Which medical term is used for a condition that results from pulmonary hypertension creating chronic pressure overload in the right ventricle?
Cor pulmonale refers to altered structure or function of the right ventricle resulting from pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with chronic lung disease (see Chapter 59).
Which factor first contributes to the production of mucus associated with chronic bronchitis?
The primary mechanisms responsible for excessive mucus in COPD are overproduction and hypersecretion by goblet cells and decreased elimination of mucus.
Which of the following inflammatory mediators are produced in asthma?
Many inflammatory mediators (histamine, prostanoids, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, adenosine, bradykinin, and sensory neuropeptides) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and produce their effects by activating specific cell surface receptors.
Which immunoglobulin may contribute to the pathophysiologic characteristics of asthma?
Atopy, the genetic predisposition for the development of an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated response to common aeroallergens, is the strongest identifiable predisposing factor for developing asthma.
What is the treatment for chronic bronchitis?
Chronic bronchitis is not curable but there are a number of treatments that can help you manage your symptoms. These include bronchodilators that open your airways, steroids to reduce inflammation, oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation.
What is the fastest way to cure chronic bronchitis?
You can start with these basic steps:Drink lots of fluids, especially water. Try eight to 12 glasses a day to help thin out that mucus and make it easier to cough up. ... Get plenty of rest.Use over-the-counter pain relievers with ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve), or aspirin to help with pain.
Which medication is the best treatment for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD?
Today, the treatment of asthma and COPD globally is dominated by the use of inhaled fixed-dose combinations of a long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) and an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS).
What is the management of asthma?
The four parts of managing asthma are: Identify and minimize contact with asthma triggers. Understand and take medications as prescribed. Monitor asthma to recognize signs when it is getting worse.
Which of the following options is a feature of chronic asthma airway Remodelling?
Features of airway remodelling include subepithelial fibrosis, an elevated number and volume of mucous cells in the epithelium, increased amounts of airway smooth muscle and increased vascularization of the airway wall.
What is chronic asthma?
Asthma is a chronic (long-term) condition that affects the airways in the lungs. The airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the airways can become inflamed and narrowed at times.
Is there a difference between asthma and chronic asthma?
Whereas acute asthma can occur at random, chronic asthma is a long-term problem that any person could experience. A person with chronic asthma may feel regular inflammation in the airways, causing them to become narrow. Asthma attacks or flareups can occur at varying points.
What pathophysiologic changes would most likely occur with chronic asthma and allergy?
Asthma involves many pathophysiologic factors, including bronchiolar inflammation with airway constriction and resistance that manifests as episodes of coughing, shortness of breath, and wheezing. Asthma can affect the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.
What is Corpulmonale?
Cor pulmonale is a condition that causes the right side of the heart to fail. Long-term high blood pressure in the arteries of the lung and right ventricle of the heart can lead to cor pulmonale.
What Orthopnea means?
Orthopnea is the sensation of breathlessness in the recumbent position, relieved by sitting or standing. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) is a sensation of shortness of breath that awakens the patient, often after 1 or 2 hours of sleep, and is usually relieved in the upright position.
What is the term used to describe a respiratory infection that results in pus in the pleural space?
The term empyema is most commonly used to refer to pus-filled pockets that develop in the pleural space. This is the slim space between the outside of the lungs and the inside of the chest cavity. Empyema is a serious condition that requires treatment.
What is the causes of emphysema?
The main cause of emphysema is long-term exposure to airborne irritants, including: Tobacco smoke. Marijuana smoke. Air pollution.