Can the results of the MMPI-2 be used to make a diagnosis?
A diagnosis should never be made solely on the results of the MMPI. The MMPI can be administered individually or in groups and computerized versions are available as well. Both the MMPI-2 and the MMPI-2-RF are designed for individuals age 18 years and older. The test can be scored by hand or by a computer,...
What are the MMPI clinical scales?
MMPI Test Results: The MMPI Clinical Scales The MMPI Test Results are measured by the MMPI-2 ‘scales’, which are the set of classifications of personality traits and psychopathy that the MMPI is designed to measure from a person taking the test. These are essentially the MMPI Test Result categories.
How long does it take to complete the MMPI-2?
The MMPI-2 consists of 567 true-false questions and takes approximately 60 to 90 minutes to complete; the MMPI-2-RF has 338 true-false questions, taking 35 to 50 minutes to finish. This article discusses how the MMPI was developed, how it is used, and the different versions of the instrument that are available.
How many omitted items are acceptable in an MMPI-2 protocol?
The MMPI-2 manual suggests that protocols with 30 or more omitted items should be considered invalid and not interpreted. Other experts suggest interpreting with great caution protocols with more than 10 omitted items and not to interpret at all those with more than 30 omitted items.
What is the MMPI and how can it help treat diagnose psychological disorders?
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a psychological test that assesses personality traits and psychopathology. It is primarily intended to test people who are suspected of having mental health or other clinical issues.
Which can the MMPI-2 aid in diagnosing?
It's primarily used to help mental health professionals assess and diagnose mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety. Lawyers also use the MMPI as forensic evidence in criminal defense and custody disputes.
How is the MMPI-2 used in practice?
The MMPI is most commonly used by mental health professionals to assess and diagnose mental illness, but it has also been utilized in other fields outside of clinical psychology. The MMPI-2 is often used in legal cases, including criminal defense and custody disputes.
What is the main purpose of using the MMPI-2?
What is the MMPI-2? The MMPI-2 is a self-report inventory with 567 true-false questions about yourself. Your answers help mental health professionals determine whether you have symptoms of a mental illness or personality disorder.
Which approach to psychopathology is followed while making an MMPI profile?
MMPI. The original MMPI was developed on a scale-by-scale basis in the late 1930s and early 1940s. Hathaway and McKinley used an empirical [criterion] keying approach, with clinical scales derived by selecting items that were endorsed by patients known to have been diagnosed with certain pathologies.
What is the reliability of the MMPI-2?
This instrument is a widely known test primarily reliable with the white middle-class and those whom are severely disturbed. The MMPI's test-rest reliability is recorded as . 50 to . 80 where the first scale, Hypochondriasis, has the highest reliability.
What is the purpose of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory quizlet?
what is the MMPI-2? Standardised self-report measure that broadly assesses dimensions of psychopathology - most commonly used in psychiatric settings. clinical, content, validity, restructured clinical and supplementary with a total of 567 ITEMS requiring true or false response.
What are personality inventories used for?
A personality inventory is a self-assessment tool that career counselors and other career development professionals use to help people learn about their personality types. It reveals information about individuals' social traits, motivations, strengths and weaknesses, and attitudes.
What theory is the MMPI based on?
Unlike most psychological tests that are usually grounded at least somewhat in a theory, the MMPI was created through an approach called criterion-keying.
Can the MMPI-2-RF be useful in assessing mental status as well?
Overall, findings suggest that the MMPI-2-RF SUI scale may be a useful tool for identifying individuals at risk for suicidal ideation and behavior in clinical settings.
What does MMPI-2 stand for?
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality InventoryThe Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2; MMPI-A) is a written psychological assessment, or test, used to diagnose mental disorders.
What is MMPI-2 used for?
The MMPI-2 is often used in legal cases, including criminal defense and custody disputes. The test has also been used as a screening instrument for certain professions, especially high-risk jobs, although using it in this manner has been controversial.
What was the criticism of the MMPI?
Critics pointed out that the original sample group was inadequate. Others argued that the results indicated possible test bias, while others felt the test itself contained sexist and racist questions.
Why do MMPI tests use validity scales?
All of the MMPI tests use validity scales of varying sorts to help assess the accuracy of each individual's answers. Since these tests can be used for circumstances like employment screenings and custody hearings, test takers may not be completely honest in their answers.
How long does it take to complete the MMPI-2?
The MMPI-2 contains 567 test items and takes approximately 60 to 90 minutes to complete. The MMPI-2-RF contains 338 questions and takes around 35 to 50 minutes to finish. Additionally, the MMPI is copyrighted by the University of Minnesota, which means clinicians must pay to administer and utilize the test.
How many scales are there in MMPI?
The MMPI-2 and MMPI-A have 10 clinical scales that are used to indicate different psychological conditions, though the MMPI-2-RF and the MMPI-A-RF use different scales. Despite the names given to each scale, they are not a pure measure since many conditions have overlapping symptoms.
When was the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory developed?
History. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was developed in 1937 by clinical psychologist Starke R. Hathaway and neuropsychiatrist J. Charnley McKinley at the University of Minnesota. Today, it's the most frequently used clinical testing instrument and is one of the most researched psychological tests in existence.
When was the MMPI developed?
The MMPI was developed in the 1930s to help mental health professionals evaluate people with psychiatric disorders. It is widely used today in both clinical and non-clinical settings.
What is a MMPI 2?
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008/2011; Tellegen & Ben-Porath, 2008) is a 338-item true/false personality test designed to assess for psychopathology and individual personality characteristics. The MMPI-2-RF consists of six sets of scales: nine validity scales, three Higher-Order scales, nine Restructured Clinical (RC) scales, 23 Specific Problems Scales, two Interest scales, as well as a revised version of the Personality Psychopathology Five-Revised (PSY-5; Harkness, McNulty, & Ben-Porath, 1995). Psychometric properties and external correlates for all scales are available in the MMPI-2-RF technical manual (Tellegen & Ben-Porath, 2008). All analyses reported in the current study used the raw scores of the MMPI-2-RF scales. T-scores are also reported when applicable. As the current study was interested in studying scales related to suicidal behavior, the Suicidal/Death Ideation (SUI) scale was of primary interest. Additionally, other scales which were reported by the manual to be related to suicidal behavior were used as control variables in analyses. These scales included RCd (Demoralization), RC2 (Low Positive Emotions), Helplessness/Hopelessness (HLP), Self Doubt (SFD), Inefficacy (NFC), and Introversion-revised (INTR-r). Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction (EID) was not included as a covariate due to item overlap with the SUI scale.
What is MMPI in Minnesota?
The family of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) assessments, which include the original MMPI, the MMPI-2, and the MMPI-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), has been reported to be one of the most frequently used instruments in suicide risk assessment research (Johnson, Lall, Bongar, & Nordlund, 1999), with a surge of research examining suicidality and MMPI profiles from the late 1960's to the early 1980's (Johnson et al., 1999). However, most of the studies during this time period concluded that the MMPI was unable to differentiate between individuals who attempted or died by suicide and individuals with suicidal ideation alone or between individuals with or without suicidal ideation (Clopton & Baucom, 1979; Clopton & Jones, 1975; Clopton, Post, & Larde, 1983; Daigle, 2004; Kinsinger, 1973; Pallis & Birtchnell, 1977; Ravensborg & Floss, 1969; Sendbuehler, Kincel, Nemeth, & Oertel, 1979).
Is the SUI scale bivariate?
The bivariate correlations between the SUI scale and other self-report measures of suicidality are presented in Table 3. As expected, the SUI scale was significantly associated with the DSI-SS total score, BSS total score, and the SPS (Suicide Potential Scale).
How many items are in the MMPI-2-RF?
Composed of 338 items, with the RC (Restructured Clinical) Scales at its core, the MMPI-2-RF builds on the strengths of the MMPI®-2 test to create a new standard. Psychometrically up-to-date, the MMPI-2-RF is linked to current models of psychopathology and personality.
What is a comprehensive technical manual?
Comprehensive technical manual that presents empirical data. The technical manual reports empirical correlates of the scales in a range of settings, including mental health inpatient and outpatient clinics, substance abuse treatment centers, criminal court proceedings, personal injury and disability evaluations, and public safety employment evaluations.
Is the MMPI-2-RF a replacement for the MMPI-2?
The MMPI-2-RF provides a valuable alternative to the MMPI-2 test, not a replacement. The MMPI-2 test continues to be published and fully supported by the University of Minnesota Press and distributed exclusively by Pearson.
What are the results of the MMPI?
The MMPI Test Results are measured by the MMPI-2 ‘scales’, which are the set of classifications of personality traits and psychopathy that the MMPI is designed to measure from a person taking the test. These are essentially the MMPI Test Result categories. The number of scales is continuing growing – but there are 10 primary categories (called the Clinical Scales) that are used in the assessment of the MMPI-2 test. The results of the clinical scale have to reflect a true and accurate reflection of the patient taking the test and this is done by an additional 11 ‘Validity Scales’ that check the results and make sure the person doing the test answered honesty and consistently.
What is the interruption of the MMPI?
The interruption of the MMPI is used as a criteria for acceptance of employment in many government and business organizations. Included in the analyst, is a section of dishonesty so the bottom line is, if you lie on the test you get caught!
How many items are in the Addiction Acknowledgment Scale?
Items not contributing to internal consistency were dropped and replaced by two items that improved scale internal consistency. The Addiction Acknowledgment Scale is made up of 13 items. Research has shown that both the APS and the AAS discriminate well between substance abuse samples and samples of either psychiatric patients or normals. In addition they discriminate between samples considerably more effectively than MAC-R.
Why do people seek therapy?
They tend to be motivated to seek therapy because of their distress. .
Is the F scale a good indicator of psychopathology?
2. If one can rule out profile invalidity, the F Scale is a good indicator of degree of psychopathology, with higher scores suggesting greater psychopathology. 3. Scores on the F Scale can be used to generate inferences about other extratest characteristics and behaviors.
What is the MMPI-2 test?
The MMPI-2 test’s contemporary normative sample and extensive research base help make it the gold standard in assessment for a wide variety of settings. The test can be used to help:
What is the atheoretical approach to MMPI development?
The atheoretical approach to MMPI development ostensibly enabled the test to capture aspects of human psychopathology that were recognizable and meaningful despite changes in clinical theories.
Why is MMPI important?
Furthermore, it became necessary for the MMPI to measure a more diverse number of potential mental problems, such as “suicidal tendencies, drug abuse, and treatment-related behaviors.”.
Why is MMPI used?
Use of the MMPI is tightly controlled for ethical and financial reasons. The clinician using the MMPI has to pay for materials and for scoring and report services, as well as a charge to install the computerized program.
When was the MMPI developed?
The original MMPI was developed in 1939 (Groth Marnat, Handbook of Psychological Assessment, 2009) using an [criterion] keying approach, which means that the clinical scales were derived by selecting items that were endorsed by patients known to have been diagnosed with certain pathologies.
How many items are in the MMPI-A?
A version of the test designed for adolescents, the MMPI-A, was released in 1992. The MMPI-A has 478 items, with a short form of 350 items.
How long does it take to complete the MMPI-2?
The current MMPI-2 has 567 items, all true-or-false format, and usually takes between 1 and 2 hours to complete depending on reading level. It is designed to require a sixth-grade reading level. There is an infrequently used abbreviated form of the test that consists of the MMPI-2’s first 370 items.
History of The MMPI
How The Test Has Changed
- In the years after the test was first published, clinicians and researchers began to question the accuracy of the MMPI. Critics pointed out that the original sample group was inadequate. Others argued that the results indicated possible test bias, while others felt the test itself contained sexist and racist questions. In response to these issues, the MMPI underwent a revision in the la…
How The MMPI Is Used
- The MMPI is most commonly used by mental health professionals to assess and diagnose mental illness, but it has also been utilized in other fields outside of clinical psychology. The MMPI-2 is often used in legal cases, including criminal defense and custody disputes. The test has also been used as a screening instrument for certain professions, es...
Administration
- The MMPI-2 contains 567 test items and takes approximately 60 to 90 minutes to complete.8 The MMPI-2-RF contains 338 questions and takes around 35 to 50 minutes to finish. The MMPI-3 contains 335 self-report items and takes 25 to 35 minutes to administer by computer and 35 to 40 minutes to administer by paper and pencil.7 Additionally, the MMPI is copyrighted by the Univers…
10 Clinical Scales
- The MMPI-2 and MMPI-A have 10 clinical scales that are used to indicate different psychological conditions, though the MMPI-2-RF and the MMPI-A-RF use different scales.9 Despite the names given to each scale, they are not a pure measure since many conditions have overlapping symptoms. Because of this, most psychologists simply refer to each scale by number. Here's a …
Validity Scales
- All of the MMPI tests use validity scales of varying sorts to help assess the accuracy of each individual's answers. Since these tests can be used for circumstances like employment screenings and custody hearings, test takers may not be completely honest in their answers. Validity scales can show how accurate the test is, as well as to what degree answers may have …
Summary
- The MMPI is the most frequently used and most extensively researched psychological assessment tool. It is used extensively to help doctors and therapists screen for and diagnose mental health conditions. The test involves completing a number of questions that correspond to different scales that correspond to certain mental health conditions. However, mental health pro…
A Word from Verywell
- If you've been asked to take the MMPI, there isn't anything you need to do to prepare. Instead, be ready to answer the questions as honestly as possible. If you have questions, you should be given the opportunity to ask beforehand by the test administrator. You may feel apprehensive about the test and the possibility of being diagnosed with a mental health condition. It is important to rem…