How is the list of underlying medical conditions grouped?
The conditions are grouped by the level of evidence, with the highest level at the top. The list of underlying medical conditions is not exhaustive and will be updated as the science evolves. CDC is currently reviewing additional underlying conditions, and some of these might have sufficient evidence to be added to the list.
How do we address mental and/or substance-use problems and illnesses?
Moreover, mental and/or substance-use (M/SU) problems and illnesses frequently affect and are addressed by education, child welfare, and other human service systems.
What is the one health approach?
The One Health approach brings together multiple sectors and stakeholders engaged in human, terrestrial and aquatic animal and plant health, food and feed production and the environment to communicate and work together in the design and implementation of programmes, policies, legislation and research to attain better public health outcomes.
Should co-occurring disorders be treated specialty care?
The study notes: “Too often, when individuals with co-occurring disorders do enter specialty care, they are likely to bounce back and forth between the mental health and substance abuse services systems, receiving treatment for the co-occurring disorder serially, at best” (SAMHSA, undated: i ).
What is a co-occurring disorder?
Co-occurring disorders may include any combination of two or more substance use disorders and mental disorders identified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) (link is external) . No specific combinations of mental and substance use disorders are defined uniquely as co-occurring disorders.
What are the most common mental disorders in MAT?
Some of the most common mental disorders seen in MAT include: Anxiety and mood disorders. Schizophrenia. Bi polar disorder. Major depressive disorder. Conduct disorders. Post-traumatic stress disorder. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Learn more about the most common mental disorders in the United States.
What are the different types of mental disorders?
No specific combinations of mental and substance use disorders are defined uniquely as co-occurring disorders. Some of the most common mental disorders seen in MAT include: 1 Anxiety and mood disorders 2 Schizophrenia 3 Bipolar disorder 4 Major depressive disorder 5 Conduct disorders 6 Post-traumatic stress disorder 7 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Is mental illness a substance use disorder?
The coexistence of both a mental illness and a substance use disorder, known as a co-occurring disorder, is common among people in medication-assisted treatment (MAT). People with mental illness are more likely to experience a substance use disorder than those not affected by a mental illness. According to SAMHSA’s 2018 National Survey on Drug Use ...
What is the healing system?
These systems are based on the belief that one’s body has the power to heal itself. Healing often involves marshalling multiple techniques that involve the mind, body and spirit. Treatment is often individualized and dependent on the presenting symptoms.
Why is acupuncture used?
The acupuncture is being practiced for relief or the prevention of pain and for various other health conditions. Preclinical studies have documented acupuncture’s effects, but they have not been able to fully explain how acupuncture works within the framework of the western system of medicine.
What is traditional oriental medicine?
Traditional oriental medicine consists of a group of techniques and methods, including acupuncture, herbal medicine, oriental massage and qi gong (a form of energy therapy described more fully below). Naturopathy (naturopathic medicine) is a whole medical system that has its roots in Germany.
Should people choose alternative medicine?
People who choose alternative medicine may think they are choosing a safe, effective medicine, while they may only be getting quack remedies.
Is meditation considered a mainstream practice?
Many that have a well-documented theoretical basis, for example, patient education and cognitive-behavioral approaches are now considered “mainstream”. On the other hand, meditation, certain uses of hypnosis, dance, music and art therapy and prayer and mental healing are categorized as complementary and alternative.
What is the purpose of World Antibiotic Awareness Week?
This will reflect the broadened scope of WAAW to include all antimicrobials including antibiotics, antifungals, antiparasitics and antivirals. Held annually since 2015, WAAW is a global campaign that aims to raise awareness of antimicrobial resistance worldwide and encourage best practices among the general public , health workers and policy makers to slow the development and spread of drug-resistant infections. The Tripartite Executive Committee decided to set all future WAAW dates as 18 to 24 November, starting with WAAW 2020. The overarching slogan used for the last 5 years was “Antibiotics: Handle with Care.” This has been changed to “Antimicrobials: Handle with Care” in 2020.
What is the global action plan for AMR?
Globally, countries committed to the framework set out in the Global Action Plan 1 (GAP) 2015 on AMR during the 2015 World Health Assembly and committed to the development and implementation of multisectoral national action plans. It was subsequently endorsed by the Governing Bodies of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). To ensure global progress, countries need to ensure costing and implementation of national action plans across sectors to ensure sustainable progress. Prior to the endorsement of the GAP in 2015, global efforts to contain AMR included the WHO global strategy for containment of Antimicrobial Resistance developed in 2001 which provides a framework of interventions to slow the emergence and reduce the spread of AMR.
What is AMR in health?
AMR is a complex problem that requires a united multisectoral approach. The One Health approach brings together multiple sectors and stakeholders engaged in human, terrestrial and aquatic animal and plant health, food and feed production and the environment to communicate and work together in the design and implementation of programmes, policies, legislation and research to attain better public health outcomes.
Purpose
An updated list of high-risk underlying conditions, based on what has been reported in the literature as of August 31, 2021 is provided below. The conditions are grouped by the level of evidence, with the highest level at the top. The list of underlying medical conditions is not exhaustive and will be updated as the science evolves.
Background
We continue to learn more about the risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes. Age is the strongest risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes. Approximately 54.1 million people aged 65 years or older reside in the United States; in 2020 this age group accounted for 81% of U.S.
Summary of Conditions with Evidence
1. Comorbidities that are supported by at least one meta-analysis or systematic review or by review method defined in Scientific Evidence brief.
Actions Providers Can Take
Approved and authorized COVID-19 vaccines (initial doses and boosters) are safe and effective and should be administered to people at higher risk including people with some underlying medical conditions.
Key Findings from One Large Cross-Sectional Study
Underlying Medical Conditions and Severe Illness Among 540,667 Adults Hospitalized With COVID-19, March 2020–March 2021