What are opioid analgesics multiple choice questions?
Drug Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions on “Opioid Analgesics”. 1. What are opioid analgesics? Clarification: Analgesics, or pain killers, that bind to opioid receptors which are found principally in the CNS and Gastrointestinal tract.
Why is the use of opioids contraindicated in patients with elevated intracranial pressure?
In patients with elevated intracranial pressure, this may lead to lethal alterations in brain function. Why is the use of opioids contraindicated in pregnant women? In pregnant women who are chronically using opioids, the fetus may become physically dependent in utero and manifest withdrawal symptoms in the early postpartum period.
Why is the use of opioids contraindicated in pregnant women?
Why is the use of opioids contraindicated in pregnant women? In pregnant women who are chronically using opioids, the fetus may become physically dependent in utero and manifest withdrawal symptoms in the early postpartum period. Why is the use of opioids contraindicated in patients with depressed pulmonary function?
What are opioids and narcotics?
Opioids, also called narcotics, are a class of drugs that bind to opioid receptors in the body. This action can help diminish feelings of pain in the body and can increase pleasurable sensations.
What drugs are contraindicated with opioids?
Certain antibiotics, including clarithromycin (Biaxin) Certain antidepressants. Certain antifungals, including itraconazole (Onmel, Sporanox), ketoconazole and voriconazole (Vfend) Certain antiretroviral drugs used for HIV infection, including atazanavir (Reyataz), indinavir (Crixivan), ritonavir (Norvir) and others.
Why should opioids not be prescribed?
In addition to the risk of abuse, misuse, and diversion, opioids carry a number of health risks. Side effects from using opioids may include respiratory depression, confusion, tolerance, and physical dependence. 4 For seniors, long-term use of prescription opioids also increases the likelihood of falls and fractures.
Which opioid drug should be avoided for older adults?
Opioids that should be avoided in the older patients include meperidine, propoxyphene, and tramadol. Meperidine has active metabolites which can cause neuroexcitation, nervousness, and seizures.
What should opioids not be combined with?
Mix an opioid with other medications, illegal drugs or alcohol. An overdose can be fatal when mixing an opioid and benzodiazepines — medications prescribed to treat anxiety and insomnia. Common benzodiazepines include diazepam (Valium®), alprazolam (Xanax®) and clonazepam (Klonopin®).
What are opioids best used for?
Opioids. Opioids are strong pain medications. They can help if you have severe short-term (acute) pain — like pain after surgery or for a broken bone. They can also help you manage pain if you have an illness like cancer.
When are opioids needed?
Prescription opioids can be used to help relieve moderate-to-severe pain and are often prescribed following a surgery or injury, or for certain health conditions. These medications can be an important part of treatment but also come with serious risks.
Who is at higher risk of opioid adverse effects?
Risk factors for opioid misuse or addiction include past or current substance abuse, untreated psychiatric disorders, younger age, and social or family environments that encourage misuse. Opioid mortality prevalence is higher in people who are middle aged and have substance abuse and psychiatric comorbidities.
How opioids affect the elderly?
Opioid use among older adults can result in excessive sedation, respiratory depression, and impairment in vision, attention, and coordination, as well as falls (SAMHSA, 2012). Older adults with opioid use disorder appear to be at a higher risk of death compared to younger adults with the disorder.
What are contraindications of analgesics?
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What are opioids examples?
Opioids are a class of drugs that include the illegal drug heroin, synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and pain relievers available legally by prescription, such as oxycodone (OxyContin®), hydrocodone (Vicodin®), codeine, morphine, and many others.
What is the purpose of opioids?
This action can help diminish feelings of pain in the body and can increase pleasurable sensations. Prescription opioids are used to treat moderate to severe pain. Some opioids may also be used to treat cough or diarrhea.
Why do people take opioids?
With continued use of opioids over time, the body releases fewer and fewer endorphins, often causing people to take increased doses to keep the flow of endorphins going .
How many opioid deaths were there in 2016?
When a person becomes dependent on opioids there is the potential for abuse and overdose. There were more than 42,000 opioid overdose deaths in the U.S. in 2016. An estimated 40% of those deaths involved a prescription opioid.
What is addiction in the brain?
Addiction is a chronic brain disease characterized by uncontrollable cravings, with compulsive drug use, an inability to control use, and continuing to use despite harm to the self or others. next question. 04.
How many people are affected by opioid use disorder?
Opioid use disorder is estimated to affect 2.1 million people in the U.S. Opioid use disorder is the misuse of prescribed opioid medications, using opioid medications for uses other than prescribed, or use of illegal heroin. It is usually a chronic and relapsing illness.
What happens when you stop taking opioids?
When a person takes opioids for prolonged periods of time, the body comes to depend on the drugs and stopping them can cause unpleasant withdrawal symptoms such as: Insomnia. Diarrhea. Vomiting. Restlessness. Sleep problems. Muscle aches and spasms. Goose bumps. Involuntary leg movements.
What are the risk factors for addiction?
Risk factors for addiction include: Genetic predisposition. Psychological factors (such as stress, depression, anxiety) Personality traits (such as impulsiveness) Psychiatric disorders. Abuse (physical, sexual, emotional) Substance abuse by family or friends. Drinking, smoking, or other drug use at a young age.
What is naloxone administered for?
Naloxone (Narcan) is administered to a client with severe respiratory depression and suspected drug overdose. After 20 minutes, the client remains unresponsive. The most likely explanation for this is: a.) The client did not use an opioid drug. b.) The dose of naloxone was inadequate. c.)
What is narcan in nursing?
A) Naloxone (Narcan) Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist that can reverse the effects, both adverse and therapeutic, of opioid narcotic analgesics. The nurse is planning care for a patient receiving morphine sulfate (Duramorph) by means of a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump.
Does morphine sulfate affect heart rate?
Patients should be monitored regularly for these effects to avoid respiratory compromise. Morphine sulfate does not significantly affect urine output, heart rate, or body temperature.
Is Vicodin a combination drug?
c.) Question the physician about the order. Vicodin is a combination drug of hydrocodone and acetaminophen. Acetaminophen can be hepatotoxic, and is contraindicated in liver disease. The nurse administers morphine sulfate 4 mg IV to a client for treatment of severe pain.
Can Naproxen be used for respiratory depression?
The healthcare provider prescribes naproxen (Naproxen) twice daily for a client with osteoarthritis of the hands. The client tells the nurse that the drug does not seem to be effective after three weeks.
Is BP low with morphine?
The BP is not significantly low. Drowsiness is an expected effect of morphine. Unrelieved pain warrants further assessment, but not as immediately as do decreased respirations. Nursing intervention for a client receiving opioid analgesics over an extended period of time should include: a.)
Does naloxone cause pain?
C) Increased pain. Naloxone is a medication that reverses the effects of narcotics. Although the patient's respiratory status will improve after the administration of naloxone, pain will be more acute. The client informs the nurse that he has experienced pain in the lower extremities for the past eight months.