Full Answer
Why do we need to assess clients?
Some considerations when applying theory to the assessment and treatment of clients are how valid the theory is, as well as which theory is... See full answer below.
What are client assessments?
Sep 25, 2020 · Identifying patterns and themes associated with the information gathered during the assessment phases Applying a theory Considering how issues such as race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, socioeconomic status, family structure, trauma and/or sexual and gender orientation impact a client's presenting concerns
Who should be involved in the assessment process?
3.1.2. Key Concepts in Assessment. The assessment process involves three critical concepts – reliability, validity, and standardization. Actually, these three are important to science in general. First, we want the assessment to be reliable or consistent. Outside of clinical assessment, when our car has an issue and we take it to the mechanic, we want to make sure that what one …
What are the considerations for practice?
Jul 13, 2015 · Client assessments lead to informed decisions that impact on care planning, resources allocation and other services. The assessment process determines the most appropriate and effective way to support clients. Assessment usually starts soon after admission, however it depends of the organization and availability of staff.
What factors need to be taken into account when diagnosing and assessing clients?
*Clinicians must consider various factors such as test-taking abilities, situational, linguistic, and cultural differences, that may affect judgements or accuracy of client interpretations. Procedures used need to be appropriate fo the clients.
Why is it important for counselors to follow and develop a theoretical orientation when working with clients?
Having a theoretical orientation helps bridge the gap between theory and practice [40]. Having a theoretical orientation also allows beginning counseling students to become confident and competent during their training process allowing them to develop practical interventions and counseling goals [9, 16, 22].Dec 30, 2016
How did theory help you understand your client?
Theories help counselors understand the dynamics of human behavior and choose therapeutic approaches appropriate to specific clients and situations. Psychological theories come alive in the counselor's mind if they are seen as extensions of life experiences of various theorists.
Why is it important for a Counsellor to understand the different theories and approaches to counseling?
Theory helps inexperienced counselors by serving as a “road map.” Novice counselors can rely on theory to provide direction and help ensure they will be effective with clients. Theory also helps more experienced counselors by facilitating their integration of self and external knowledge.Jan 17, 2013
What role does theory play in the development of case conceptualization?
Theory-focused conceptualizations operate through the lens of a specific therapy orientation. These focus on how people develop symptoms and, from the theory, which treatment goals to develop as well as a plan of techniques. We will approach case conceptualization from a theory-focused orientation.
Why is working from a counseling theory important?
Most theories propose that counselors are competent to address most of the major life issues that clients present within the therapeutic relationship, however. Therefore, being knowledgeable and well-trained in a particular theory may increase a counselor's competence and confidence when working with clients in need.Nov 19, 2013
What is the role of theory in relation to helping relationships?
A theory provides a structure for sorting and organizing all the information. Whether a therapist adopts the work of the psychodynamic thinkers, the behaviorists, the cognitivists, or the post modern school of family therapy, the theory provides a structure for inquiry and guidance for developing interventions.Sep 8, 2017
What is the purpose of a theory?
Definition. Theories are formulated to explain, predict, and understand phenomena and, in many cases, to challenge and extend existing knowledge within the limits of critical bounding assumptions. The theoretical framework is the structure that can hold or support a theory of a research study.Apr 16, 2022
How can these help in addressing clients concern?
Here's 5 tips on how to address client concerns:Start with a solid brief. To avoid misunderstandings later down the track, any new project should begin with a clear brief. ... Build rapport. ... Communication and consistency. ... When not to compromise on costs. ... Keeping track of time.Nov 23, 2021
Why is theory important in Counselling UK?
First and foremost theories in counselling facilitates counsellors to discover connections and the commonness among the variety of existence. Secondly, it helps counsellors to examine areas they may have missed out.Jan 1, 2015
How counseling process and counseling method differ with each other?
Process can refer to what the counselor does with the client as well as how change occurs within the client. In contrast, counseling outcome refers to the results or effects of counseling. Outcomes are those phenomena that change in the client as a direct or indirect result of counseling.
How does theory underpin Counselling skills and techniques?
Theories Underpin Skills – If the listener is knowledgeable and capable of practising a range of theories, there is the opportunity to consider and explore the needs of the speaker to determine which therapeutic model would be most effective in the helping relationship.
What are the three critical concepts of assessment?
The assessment process involves three critical concepts – reliability, validity, and standardization . Actually, these three are important to science in general. First, we want the assessment to be reliable or consistent. Outside of clinical assessment, when our car has an issue and we take it to the mechanic, we want to make sure that what one mechanic says is wrong with our car is the same as what another says, or even two others. If not, the measurement tools they use to assess cars are flawed. The same is true of a patient who is suffering from a mental disorder. If one mental health professional says the person suffers from major depressive disorder and another says the issue is borderline personality disorder, then there is an issue with the assessment tool being used (in this case, the DSM and more on that in a bit). Ensuring that two different raters are consistent in their assessment of patients is called interrater reliability. Another type of reliability occurs when a person takes a test one day, and then the same test on another day. We would expect the person’s answers to be consistent, which is called test-retest reliability. For example, let’s say the person takes the MMPI on Tuesday and then the same test on Friday. Unless something miraculous or tragic happened over the two days in between tests, the scores on the MMPI should be nearly identical to one another. What does identical mean? The score at test and the score at retest are correlated with one another. If the test is reliable, the correlation should be very high (remember, a correlation goes from -1.00 to +1.00, and positive means as one score goes up, so does the other, so the correlation for the two tests should be high on the positive side).
What are the limitations of an interview?
The limitation of the interview is that it lacks reliability, especially in the case of the unstructured interview. 3.1.3.3. Psychological tests and inventories. Psychological tests assess the client’s personality, social skills, cognitive abilities, emotions, behavioral responses, or interests.
What is clinical diagnosis?
Clinical diagnosis is the process of using assessment data to determine if the pattern of symptoms the person presents with is consistent with the diagnostic criteria for a specific mental disorder outlined in an established classification system such as the DSM-5 or I CD-10 (both will be described shortly). Any diagnosis should have clinical utility, meaning it aids the mental health professional in determining prognosis, the treatment plan, and possible outcomes of treatment (APA, 2013). Receiving a diagnosis does not necessarily mean the person requires treatment. This decision is made based upon how severe the symptoms are, level of distress caused by the symptoms, symptom salience such as expressing suicidal ideation, risks and benefits of treatment, disability, and other factors (APA, 2013). Likewise, a patient may not meet the full criteria for a diagnosis but require treatment nonetheless.
Can personality be assessed?
That said, personality cannot be directly assessed, and so you do not ever completely know the individual. 3.1.3.4. Neurological tests. Neurological tests are used to diagnose cognitive impairments caused by brain damage due to tumors, infections, or head injuries; or changes in brain activity.
Does receiving a diagnosis mean you need treatment?
Receiving a diagnosis does not necessarily mean the person requires treatment. This decision is made based upon how severe the symptoms are, level of distress caused by the symptoms, symptom salience such as expressing suicidal ideation, risks and benefits of treatment, disability, and other factors (APA, 2013).
What is client assessment?
Client assessments lead to informed decisions that impact on care planning, resources allocation and other services. The assessment process determines the most appropriate and effective way to support clients. Assessment usually starts soon after admission, however it depends of the organization and availability of staff.
What is the role of a case manager in an assessment?
In many organizations a case manager is assigned to support clients during the assessment process.
Why is it important to communicate with other health practitioners before developing a care plan?
Before developing a care plan, it is important that staff communicate with other health practitioners to gather information outside the scope of their own roles e.g. behaviour management, psychological issues, and special dietary requirements amongst others.
What is psychotherapy theory?
Psychotherapy theories provide a framework for therapists and counselors to interpret a client’s behavior, thoughts, and feelings and help them navigate a client’s journey from diagnosis to post-treatment. Theoretical approaches are an understandably integral part of the therapeutic process.
What is behavioral theory?
Behavioral theory is based on the belief that behavior is learned. Classic conditioning is one type of behavioral therapy that stems from early theorist Ivan Pavlov’s research. Pavlov executed a famous study using dogs, which focused on the effects of a learned response (e.g., a dog salivating when hearing a bell) through a stimulus (e.g., pairing the sound of a bell with food).
What is cognitive theory?
In the 1960s, psychotherapist Aaron Beck developed cognitive theory#N#External link:#N#open_in_new. This counseling theory focus es on how people’s thinking can change feelings and behaviors. Unlike psychodynamic theory, therapy based on cognitive theory is brief in nature and oriented toward problem solving. Cognitive therapists focus more on their client’s present situation and distorted thinking than on their past. Cognitive and behavioral therapy are often combined as one form of theory practiced by counselors and therapists. Cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT, has been found in research#N#External link:#N#open_in_new to help with a number of mental illnesses including anxiety, personality, eating, and substance abuse disorders.
What is cognitive behavioral therapy?
Cognitive and behavioral therapy are often combined as one form of theory practiced by counselors and therapists. Cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT, has been found in research. open_in_new to help with a number of mental illnesses including anxiety, personality, eating, and substance abuse disorders.
How does a behavioral therapist work?
Behavioral therapists work on changing unwanted and destructive behaviors through behavior modification techniques such as positive or negative reinforcement .
Why is psychodynamic theory more time intensive?
Psychodynamic theory can be more time intensive in comparison to some short-term theories because it involves changing deeply ingrained behaviors and requires significant work on understanding one’s self.
What is a humanistic therapist?
Humanistic therapists care most about the present and helping their clients achieve their highest potential. Instead of energy spent on the past or on negative behaviors, humanists believe in the goodness of all people and emphasize a person’s self-growth and self-actualization.
What are the core conditions of counseling?
The core conditions of congruence, unconditional positive regard, and empathy promote client personality change, through innate self-actualizing tendencies. These conditions are critical and need be present in the counseling relationship and also communicated to the client. The core conditions set a tone of trust, respect, and a non-judgmental orientation that are the foundational to the approach and cornerstones of the counseling profession. Reviewed below are the core conditions of congruence , unconditional positive regard, empathy, the communication of the condition, recommendations for practice, and research.
What is person centered theory?
Person centered theory is based on a phenomenological understanding of the client’s subjective world views and unconditional positive regard, congruence, and empathy regarding therapy outcomes (Rogers, 1957). Humanism and specifically, person centered theory, is the most commonly used assumption driving the early clinical training experiences ...
What is unconditional positive regard?
Unconditional positive regard involves the counselor experiencing warm acceptance of the client’s experience and Rogers (1957) defined it as, “there are no conditions of acceptance, no feeling of ‘I like you only if you are thus and so’” (p. 97) and this warm acceptance is communicated to the client. When a counselor does not put conditions of worth on the client, they respond with more confidence and less hostility (Kensit, 2000). Furthermore, Rogers (1961) notes that the condition of unconditional positive regard involves the counselor’s willingness for the client to feel whatever is going on inside of them, here-and-now. Although unconditional positive regard is defined many different ways, Farber and Doolin (2011) found, “positive regard has a moderate association with psychotherapy outcomes” (p. 61). Additionally, Rogers (1960) notes “research studies show that the more this attitude is experienced by the therapist, the more likelihood there is that therapy will be successful” (p. 62). Even-though unconditional positive regard is defined many ways, in general, it has a positive outcome on the therapeutic process.
What is empathy in therapy?
Empathy is “the therapist experiencing an accurate, empathic understanding of the client’s awareness of his own experience. To sense the client’s private world as if it were your own, but without ever losing the ‘as if’ quality—this is empathy, and seems essential to therapy” (Rogers, 1957, p. 97).
What is congruence in counseling?
Congruence is the counselor being genuine, and without a façade, in communicating to the client the interpersonal dynamics of the therapeutic relationship and communicating congruence and genuineness is critical for client personality change (Rogers, 1957) and, in practice, can be communicated through meta-statements and metaphors.
What is empathy in counseling?
Empathy is “the therapist experiencing an accurate , empathic understanding of the client’s awareness of his own experience. To sense the client’s private world as if it were your own, but without ever losing the ‘as if’ quality—this is empathy, and seems essential to therapy” (Rogers, 1957, p. 97). Roger’s held that empathic understanding could be directed subjectively, interpersonally, and objectively.
What does congruence mean in therapy?
Rogers (1957) describes congruence as, “the therapist should be, within the confines of this relationship, a congruent, genuine, integrated person. This means…he is freely and deeply himself” (p. 96). Congruence is the counselor being genuine, and without a façade, in communicating to the client the interpersonal dynamics of the therapeutic relationship and communicating congruence and genuineness is critical for client personality change (Rogers, 1957) and, in practice, can be communicated through meta-statements and metaphors.
What is client-treatment matching?
Client–treatment matching attempts to place the client in those treatments most appropriate to his or her needs. There are a number of dimensions on which treatments may vary and which need to be considered in attempting to make an appropriate referral or match (Marlatt 1988; W.R. Miller 1989 b; Institute of Medicine 1990; Donovan et al. 1994; Gastfriend and McLellan 1997). Among these dimensions are treatment setting (e.g., inpatient, residential, outpatient), treatment intensity, specific treatment modalities, and the degree of therapeutic structure. A number of possible variables may interact with these dimensions to lead to differential outcomes, making the clinician’s task more difficult.
What is the primary goal of assessment?
Within the clinical context, the primary goal of assessment is to determine those characteristics of the client and his or her life situation that may influence treatment decisions and contribute to the success of treatment (Allen 1991). Additionally, assessment procedures are crucial to the treatment planning process.
What is Shiffman's theory of relapse proneness?
Shiffman (1989) suggested that three levels of information are necessary in order to gain a sense of the individual’s “relapse proneness,” and thus are relevant to treatment planning. These fall along a continuum of their proximity, in both time and influence, to the probability of relapse.
What is counseling theory?
Counseling theories are used by counselors as part of their treatment plan for clients. There are many types of theories that counselors can choose from. These theories are usually hosen based on the client needs and what the counselor
What is the role of screening in psychotherapy?
Screening and assessment play a critical role in psychotherapy. Extend of collecting details during assessment always differ depending on the settings of treatment as well as circumstances. For example, within primary settings like hospitals and medical practices, the aim of screening tends to be for determining hazardous or dependent drinkers. Screening This is described as a formal process of testing used in identifying if there is need or no need of further attention during such moment based
What is the goal of mental health?
issues that affect an individual’s overall well-being. The mental health professionals’ overall goal for any client is optimal mental health. Principles resulting from the examination of human development, has helped mental health counselors with being able to diagnose and treat mental and emotional disorders through the use of efficient techniques aimed at prevention. The perspective of Counseling varies depending on the specialized field but the main mission aims to increase an individual’s sense of