What was JD Vance's mother addicted to?
His mother's drug addiction follows the arc of an opiate epidemic that began in “pill mills” in Ohio, Kentucky and West Virginia after the powerful prescription drug OxyContin hit the market in 1996. The author was 12 years old at the time.
What Hinduism says about substance abuse?
In general, Hinduism disapproves of the use of drugs or alcohol, although in some Hindu sects, cannabis products are used to promote spiritual experiences through the use of an intoxicating drink called Soma (not the muscle relaxant).
What does the amygdala do in addiction?
The functional images of the human amygdala demonstrate or implicate this limbic structure in the processes of reward learning and memory, conditioned reward and emotion dysregulation related to drug use, and the transition to addiction.
What role does the hippocampus play in addiction?
The hippocampus is responsible for functions such as short-term and long-term memory, spatial orientation, and connecting emotions and senses. Also the hippocampus is involved in forming context-specific memories associated with reinstatement of drug-seeking.
What is soma juice?
soma, in ancient India, an unidentified plant the juice of which was a fundamental offering of the Vedic sacrifices. The stalks of the plant were pressed between stones, and the juice was filtered through sheep's wool and then mixed with water and milk.
Which drugs affect the amygdala?
Role of CRF in dependenceDrugCRF antagonist effects on withdrawal-induced anxiety-like responsesCRF antagonist reversal of stress-induced reinstatementCocaine↓↓Opioids↓a↓Ethanol↓↓Nicotine↓↓1 more row•Mar 28, 2009
What causes dysfunction of the amygdala?
What causes damage to the amygdala? Structural or functional changes in the amygdala are associated with a wide variety of psychiatric conditions such as various anxiety disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), phobia, panic disorders, depression, schizophrenia, and autism.
When is the amygdala activated?
The amygdala triggers a person's fight-or-flight response. This leads to the release of hormones that prepare the body to fight the source of danger or flee from it. Amygdala hijack occurs when the amygdala activates the fight-or-flight response when there is no serious threat to a person's safety.
What emotions does the hippocampus control?
The hippocampus, located in the medial temporal lobe and connected with the amygdala that controls emotional memory recalling and regulation (Schumacher et al., 2018); it has increased the functional connectivity with anterior cingulate or amygdala during emotional regulation and recalling of positive memory (Guzmán- ...
How do you heal the hippocampus?
Treating Hippocampus Damage (Helping the Brain Repair Itself)Exercise. Exercise, particularly aerobic exercise, is one of the best ways to boost BDNF levels and improve hippocampal function. ... Stimulate Your Brain. Keeping your brain stimulated can also increase hippocampus function. ... Change Your Diet.
Which drugs affect the hippocampus?
Studies suggest that initial exposure to stimulants (i.e., cocaine, nicotine, and amphetamine) and alcohol may enhance hippocampal function and, therefore, the formation of augmented drug-context associations that contribute to the development of addiction.