if come.contact with chemical where should guideline.for treatment

Most standard sources recommend that water rinsing/flushing following skin or eye contact with a chemical should continue for 15 or 20 minutes. However, all chemicals do not cause the same degree of effects (some are non-irritants while others can cause severe corrosive injury).

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What should you do if you come in contact with chemicals?

In a Chemical Emergency: In a chemical emergency, if you come in contact with a known or unknown chemical, you should get away from the area, get it off your body as soon as you can, and get help by calling the Poison Control Center at 800-222-1222 or calling 911 or going to the nearest hospital. Since chemical emergencies can happen at any time, plan ahead so you are …

What are the general guidelines while handling the chemicals?

Oct 17, 2018 · If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Eye: Irrigate promptly: If this chemical contacts the eyes, promptly wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids.

What are the medical management guidelines for acute chemical exposures?

Apr 27, 2022 · There does not seem to be a reliable and safe first aid procedure for inducing vomiting in adults. Medical attention is usually available quite quickly in most situations. In the event of a chemical ingestion, the best course of action is to call your local Poison Control Centre or a doctor and follow their advice.

What to do if a patient has ingested a chemical?

Jan 27, 2016 · Attempt to identify the chemical product. Become familiar with the DOT placard system, MSDS or shipping papers, and the NFPA hazard labeling system. After identifying the chemical, contact the regional poison control center (see Appendix I) for information about health effects, medical treatment, and decontamination guidelines.

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What precautions should workers take when working with chemicals?

What are the safety precautions while handling the chemicals in the laboratory?

What to do if you have a chemical contact with your eyes?

If this chemical contacts the eyes, promptly wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention if any discomfort continues.

What to do if you get a chemical in your skin?

If this solid chemical contacts the skin, dust it off immediately and then flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical or liquids containing this chemical penetrate the clothing, promptly remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention immediately. Skin: Frostbite.

What to do if you have a chemical reaction after washing?

If symptoms occur after washing, get medical attention immediately. Skin: Water wash promptly. If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, promptly remove the clothing and wash the skin with water.

What to do if a chemical penetrates clothing?

If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing, wash the skin with soap and water, and get medical attention promptly. Skin: Soap wash promptly. If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with soap and water.

How to treat a molten flush?

If this solid chemical or a liquid containing this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with soap and water . If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention.

How to flush contaminated skin?

Skin: Soap flush immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention. Skin: Soap flush promptly.

How to get rid of a chemical in clothing?

If this chemical or liquids containing this chemical penetrate the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water.

How to know what first aid procedures to follow?

In order to know what first aid procedures to follow, it is essential that you know what chemicals are present in your workplace. Consult your chemical inventory and the First-aid measures section on the Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) for those products.

What is the purpose of the Safety Data Sheet?

CCOHS staff prepared the publication The Safety Data Sheet - A Guide to First-Aid Recommendations as a source of information for people interested in developing or evaluating first aid recommendations for Safety Data Sheets. It is also useful for developing first aid programs for responding to chemical exposures in workplaces.

Why is oxygen a fire hazard?

For example, since oxygen supports combustion, the presence of oxygen cylinders could contribute to a fire hazard in the workplace. Also, since oxygen is stored under high pressure, the cylinder can behave like a missile if the valve breaks or the tank is punctured.

What chemicals can cause pulmonary edema?

Ammonia, phosgene and chlorine are examples of chemicals that can cause pulmonary edema. Provoke a severe asthma attack (e.g., toluene diisocyanate). Additional training of first aid providers is required since basic first aid training courses do not include oxygen administration.

What is the term for the presence of an oxidized form of hemoglobin in the blood that does not transport

Reduce the ability of blood to transport oxygen (e.g., carbon monoxide poisoning, or methemoglobinemia – presence of an oxidized form of hemoglobin in the blood that does not transport oxygen).

Is oxygen a first aid procedure?

In the past, emergency oxygen was commonly recommended as a first aid procedure for almost any chemical inhalation exposure. Later, concern was expressed that the administration of oxygen itself may be harmful if carried out improperly or in the wrong circumstances.

Do all chemicals cause the same effects?

However, all chemicals do not cause the same degree of effects (some are non-irritants while others can cause severe corrosive injury). At the present time, there is insufficient scientific evidence available to properly address the question of how long flushing should continue. However, it makes sense to tailor the duration ...

How long does an acute exposure last?

An acute exposure is defined as an exposure to a chemical for a duration of 14 days or less. Although the duration of exposure during an unscheduled chemical release may be brief, the chemical concentration may be high. The onset of health effects resulting from an acute exposure can be immediate or delayed.

When were poison control centers established?

Poison Control Centers were established around 1953 to help physicians deal with poisoning of adults and children in the United States. In 1983, the American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC) was established as the professional organization for Poison Control Centers. The Regional Poison Control Centers can act as a valuable resource in providing information about the toxicity and health effects of hazardous exposures involved in poisonings.

What are the potential hazards of secondary contamination?

Potential for Secondary Contamination. The route and extent of exposure are important in determining the potential for secondary contamination. Victims who were exposed to only gas or vapor but have no gross deposition of the material on their clothing or skin are not likely to carry significant amounts of chemical beyond the Hot Zone and are not likely to pose a risk of secondary contamination to other personnel. However, victims whose skin or clothing is soaked with liquid chemical or victims who have condensation of chemical vapor on their clothes or skin may contaminate others by direct contact or by off-gassing vapor. If the victim has ingested a chemical, toxic vomitus may pose a danger to others through direct contact or off-gassing vapor.

How to remove phenol from skin?

Thoroughly wash the skin with soap or mild detergent and copious water. If immediately available, use a water paste of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG 300 or PEG 400), glycerol, or vegetable oil to assist remo val of phenol from exposed skin.

What is the term for the assessment of the risk of adverse effects?

Estimating the risk of adverse effects from an exposure is known as health risk assessment. Health risk depends on the intrinsic toxic potential of the chemical, its concentration, the duration of exposure, and the health status of the person exposed.

Why are chemical accidents increasing?

Because thousands of chemicals are manufactured, used, and transported in the United States, the number of accidents involving chemical exposures is increasing. Although most of these accidents occur at fixed facilities where the chemical hazards are known, emergency medical personnel are increasingly more likely to be involved in incidents in which victims have been exposed to an unknown or incorrectly identified chemical hazard. Emergency medical technicians, therefore, must learn to deal with presenting symptoms and provide basic supportive medical care for complications (respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurologic) that are most likely to cause a serious threat to life.

Can ethylene oxide cause eye irritation?

Ethylene oxide can produce immediate eye, skin, and respiratory irritation; CNS depression and respiratory paralysis.

How to use a chemical?

Always keep in mind the general guidelines while handling the chemicals: 1 Always label all containers with chemicals. 2 Use protective equipments for eye protection and make sure to wear a laboratory coat. 3 Avoid intentional smelling, inhaling and tasting of chemicals. 4 Always avoid direct contact with chemicals, far from your hands face, clothes and shoes. 5 Hazardous chemical should be used only as directed. 6 Use separate cabinets for acid solutions with concentration more than 6 M. 7 Mark the date on all containers upon receipt and again when reopened. 8 Attach chemical labels with all necessary information to all containers. 9 Immediately read the warning labels when opening newly received reagent chemicals. This will help to be aware of any special storage precautions such as refrigeration or inert atmosphere storage. 10 A periodic check on chemical containers for rust, corrosion, and leakage is a must. 11 Store bottles in chemical safe bags especially those hazardous and moisture-absorbing chemicals. 12 Avoid use of mouth suction to fill a pipette. Use a pipette bulb or other filling devices. 13 Smoking, drinking, eating and the application of cosmetics is forbidden in areas where hazardous chemicals are used or stored. 14 Always use chemicals with adequate ventilation. Check with the MSDS and also the Standard Operating Procedure to work out what type of ventilation is required. 15 Whenever you leave the lab after handling any chemicals wash thoroughly with soap and water. Keep your hands and face clean free from any trace of chemicals.

When opening newly received reagent chemicals, should you read the warning labels?

Immediately read the warning labels when opening newly received reagent chemicals. This will help to be aware of any special storage precautions such as refrigeration or inert atmosphere storage.

How to avoid chemical smells?

Use protective equipments for eye protection and make sure to wear a laboratory coat. Avoid intentional smelling, inhaling and tasting of chemicals. Always avoid direct contact with chemicals, far from your hands face, clothes and shoes. Hazardous chemical should be used only as directed.

What is the safety of chemicals in a laboratory?

All chemicals used in laboratory have safe handling methods as specified by chemical’s label and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Laboratory hazards can be minimized by following these safety measures in handling. Always keep in mind the general guidelines while handling the chemicals:

What should be used in laboratory handling?

Those involved in large scale chemical production should be more precautious by covering their whole body with personal protection equipments which includes gloves, clothes, shoes, glasses and safety measure to avoid direct inhalation of chemicals.

Do you need ventilation for chemicals?

Always use chemicals with adequate ventilation. Check with the MSDS and also the Standard Operating Procedure to work out what type of ventilation is required.

When should universal precautions be used?

Universal Precautions with the appropriate personnel protective equipment should always be used when dealing with contaminated items during cleaning and decontamination procedures. Items must be thoroughly cleaned before being disinfected because dirt, blood, mucous, and tissue may interfere with the action of the disinfectant.

What is noncritical contact?

Noncritical items come in contact with intact skin but not with mucous membranes. Intact skin acts as an effective barrier to most microorganisms. 2

What is the CDC recommendation for sterilizing medical devices?

The CDC recommendation for high level disinfection is appropriate because studies have shown the effectiveness of high level disinfectants to inactivate these and other pathogens that may contaminate semi-critical devices. 2 To sterilize these items when used on certain infectious patients may lead to a "double standard" of patient care and is inconsistent with the principles of universal precautions when equipment used on patients with known specific infectious diseases is sterilized, but the same equipment is high-level disinfected for other patients. Sterilization should not be performed in the belief that it is providing a greater margin of safety. Standard sterilization and disinfection procedures for patient care equipment are adequate to sterilize or disinfect instruments or devices contaminated with blood or other body fluids from persons infected with bloodborne pathogens. No changes in procedures for cleaning, disinfecting, or sterilizing need to be made. 2

Why is it important to know the basic principles of disinfection?

For the disinfection of bloodborne pathogens knowledge of the basic principles of disinfection is needed to prevent the risk of disease transmission via inanimate objects. It is the responsibility of all personnel involved with handling these objects to understand these principles. Studies have shown that bloodborne pathogens (HIV, HBV, and HCV) are inactivated rapidly after being exposed to commonly-used chemical disinfectants at concentrations that are much lower than those used in practice. 4,7

What is the process that eliminates many or all pathogenic microorganisms with the exception of bacterial

Disinfection is the process that eliminates many or all pathogenic microorganisms with the exception of bacterial spores from inanimate objects. 2 Disinfection is affected by a number of factors:

Why is proper disinfection important?

The importance of proper cleaning and disinfection cannot be stressed enough and it is essential in protecting patients and personnel from potentially harmful microorganisms. When considering disinfection of bloodborne pathogens, the basic principles of disinfection apply. Careful attention to the process of cleaning and disinfection will provide the safety that is needed when an item is being reused in caring for patients.

What minerals affect disinfectant effectiveness?

Hardness of water. Minerals such as calcium and magnesium can also affect the efficacy of the disinfectant by tying up the active ingredients. Be sure to check with the manufacturer if using with hard water conditions. 6

What to do if a caregiver comes in contact with body fluids?

If a caregiver does come in contact with any of your body fluids, they should wash the area very well with warm water and soap. It’s not likely to cause any harm, but try to avoid this. At your next visit, let your doctor know this happened. Being exposed often may lead to problems, and extra care should be taken to avoid this.

How to take chemo at home?

Oral chemo, or chemo you take by mouth and swallow , is usually taken at home. These drugs are as strong as other forms of chemo, and many are considered hazardous. There are usually special precautions for storing and handling oral chemo drugs. You might be told to be careful not to let others come into contact with it or your body fluids while taking it and for a time after taking it. Sometimes you need to wear gloves when touching the pills or capsules. Some drugs have to be kept in the bottle or box they came in. And some drugs and the packages they come in need to be disposed of in a certain way. Some might have to be taken back to the drug store to be thrown away safely. If you are taking an oral chemo drug, talk to your cancer care team about any special precautions needed at home. To learn more, see Getting Oral or Topical Chemotherapy .

How long does it take for chemo to break down?

What to do during – and for 48 to 72 hours after – chemo: It generally takes about 48 to 72 hours for your body to break down and/or get rid of most chemo drugs. But it's important to know that each chemo drug is excreted or passed through the body a bit differently.

What do nurses wear to give chemo?

And nurses and others who give your chemo and help take care of you afterwards wear protective clothing, such as 2 pairs of special gloves and a gown, and sometimes goggles or a face shield.

Where does chemo drug waste come from?

Most of the drug waste comes out in your body fluids, such as urine, stool, tears, sweat, and vomit. The drug waste is also in your blood, and may be in other body fluids such as fluids from semen and the vagina. When chemo drugs or their waste are outside your body, they can harm or irritate skin. Other people and pets could be exposed to ...

How many throw away gloves should a caregiver wear?

Caregivers should wear 2 pairs of throw-away gloves if they need to touch any of your body fluids. (These can be bought in most drug stores.) They should always wash their hands with warm water and soap afterward – even if they had gloves on.

How to flush a toilet when you vomit?

If you vomit into the toilet, clean off all splashes and flush twice. If you vomit into a bucket or basin, carefully empty it into the toilet without splashing the contents and flush twice. Wash out the bucket with hot, soapy water and rinse it; empty the wash and rinse water into the toilet, then flush.

How to clean hands after working in an area that may be contaminated?

Wash hands with soap and water after working in an area that may be contaminated, even if gloves were worn. Do not use hand sanitizer or bleach.

How to prevent illicit drugs from entering the air?

Avoid performing tasks or operations that may cause illicit drugs to enter the air. Only trained emergency responders wearing proper PPE should conduct activities that could cause illicit drugs to enter the air. Avoid direct skin contact with illicit drugs.

What are the recommendations of NIOSH?

NIOSH offers the following recommendations to help prevent emergency responders’ exposures to illicit drugs, including fentanyl: Always wear nitrile gloves when illicit drugs may be present and change them properly when they become contaminated. Wear respiratory protection if powdered illicit drugs are visible or suspected.

What are the drugs that emergency responders are exposed to?

Preventing Emergency Responders’ Exposures to Illicit Drugs. Responders are likely to come into contact with a mixture of illicit drugs during routine job duties. These mixtures of illicit drugs can include cocaine, methamphetamines, cannabinoids, cathinones, and opioids such as fentanyl and heroin for example.

What training should responders receive for fentanyl?

Responders who perform jobs where illicit drugs including fentanyl may be present should receive special training in how to conduct an on-scene risk assessment. Responders should demonstrate an understanding of the following: How to recognize the form and determine the quantity of illicit drugs.

Why is it important to have higher levels of PPE?

Higher levels of PPE may be necessary to protect responders from exposure to other hazards (e.g. in a methamphetamine lab) that may also be present in addition to the illicit drugs.

How to stop a drug from causing a rash?

Wash hands (or other unprotected skin) with soap and water immediately after coming into contact with illicit drugs or after leaving an area where illicit drugs may have been present. Avoid breaking the skin while cleaning and cover all open wounds. Do not use hand sanitizer (or any alcohol based cleaner) or bleach.

What is the NIOSH publication number for Micotil 300?

Preventing Worker Deaths and Injuries When Handling Micotil 300®. [DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2007-124]. Department of Health and Human Services. 2007.

How many HD characteristics are needed to identify a drug as hazardous?

Under the NIOSH approach, characterizing a drug as "hazardous" requires a "hazard identification" process, in which the descriptive criteria of the drug are reviewed and screened against the six HD characteristics. The presence of any one of the HD characteristics is enough to define a drug as hazardous.

What is NIOSH alert?

NIOSH Alert: Preventing Occupational Exposures to Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Health Care Settings. [DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2004-165]. Department of Health and Human Services. 2004.

When was the NIOSH Alert issued?

In 2004, a NIOSH work group authored a NIOSH Alert: "Preventing Occupational Exposure to Antineoplastic and Other HDs in Healthcare Settings," (NIOSH, 2004), a now internationally-referenced guidance document that revised ASHP's definition of HDs, including adding two more characteristics, as Figure 1 depicts.

What are measures that afford employees a greater degree of protection from exposure?

In settings where employees work with drugs in a more potentially hazardous form (e.g., a more concentrated form encountered in certain components of pharmaceutical manufacturing), measures that afford employees a greater degree of protection from exposure are commonly employed and should be used.

How long do you keep exposure records?

That is, records created in connection with HD handling shall be kept, transferred, and made available for at least 30 years, and medical records shall be kept for the duration of employment plus 30 years.

Which agent has the strongest evidence of carcinogenicity?

Alkylating agents present the strongest evidence of carcinogenicity (e.g., cyclophosphamide, mechlorethamine hydrochloride [nitrogen mustard]). However, other classes, such as the Topoisomerase II inhibitors (Pedersen-Bjergaard, 2002) and some anthracycline antibiotics, have been implicated as well.