What are therapeutic radionuclides and their clinical applications?
Selected therapeutic radionuclides and their clinical applications Various radionuclides have been discovered or developed for therapeutic purposes since the first use of radium in the early 1900s. The most commonly used therapeutic radionuclide today is iodine-131 labelled with sodium iodide (131I-NaI) in capsule or liquid form.
Can radionuclides be used to treat malignant tumors?
Abstract The potential use of radionuclides in therapy has been recognized for many decades. A number of radionuclides, such as iodine-131 (131I), phosphorous-32 (32P), strontium-90 (90Sr), and yttrium-90 (90Y), have been used successfully for the treatment of many benign and malignant disorders.
What are the most common radionuclides used in bioreactors?
Most of the radionuclides used are β−emitters, e.g., strontium-89 (89Sr) and samarium-153 (153Sm), which release highly energetic electrons that deposit their energy over up to several millimetres in the surrounding tissues.
What are some radiology techniques used to diagnose diseases?
Using a combination of crystals with a small amount of water to add air to the stomach during a barium enema. electromagnetic A specialized field of radiology that involves the use of both electrical and magnetic fields for diagnosis of disease processes. positron emission tomography
What is the branch of medicine that deals with the use of radionuclides in diagnosis and treatment of disease?
Nuclear medicine procedures are used in diagnosing and treating certain illnesses. These procedures use radioactive materials called radiopharmaceuticals. Examples of diseases treated with nuclear medicine procedures are hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, lymphomas, and bone pain from some types of cancer.
What is a radioactive drug that is used in the diagnosis and treatment of disease?
The most widely used radioisotope in diagnostic nuclear medicine is technetium-99m. It can be attached to several specific molecules, allowing the diagnosis of many diseases, including certain types of cancers.
What is the radionuclide that is most commonly used in medicine for diagnosis?
Various radionuclides have been discovered or developed for therapeutic purposes since the first use of radium in the early 1900s. The most commonly used therapeutic radionuclide today is iodine-131 labelled with sodium iodide (131I-NaI) in capsule or liquid form.
What is the branch of medicine that uses radioactive isotopes?
Nuclear medicine is a specialized area of radiology that uses very small amounts of radioactive materials, or radiopharmaceuticals, to examine organ function and structure.
What is radioactivity used for in medicine?
For therapy, radioactive materials are used to kill cancerous tissue, shrink a tumor or reduce pain. There are three main types of therapy in nuclear medicine. Teletherapy targets cancerous tissue with an intense beam of radiation.
What are radioactive medications?
A drug that contains a radioactive substance and is used to diagnose or treat disease, including cancer. Also called radiopharmaceutical.
Where are radionuclides used in medicine?
Radionuclide therapy can be used to treat conditions such as hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, skin cancer and blood disorders.
Where are radionuclides used?
Uses. Radionuclides are used in two major ways: either for their radiation alone (irradiation, nuclear batteries) or for the combination of chemical properties and their radiation (tracers, biopharmaceuticals).
How radionuclides can be used in the medical field?
Some medical radionuclides give off alpha or beta radiation (particles), and these are used for treating diseases such as cancer. They are administered as radiopharmaceuticals that target specific characteristics of tumours, such as over expression of certain receptors on cell surfaces.
What is the difference between radiology and nuclear medicine?
The primary difference between nuclear medicine and radiology is that nuclear medicine creates images using internal radiation waves from inside the body while radiology develops images through apply external energy waves to the body.
What are the characteristics of radionuclide used in nuclear medicine?
Some characteristics are necessary for considering radiopharmaceuticals clinically useful for imaging: the decay of the radionuclide should be in specific ranges of energy emissions (511 keV for positron emission tomography – PET and 100-200 keV for gamma cameras) and in sufficient quantity for tomography detection; 2) ...
What is positron emission tomography?
positron emission tomography. A form of imaging permitting visualizing the physiologic function of the body. uptake study. Procedure in which a patient ingests a radioactive substance under careful supervision and returns within 24 hours to have the amount of radioactive substance in a particular organ measured.
What is the term for a combination of crystals with a small amount of water to add air to the stomach
Barium remaining in the intestinal tract following evacuation at the completion of X-ray studies. enema. Introduces the contrast medium into the colon via a tube. double contrast. Using a combination of crystals with a small amount of water to add air to the stomach during a barium enema. electromagnetic.
What is a teletherapy procedure?
teletherapy. Radiation therapy administered by a machine that is positioned at some distance from the patient.
What is the branch of medicine that deals with the physiologic, medical, psychologic, and epidemiologic problems involved
aviation medicine the branch of medicine that deals with the physiologic, medical, psychologic, and epidemiologic problems involved in flying. ayurvedic medicine the traditional medicine of India, done according to Hindu scriptures and making use of plants and other healing materials native to India.
What is emergency medicine?
emergency medicine the medical specialty that deals with the acutely ill or injured who require immediate medical treatment. See also emergency and emergency care. experimental medicine study of the science of healing diseases based on experimentation in animals. family medicine family practice.
What is behavioral medicine?
behavioral medicine a type of psychosomatic medicine focused on psychological means of influencing physical symptoms, such as biofeedback or relaxation. clinical medicine. 1. the study of disease by direct examination of the living patient. 2. the last two years of the usual curriculum in a medical college.
What is complementary medicine?
complementary medicine ( complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)) a large and diverse set of systems of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention based on philosophies and techniques other than those used in conventional Western medicine, often derived from traditions of medical practice used in other, non-Western cultures.
What is the definition of medicine?
medicine. [ med´ĭ-sin] 1. any drug or remedy. 2. the art and science of the diagnosis and treatment of disease and the maintenance of health. 3. the nonsurgical treatment of disease. alternative medicine see complementary and alternative medicine.
What is psychosomatic medicine?
psychosomatic medicine the study of the interrelations between bodily processes and emotional life. socialized medicine a system of medical care regulated and controlled by the government; called also state medicine.
What are some alternatives to NSAIDs for arthritis?
Alternative treatments for your arthritis pain: Tai chi, fish oil, and capsaicin gel might be effective, drug-free alternatives to NSAIDs. Almost half of people turn to complementary medicine at some point in their lives, spending more than pounds 450m a year, the report said.