including the environmental vector when selecting a wastewater treatment plant

What is technology selection in wastewater treatment?

As such, technology selection is an art of choosing, arranging, and weaving different components of the treatment plant to provide it a unique identity. It’s the basic building block that bestows a facility its heart and soul.

Should a wastewater treatment plant have a different name?

No one wants to have his or her home near a wastewater treatment plant, regardless of how well the plant is designed and is aesthetically acceptable. But calling it by a different name could mitigate that concern. Consider naming it a water reclamation plant, water conservation plant, water recycling plant or water factory instead.

Why build a wastewater treatment plant?

View a high resolution of the image on Flickr. Consider this: a city decided to build a wastewater treatment plant so that they can get rid of septic tanks throughout the city, which are overflowing or contaminating the groundwater aquifer by percolation and seepage.

What are the different types of wastewater treatment?

Wastewater from commercial and industrial processes is usually divided into the following four categories and dealt with accordingly: 1. Some wastewater can be treated on-site and reused within the plant for various purposes. 2. There are some wastewater treatment plants that are designed to treat industrial wastewater. 3.

What are the factors to be considered while selecting the site for the water treatment plant?

Most recent answerAt a distance from the place which people live.Large enough at the future.the source of water and the best location at deep point far from the soil.study the degree of contamination at the point.

What are the factors that influence the decision in choosing a suitable wastewater treatment method?

7.2. Factors Influencing Process SelectionContaminant Removal. Contaminant removal is the principal purpose of treatment for many source waters, particularly surface waters. ... Source Water Quality. ... Reliability. ... Existing Conditions. ... Process Flexibility. ... Utility Capabilities. ... Costs. ... Environmental Compatibility.More items...

What are the 3 steps involved in treating wastewater?

There are three main stages of the wastewater treatment process, aptly known as primary, secondary and tertiary water treatment. In some applications, more advanced treatment is required, known as quaternary water treatment.

What is the most important parameter for wastewater analysis?

The most popular sum parameter in waste water analysis are the BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), TOD (total oxygen demand) and TOC (total organic carbon). The TOC reflects the organic pollution on the basis of a direct carbon determination.

How do I choose a wastewater treatment?

There are three main factors that will help you choose the ideal wastewater treatment system:What are the wastewater characterizations of the production facility?What are the regulatory requirements for discharge from the plant?What are the outcomes of a thorough wastewater treatability study and pilot test?

What are the factors which can influences the wastewater treatment explain?

Additionally, they found that there are certain factors that influence the performance of water treatment plant as following: a) Monitoring and control system of existing water treatment plant b) Socio-cultural and economical factors regarding water supply and wastewater reuse c) Coordination between the national and ...

What is the first step in primary treatment plant?

Wastewater Primary Treatment is the first step in the water treatment process meant for removing suspended solids (TSS), oil and grease, colour, and odour. The key components in this step are screens, grit chamber, flow equalization tank, and clarifier.

What happens at a wastewater treatment plant?

There are two basic stages in the treat- ment of wastes, primary and secondary, which are outlined here. In the primary stage, solids are allowed to settle and removed from wastewater. The secondary stage uses biological processes to further purify wastewater. Sometimes, these stages are combined into one operation.

How will you treat the sewage before releasing into the environment Explain briefly with the help of a neat figure?

Primary treatment: It involves the physical removal of particles from sewage through filtration and sedimentation. Floating debris is removed by filtration and grit is removed by sedimentation. Thus, all solids which settle from the primary sludge and the supernatant forms the effluent.

What are the principal parameters to be measures for wastewater and soil qualities?

Tests can measure physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the wastewater....Contents2.1 pH value.2.2 Oxygen and oxygen demand. 2.2.1 Dissolved oxygen concentrations. 2.2.2 Biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand.2.3 Nitrogen.2.4 Phosphorus.2.5 Chlorine.

What are the 6 main indicators of water quality?

They include dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, salinity and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). They also include measures of toxicants such as insecticides, herbicides and metals. Physico-chemical indicators provide information on what is impacting on the system.

What are the 3 characteristics of wastewater?

Turbidity.Color.Odor.Total solids.Temperature.

Abstract

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a methodology to generate environmental impact estimates associated with the life cycle stages of a product or process. The approach facilitates a more comprehensive outlook of the end-of-pipe process impacts, in which wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are included.

Keywords

Thematic issue on Modelling and evaluating the sustainability of smart solutions.

What is considered a design engineer when selecting sites for recreational treatment facilities?

The planning design engineer, when selecting sites for recreational treatment facilities, must ensure that the planned facility will not cause interference or detractions from the natural, scenic, aesthetic, scientific, or historical value of the area. In addition, topographic, geological, hydrogeologic, ...

What factors are considered when designing a treatment facility for a recreational area?

In addition, topographic, geological, hydrogeologic, and atmospheric factors and conditions must be considered when designing the treatment facility for a recreational area. For specific considerations regarding site selection, space, and access requirements.

Why is it important to locate recreational treatment facilities downwind from visitation centers?

Generally, it is best to locate recreational treatment facilities downwind from visitation centers to minimize odor and aerosol problems.

Is a flat terrain wastewater treatment plant well drained?

Many recreational areas are well drained and gently sloping. Flat terrain usually requires a decision concerning pumping of wastewater to some point within the plant before adequate gravity flow can be obtained. Additional pumping costs may be necessary for a treatment facility on a site remote from visitor concentrations.

Where is Tillman Water Reclamation Plant located?

A plant located in the Los Angeles area, owned and operated by the city of Los Angeles—the Tillman Water Reclamation Plant—houses a beautiful Japanese Garden on its property (below), which is regularly visited by tourists and has become a sought-after place for holding wedding ceremonies and receptions.

How to build a plant?

A good layout can often be helpful in public acceptance of the project. Consider the following: 1 Locate the plant downwind of residences and other concerned neighbors. 2 Keep some buffer between residences and the nearest plant facility (say 500 ft.). 3 Build odorous facilities farthest from residences (i.e. headworks). 4 Cover and/or house the odor causing facilities, provide necessary ventilation and air scrubbing.

How tall are chemical scrubbers?

The chemicals oxidize hydrogen sulfide and other odorous compounds producing innocuous byproducts. If the owners prefer chemical scrubbers, they usually will be tall (10 to 15 ft.), but can be hidden behind an architecturally designed wall facing the neighbors. In exceptional cases, the wall can have a nice mural painted on it to enhance appearance. [See Figure 1]

Is membrane bioreactor better than activated sludge?

For example, membrane bioreactors (MBR), by virtue of their smaller footprint, may be a better treatment process than conventional activated sludge. In small size plants, with MBRs, it may be possible to eliminate primary clarifiers, which often generate more odors than other processes at the plant.

Should structures be off-set?

This should be avoided. Structures, if possible, should be off-set, rotated, and separated to provide a more open appearance. The bottom line is to be conscious and appreciative of the needs and concerns of the neighbors, and to build facilities that are compatible with their homes and businesses.

Should natural terrain be scarred?

Natural terrain should not be scarred to the extent possible, if the existing terrain is pleasing. Structures built in the project should blend in. Too often, treatment facilities are laid out in straight lines and pushed together, resulting in the appearance of an industrial facility. This should be avoided.

Can a plant degrade a neighborhood?

The plant should not degrade the neighborhood. This can be accomplished in a number of ways. The buildings associated with the project should match the buildings in the surrounding neighborhood—both architecturally and in materials selection. Sometimes, the fencing can be an eye sore.

How does the EPA identify biosolids?

EPA identifies pollutants found in biosolids through open literature reviews and sewage sludge surveys in order to assess their potential risk to public health and the environment. More than 500 pollutants have been found to occur in biosolids (in at least one instance) since EPA began tracking their occurrence in 1993 when 40 CFR Part 503 was promulgated. Not all of the approximately 500 pollutants that have been found in biosolids will be present in every wastewater treatment facility. Pollutants found in biosolids will vary depending upon inputs to individual wastewater treatment facilities over time. The presence of a pollutant in biosolids alone does not mean that the biosolids pose harm to human health and the environment.

How are biosolids disposed of?

Biosolids also may be disposed of by incineration, landfilling, or other forms of surface disposal.

How many pollutants are in biosolids?

More than 500 pollutants have been found to occur in biosolids (in at least one instance) since EPA began tracking their occurrence in 1993 when 40 CFR Part 503 was promulgated. Not all of the approximately 500 pollutants that have been found in biosolids will be present in every wastewater treatment facility.

What are some examples of beneficial use?

Examples of beneficial use include application to agricultural land and reclamation sites (e.g. mining sites). When applied to land at the appropriate agronomic rate, biosolids provide a number of benefits including nutrient addition, improved soil structure, and water reuse. Land application of biosolids also can have economic ...

What is biosolids?

Biosolids are a product of the wastewater treatment process. During wastewater treatment the liquids are separated from the solids. Those solids are then treated physically and chemically to produce a semisolid, nutrient-rich product known as biosolids. The terms ‘biosolids’ and ‘sewage sludge’ are often used interchangeably.

What are the classes of biosolids?

Biosolids are divided into “Class A” and “Class B” designations based on treatment methods.

What are the different levels of wastewater treatment?

There are several levels of wastewater treatment; these are primary, secondary and tertiary levels of treatment. Most municipal wastewater treatment facilities use primary and secondary levels of treatment, and some also use tertiary treatments.

What is tertiary wastewater treatment?

Tertiary (or advanced) treatment removes dissolved substances, such as colour, metals, organic chemicals and nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen.

How to reduce pressure on septic system?

Following some water conservation practices can greatly reduce pressure on your septic system. For more information about conserving water, see the fact sheet about Water Consumption. Here are a few things that you can do to care for your septic system: 1 Do not use your drain or toilet as a garbage disposal; avoid putting dental floss, diapers, coffee grounds and paper towel down the drain, as they can clog up your septic system. 2 Spread your loads of laundry out over the week. When too much water is added to the septic tank, it does not have time to treat wastes, and you could be flooding your drainfield with wastewater. 3 Plant grass on your drainfield, but keep trees and shrubs away from it, because roots can clog the system and cause damage. 4 Do not drive on your drainfield, because this can compact the soil and damage the septic system components.

Why is oxygen important in wastewater treatment?

The oxygen helps the bacteria to digest the pollutants faster. The water is then taken to settling tanks where the sludge again settles, leaving the water 90 to 95 percent free of pollutants. The picture below shows the settling tanks in the Winnipeg Wastewater Treatment Plant.

What is the process of removing pollutants from water?

Another natural method is called rapid infiltration, which is a process where a basin is filled with wastewater, which has already gone through a pre-treatment. The ground acts as a filter and removes the pollutants from the water. This method is similar to what happens in a septic system.

What is the process of tertiary treatment?

One of the biological treatment processes is called Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR). This diagram shows the treatment steps that Saskatoon wastewater goes through. Biological Nutrient Removal Process.

What is the Canadian Environmental Protection Act?

The Canadian Environmental Protection Act governs the release of toxic substances into the environment and allows the federal government to develop regulations for the use of toxic substances. Most provincial and territorial governments have legislation regarding wastewater treatment standards and requirements.

General Considerations

Aesthetics

Topography

Geology and Hydrology

Atmospheric Conditions

• The atmospheric conditions of a candidate site must be evaluated during the planning phase; these include temperature, pressure, air movements, humidity, cloudiness, and precipitation. Average, as well as extreme, atmospheric conditions and variability of elements are also important considerations during site selection. Generally, it is best to loc...

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