Which agents are not useful as chemotherapeutic agents?
Agents that are static and, therefore, do not kill infecting microorganisms are not useful as chemotherapeutic agents. A drug that disrupts a microbial function not found in animal cells usually has a higher therapeutic index. therapeutic dose. Which of the following inhibits protein synthesis?
Why are viruses difficult to treat with chemotherapeutic agents?
Actually, viruses are not difficult to treat with chemotherapeutic agents. B. Viruses use the metabolic machinery of their hosts, which limits many of the potential points of attack. ________ and ________ can be used to prevent influenza A infections, reducing the incidence of influenza by 50 to 70% in an exposed population. A. azidothymidine.
Why are bacteria resistant to chemotherapeutic agents?
Bacteria in biofilms or abscesses may be replicating very slowly and are therefore resistant to chemotherapy because many agents affect pathogens only if they are actively growing and dividing. The chemotherapeutic agent must reach levels in the body that are ________ the pathogen’s MIC value if it is going to be effective.
What is the lowest concentration of a drug that kills pathogens?
therapeutic index. lowest concentration of a drug that kills a particular pathogen. minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Which of the following is a desirable general characteristic of antimicrobial drugs?
What are the factors to consider before using a chemotherapeutic agent?
Factors that must be considered in selecting chemotherapeutic agents include limitations of saturability of absorption, patient compliance and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes that occur in older patients. Interpatient variability and age-related changes in drug metabolism are discussed.
How does chemotherapeutic agent work?
The cell cycle is the process that cells in the body use to grow and divide. Chemotherapeutic agents work by targeting phases in the cell cycle. Since cancer cells grow and divide more rapidly than healthy cells, they're a good target for these drugs.
Which agents are used for chemotherapeutic effects?
Alkylating agentsAltretamine.Bendamustine.Busulfan.Carboplatin.Carmustine.Chlorambucil.Cisplatin.Cyclophosphamide.More items...•
Which among the following is a chemotherapeutic agent?
Overview of chemotherapeutic drugs classesOverview of important chemotherapeutic agentsDrug classSubgroupDrugAntimetabolitesAntifolatesPemetrexedPyrimidine antagonistsCytarabine (arabinofuranosyl cytidine)5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) Capecitabine (prodrug for 5-FU)45 more rows•May 27, 2022
What is chemotherapeutic agent in microbiology?
Chemotherapeutic agents (synthetic antibiotics): antimicrobial agents of synthetic origin useful in the treatment of microbial or viral disease. Examples are sulfonilamides, isoniazid, ethambutol, AZT, nalidixic acid and chloramphenicol.
What are the effects of chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy can cause fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, bowel issues such as constipation or diarrhoea, hair loss, mouth sores, skin and nail problems. You may have trouble concentrating or remembering things. There can also be nerve and muscle effects and hearing changes.
What is the most effective chemotherapy?
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) is one of the most powerful chemotherapy drugs ever invented. It can kill cancer cells at every point in their life cycle, and it's used to treat a wide variety of cancers. Unfortunately, the drug can also damage heart cells, so a patient can't take it indefinitely.
What are the characteristics of an ideal chemotherapeutic agent?
Abstract. The ideal antimicrobial agent should he nontoxic to the host (selective toxicity), non-allergenic, soluble in body fluids, able to be maintained at therapeutic levels, have a low probability of eliciting resistance, long shelf life, and low cost.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a chemotherapeutic agent?
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a chemotherapeutic agent? Explanation: A chemotherapeutic agent must be able to come in contact with the parasite by penetrating the cells and tissues of the host in effective concentrations. 2. Phenol is considered as a chemotherapeutic agent.
Which of the following chemotherapy agents act by interconnection?
Acridine dyes such as proflavine act by this intercalation mechanism, but because they are toxic and carcinogenic in mammals they cannot be used as antibacterial agents.
Why is amphotericin B more difficult to treat than bacterial?
Treatment of fungal infections is more difficult than treatment of bacterial infections because the greater metabolic similarity between the fungi and their hosts limits the ability of a drug to have a selective toxicity. true.
How do organisms exhibit resistance to a drug?
One way in which organisms may exhibit resistance to a drug is the ability to pump the drug out of the cell immediately after it has entered. true. The effects of most antimicrobial drugs are greater if the microorganisms are actively growing. true.
What is the MLC of a drug?
Side effects. The minimum lethal concentration (MLC) is the lowest concentration of drug from which organisms fail to recover when removed from the drug. true. Agents that are static and, therefore, do not kill infecting microorganisms are not useful as chemotherapeutic agents.
Is artemisinin an antimicrobial?
true. The antimicrobial action of artemisinin is not well understood but this chemical appears to. form reactive oxygen intermediates inside Plasmodium-infected red blood cells. Most of the drugs used to treat protozoan infection have insignificant side effects; because protozoa are prokaryotes, the potential for drug action on host cells ...