Be Cured? For most patients, BPH (enlarged prostate) is curable. Some people see a significant reduction in symptoms with medication alone. If medicine does not work, or your prostate is too large, surgery will often remove enough of the prostate to provide you with relief.
What is the first line treatment for BPH?
Alpha blockers are recommended as first-line treatment for BPH, except for prazosin (Minipress) and phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline), which lack data to support their use and, therefore, are not recommended. The 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are only recommended in men with documented prostate enlargement.
Can you live with enlarged prostate?
BPH might be life-disrupting, but with the right care and the correct approach to fluids, it's possible for most men to minimize their symptoms and live comfortably with an enlarged prostate.
At what size of prostate requires surgery?
TURP developed itself to become the gold standard of surgical treatment for medium sized prostates. The EAU guidelines, based on grade A evidence, recommends TURP for prostates between 35 and 80 ml. Over that limit, open surgery seems to remain the only option for treating BPH, according to available clinical evidence.
What is the procedure for BPH?
Two types of open prostatectomy for BPH — suprapubic and retropubic — employ an incision extending from below the umbilicus (navel) to the pubis. A suprapubic prostatectomy involves opening the bladder and removing the enlarged prostatic nodules through the bladder.
How does BPH affect men?
BPH produces symptoms by obstructing the flow of urine through the urethra. Symptoms related to BPH are present in about one in four men by age 55, and in half of 75-year-old men. However, treatment is only necessary if symptoms become bothersome.
How does a prostatic urethral lift work?
In contrast to the other therapies that ablate or resect prostate tissue, the prostatic urethral lift procedure involves placing UroLift implants into the prostate under direct visualization to compress the prostate lobes and unobstruct the prostatic urethra. The implants are placed using a needle that passes through the prostate to deliver a small metallic tab anchoring it to the prostate capsule. Once the capsular tab is placed, a suture connected to the capsular tab is tensioned and a second stainless steel tab is placed on the suture to lock it into place. The suture is severed.
What is the procedure to remove the prostate?
Prostatectomy is a very common operation. About 200,000 of these procedures are carried out annually in the U.S. A prostatectomy for benign disease (BPH) involves removal of only the inner portion of the prostate (simple prostatectomy). This operation differs from a radical prostatectomy for cancer, in which all prostate tissue is removed. Simple prostatectomy offers the best and fastest chance to improve BPH symptoms, but it may not totally alleviate discomfort. For example, surgery may relieve the obstruction, but symptoms may persist due to bladder abnormalities.
What conditions mimic BPH?
A medical history will give clues regarding conditions that can mimic BPH, such as urethral stricture, bladder cancer or stones, or abnormal bladder/pelvic floor function (problems with holding or emptying urine) due to a neurologic disorder ( neurogenic bladder) or pelvic floor muscle spasms.
How long does urethral obstruction last?
Symptoms, as well as objective measurements of urethral obstruction, can remain stable for many years and may even improve over time for as many as one-third of men, according to some studies. In a study from the Mayo Clinic, urinary symptoms did not worsen over a 3.5-year period in 73% of men with mild BPH.
Is BPH genetic?
Not long ago, a study found a possible genetic link for BPH in men younger than age 65 who have a very enlarged prostate: Their male relatives were four times more likely than other men to need BPH surgery at some point in their lives, and their brothers had a sixfold increase in risk.
What is the most common surgical procedure for BPH?
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP): This is the most frequently used surgical procedure, making up roughly 90 percent of all prostate surgeries for BPH. During TURP, an instrument called a resectoscope is inserted into the urethra and guided to the prostate.
Why is prostatectomy performed?
Simple prostatectomy: An open prostatectomy is often performed when a transurethral procedure is unable to be done because either the prostate is too large, or the bladder has been impaired or contains stones.
How is the prostate cut?
Using general or spinal anesthesia, a cut is made through the abdomen or the area behind the scrotum, and only the inner portion of the prostate gland is extracted, while the outer segment is left intact. Laser surgery: This surgical technique uses a high-energy laser to vaporize and destroy prostate tissue.
Does self care help with BPH?
Although self-care measures e ase BPH symptoms , they do not reduce the size of the prostate or prevent it from swelling further, meaning other treatments are often required. Medication can improves urinary flow and reduce the prostate size, but it may not be a long-term solution.
Can BPH cause urination?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treatment varies depending on the seriousness of the enlarged prostate symptoms, how much those symptoms impact daily life, and the presence of other medical conditions. Having an enlarged prostate can cause changes in urinary function —from urinating too frequently to not urinating at all.
What is BPH in men?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) — also called prostate gland enlargement — is a common condition as men get older. An enlarged prostate gland can cause uncomfortable urinary symptoms, such as blocking the flow of urine out of the bladder. It can also cause bladder, urinary tract or kidney problems. There are several effective treatments ...
Why do men have to have surgery for prostate?
Some men with an enlarged prostate need surgery to relieve urinary retention. Urinary tract infections (UTIs). Inability to fully empty the bladder can increase the risk of infection in your urinary tract. If UTIs occur frequently, you might need surgery to remove part of the prostate.
What is the condition that causes a person to have a hard time urinating?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) — also called prostate gland enlargement — is a common condition as men get older. An enlarged prostate gland can cause uncomfortable urinary symptoms, such as blocking the flow of urine out of the bladder. It can also cause bladder, urinary tract or kidney problems.
What happens when the prostate is enlarged?
When enlarged, the prostate may obstruct urine flow from the bladder and out the urethra. The prostate gland is located beneath your bladder. The tube that transports urine from the bladder out of your penis (urethra) passes through the center of the prostate. When the prostate enlarges, it begins to block urine flow.
Does diabetes increase BPH?
Diabetes and heart disease. Studies show that diabetes, as well as heart disease and use of beta blockers, might increase the risk of BPH. Lifestyle. Obesity increases the risk of BPH, while exercise can lower your risk.
What is a BPH?
BPH is an enlarged prostate. The prostate goes through two main growth cycles during a man’s life. The first occurs early in puberty, when the prostate doubles in size. The second phase of growth starts around age 25 and goes on for most of the rest of a man's life. BPH most often occurs during this second growth phase.
What is the best way to prevent BPH?
Your health care provider will look for worse or new issues before suggesting anything else. Diet and exercise are often recommended as a way to prevent or manage your symptoms. Active surveillance is best for men with mild to moderate symptoms. It is also an option for men who are not bothered by the effects of BPH.
What is the best treatment for prostate cancer?
Alpha Blockers. Alpha blockers relax the muscles of the prostate and bladder. They improve urine flow, reduce blockage of the urethra and reduce BPH symptoms. They do not reduce the size of the prostate. Men with moderate to severe BPH and men who are bothered by their symptoms are good candidates.
How long does a catheter stay in the bladder after prostate surgery?
This reduces the pressure of the prostate on the urethra and makes urination easier. A catheter is left in your bladder for one to three days after surgery.
Why is BPH not developed?
This is because BPH does not develop in men whose testicles were removed before puberty.
Where is the prostate located?
The prostate is found below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It goes all the way around a tube called the urethra, which carries urine from the bladder out through the penis. The prostate’s main job is to make fluid for semen. During ejaculation, sperm made in the testicles moves to the urethra.
How does water vapor work on prostate?
This treatment uses water vapor (steam) to destroy prostate cells squeezing the urethra. Inside a handheld device, sterile water is heated to just above the boiling point, when it turns into steam. A precise dose of thermal energy from the steam is then injected into the prostate with a small needle.
How to get rid of a BPH?
Lower the amount of fluids you drink, especially before you go out or go to bed. Drink less caffeine and alcohol. Medicine: For mild to moderate BPH, your doctor might suggest medicine.
What is the best way to check if your prostate is healthy?
Different types of ultrasound to measure your prostate and see if it looks healthy. A bladder ultrasound to see how well you empty your bladder. Biopsy to rule out cancer. Urine flow test to measure how strong your stream is and how much pee you make. Urodynamics testing to evaluate your bladder function.
What happens to the prostate as you get older?
Still, as you get older, your body changes in ways you can’t always control. For most men, one of those changes is that the prostate gets bigger. It’s a natural part of aging, but at some point, it can lead to a condition called BPH, or benign prostatic hyperplasia. Your prostate surrounds part of your urethra, ...
What does high PSA mean in urine?
Urine tests to look for infection or other problems that could be causing your symptoms. PSA (prostate-specific antigen) blood test. High PSA levels may be a sign of a larger-than-usual prostate. A doctor can also order it as screening for prostate cancer.
What test is done to check prostate size?
This may include a digital rectal exam. During this, they put on a glove and gently insert one finger into your rectum to check the size and shape of your prostate. Basic tests: Your doctor may start with one or more of these: Blood tests to check for kidney problems.
Is BPH a cancer?
BPH isn’t prostate cancer and doesn’t make you more likely to get it. It’s a common condition, especially in older men, and there are a lot of treatments for it, from lifestyle changes to medication to surgery. Your doctor can help you choose the best care based on your age, health, and how the condition affects you.
Can BPH cause a weak urine stream?
When you have BPH, your prostate is larger than usual, which squeezes the urethra. This can cause your pee stream to be weak, waking you up a lot at night to go to the bathroom along. it also could lead to other bothersome urinary symptoms. BPH isn’t prostate cancer and doesn’t make you more likely to get it. ...
What is it called when a man has minimal symptoms of BPH?
Men experiencing minimal symptoms of BPH may choose to practice what is called active surveillance. This means to simply monitor your condition and continue to meet with his physician regularly until changes warrant intervention.
What is the best treatment for prostate cancer?
Alpha Blockers. Alpha blockers relax the smooth muscle around the bladder neck and within the urethra. Inhibitors. Inhibitors stop the conversion of the male hormone testosterone to DHT to reduce the prostate's size, eliminating blockage.
Why does my prostate grow again?
There is not a consensus among physicians on exactly why the prostate begins to grow again, though it is widely speculated that an excess of certain hormones may be the catalyst. One study has shown a high correlation between DHT levels (dihydrotestosterone) in the blood and enlarged prostates.
What is the difference between prostate surgery and laser surgery?
Laser surgery - Laser surgery uses laser energy to destroy prostate tissue and shrink the prostate. Transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP). This surgery does not involve removing prostate tissue.
What does low flow and high pressure mean?
A low flow and high pressure usually indicate obstruction to the urinary outlet. Cystoscopy. During cystoscopy, a small flexible fiberoptic camera is inserted into the urethra and bladder to evaluate the anatomy of the urethra, prostate, and bladder.
How big is a prostate?
In a post-pubescent male, the prostate is about the size of a walnut and stays that way until age 40. For a still unknown reason, the prostate experiences a second growth spurt and can grow to the size of an apricot or even a lemon.
Why is a healthy prostate important?
To begin with, a healthy prostate is important in supporting sperm nourishment and transport. When a man ejaculates, the prostate produces the semen that propels the sperm. In a post-pubescent male, the prostate is about the size of a walnut and stays that way until age 40.
How common is BPH in men?
Prevalence. On average, 50% of men over 60 and 80% of men over 80 have symptoms caused by BPH. Symptomatic BPH is therefore regarded as one of the most common disorders in men and, because it is widespread, one that has significant socioeconomic impact. For every patient with BPH a urinalysis should also be performed.
What is BPO in LUTS?
In affected patients, BPO causes various lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) which in terms of the differential diagnosis can occur in various diseases, especially diseases of the bladder (e.g., overactive bladder, bladder carcinoma, cystitis), complicating identification of the symptoms and their cause.
What is the best treatment for urinary retention?
Alpha-blockers + 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. Alpha-blockers + 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors can further increase improvement in lower urinary tract symptoms and Qmax, so long as increased rates of adverse effects are accepted, and can also reduce the risk of acute urinary retention and the need for surgery.
Is PSA a predictor of prostate growth?
PSA level, unless influenced by other pathologic processes, correlates with prostate volume (20) and is a strong predictor of prostate growth (21). In addition, baseline PSA is a predictor of risk of urinary retention and surgical risk (16, 17). However, there is no known direct association between BPH and prostate cancer (22), ...
Is BPH associated with prostate cancer?
However, there is no known direct association between BPH and prostate cancer (22), and patients with BPH should be advised about the advantages and disadvantages of prostate cancer screening (23). High residual urine volumes.
What is the best treatment for BPH?
A number of treatment options are available if your symptoms are severe. Treatments for BPH Include: Medication. Finasteride ( Pro scar) was one of the first drugs used to treat BPH by shrinking the prostate gland. Dutasteride ( Avodart) is another similar drug that can be used for the same purpose.
How many men have BPH?
Overall, the number of men with BPH increases progressively with age. Between ages 51 and 60, 50% of men will have some signs of BPH. Up to 90% of men over ager 80 will have signs of this condition. About one-third of these men will develop symptoms that require treatment.
What is the most common prostate problem in men?
Benign (noncancerous) enlargement of the prostate, known as benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH for short), is the most common prostate problem in men. Almost all men will develop some enlargement of the prostate as they age.
What is the procedure to remove the prostate?
Surgery. A number of surgery types can remove the prostate tissue blocking the flow of urine. The most common is called transurethral resection of the prostate, or TURP. It involves removing the tissue blocking the urethra (urine tube) with a special instrument.
What is a stent in prostate?
Stents (wire devices shaped like springs or coils) are placed within the prostate channel (where the urethra runs through the gland) to help keep the channel from tightening around the urethra. Prostatic Urethral Lift. A prostatic urethral lift (PUL) is a permanent implant used to treat BPH.
What is the best treatment for prostate cancer?
High-energy treatment delivers more energy to the prostate, which generally provides better results and improved flow, but patients may have more side effects in the recovery period. Interstitial Laser Coagulation. ILC uses a specially designed laser fiber to deliver heat to the interior of the prostate.
Is prostate surgery less invasive?
Newer treatments can effectively reduce the size of the prostate and relieve urinary obstruction, but are less invasive and damaging to healthy tissue than surgery. In general, less invasive procedures require less time in the hospital , result in fewer side effects, are less costly, and allow for quicker recovery.
What happens when you have a BPH?
When a person has BPH, the enlarged prostate can press on the urethra, resulting in a blockage and urination problems. BPH occurs when the cells in the prostate multiply, and the gland becomes enlarged. It is a common occurrence. BPH is a benign condition, which means that it is not cancerous.
What are the most common causes of BPH?
Medical conditions: Individuals with obesity, cardiovascular problems, type 2 diabetes, and erectile dysfunction are more likely to have BPH. Lack of exercise: People who do not exercise regularly may have a higher risk of BPH. It is not possible to control all of these factors.
What is benign prostatic hyperplasia?
Tips. Outlook. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a condition in which the prostate gland grows larger. The enlarged prostate may block or slow the passage of urine from the urethra. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) usually appears after the age of 40 years. The person may notice that they urinate more often, especially at night.
What age is the most at risk for BPH?
People over 40 years of age are more at risk of developing BPH. The prostate is a small gland that is part of the male reproductive system. It sits under the bladder and surrounds the urethra. The urethra is a thin tube-like structure through which semen and urine leave the body.
How to detect prostate cancer?
eating a healthful diet that contains plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables. avoiding alcohol or drinking it in moderation. Screening for prostate cancer aims to detect cancer in the early stages, but it can also show if BPH is present. This detection can enable early treatment, if necessary.
How much does the prostate gland weigh?
Studies suggest that the average prostate gland weighs. Trusted Source. : 25–30 grams (g) for men between the ages of 40 and 49 years. 30–40 g when they are 50 to 59 years of age. 35–45 g when they reach 60 years of age. BPH is a benign condition, which means that it is not cancerous.
What is the procedure to remove prostate tissue?
A prostatic urethral lift: The surgeon uses a needle to insert implants that raise the prostate so that it does not block the urethra. Convective water vapor ablation : This procedure uses steam to kill unwanted prostate tissue. A surgeon will inject thermal energy from the steam into the prostate with a needle.
Overview
Symptoms
Causes
Risk Factors
Specialist to consult
Complications
- Your doctor will start by asking detailed questions about your symptoms and doing a physical exam. This initial exam is likely to include: 1. Digital rectal exam.The doctor inserts a finger into the rectum to check your prostate for enlargement. 2. Urine test.Analyzing a sample of your urin…
Mayo Clinic Men's Health Center