What is used in prophylaxis of migraine?
First-line therapies for migraine prophylaxis in adults include propranolol (Inderal), timolol (Blocadren), amitriptyline, divalproex (Depakote), sodium valproate, and topiramate (Topamax).Jan 1, 2006
When is prophylactic therapy indicated for migraine Headache?
The following may be considered indications for prophylactic migraine therapy: Frequency of migraine attacks is greater than 2 per month. Duration of individual attacks is longer than 24 hours. The headaches cause major disruptions in the patient's lifestyle, with significant disability that lasts 3 or more days.
What is the first-line treatment for migraine headache?
Acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are first-line treatments for mild to moderate migraines, whereas triptans are first-line treatments for moderate to severe migraines. Although triptans are effective, they may be expensive.Feb 15, 2018
What is the use of Flunarizine tablets?
Flunarizine has been used in medical practice for over 25 years. It was initially introduced as a medicine to improve blood flow and is a medicine known as a calcium channel blocker. It has been mainly used in the treatment of dizziness, vertigo and prevention of migraine.
What is prophylactic pharmacologic therapies?
Prophylactic treatment is used to reduce the frequency, duration, or severity of attacks, to enhance the benefits of acute treatments, and to improve patient's ability to function normally.
What is the most effective treatment for migraines?
Many people who have migraines find that over-the-counter painkillers, such as paracetamol, aspirin and ibuprofen, can help to reduce their symptoms. They tend to be most effective if taken at the first signs of a migraine attack, as this gives them time to absorb into your bloodstream and ease your symptoms.
Which anticonvulsant may also be used as prophylaxis for migraine headaches?
sodium valproate (Depakote® and Depakote® ER) topiramate (Topamax®, Topiragen®, Qudexy DR®, and Trokendi®-XR2)
What is the IV treatment for migraine headaches?
Magnesium: Magnesium sulfate administered intravenously has successfully treated patients who have migraine with aura. In migraine patients without aura, magnesium did not reduce pain or nausea, but it did decrease sensitivity to light and sound.
What is the treatment for migraines?
Migraine treatment involves acute (abortive) and preventive (prophylactic) therapy. Patients with frequent attacks usually require both. Measures directed toward reducing migraine triggers are also generally advisable. Acute treatment aims to eliminate, or at least prevent the progression of, a headache.
What is migraine headache?
Migraine is a complex disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of headache, most often unilateral and in some cases associated with visual or sensory symptoms—collectively known as an aura—that arise most often before the head pain but that may occur during or afterward (see the image below).
How do you know if you have a migraine?
Signs and symptoms. Typical symptoms of migraine include the following: Throbbing or pulsatile headache, with moderate to severe pain that intensifies with movement or physical activity. Unilateral and localized pain in the frontotemporal and ocular area, but the pain may be felt anywhere around the head or neck.
What is a migraine variant?
A migraine variant may be suggested by focal neurologic findings, such as the following, that occur with the headache and persist temporarily after the pain resolves: Unilateral paralysis or weakness - Hemiplegic migraine. Dysarthria, vertigo, ataxia - Migraine with brainstem aura.
How long does a headache last?
Pain builds up over a period of 1–2 hours, progressing posteriorly and becoming diffuse. Headache lasts 4–72 hours. Nausea (80%) and vomiting (50%), including anorexia and food intolerance, and light-headedness. Sensitivity to light and sound.
Is migraine a long term condition?
Patient education is key to successful long-term management. Migraine is a chronic neurologic disorder that requires a lifestyle change at some level. For patient education information, see the Headache and Migraine Center, as well as the following: Causes and Treatments of Migraine and Related Headaches.
How long does a migraine aura last?
Usually develops over 5–20 minutes and lasts less than 60 minutes. Most commonly visual but can be sensory, motor, or any combination of these. Visual symptoms may be positive or negative.
What is the medication for migraine headaches?
The other medications will decrease pain with migraine headaches. pg 946. Ergotamine tartrate is a drug used in the treatment of migraines.
What is sumatriptan used for?
Sumatriptan is indicated for the treatment of acute migraine and cluster headaches. As such, the nurse should assess the client for indications of this health problem, more so than respiratory status or blood pressure. Narcotic withdrawal syndrome is unrelated. pg 941. The nurse is giving instructions to a client who has just been prescribed ...
How long does it take for beta blockers to work?
Beta blockers take several weeks to prevent migraines. The patient should be encouraged to keep taking the drug. The dosage should not be increased until the medication has had enough time to be effective. It is not an experimental treatment.
Does caffeine help with headaches?
Caffeine constricts blood vessels. Migraines are caused by the dilation of blood vessels. Enhancing neurologic function does not help to decrease headaches. Caffeine does not block prostaglandins, nor does it help the patient cope with the pain. pg 936.
Can you take opiods for headaches?
Opioid therapy is not typically given for tension headaches. A patient with a tension headache does not generally take caffeine. A patient with migraine headaches is not treated with oxygen therapy, but with drugs or therapies that cause vasoconstriction. pg 934.