Which statement is wrong about pernicious anemia?
This statement is wrong because pernicious anemia is caused by the patient lacking intrinsic factor which helps with the absorption of vitamin B12. The patient can consume supplements or foods with vitamin B12, but they will not absorb B12 because they lack intrinsic factor.
What does the NCLEX exam say about pernicious anemia?
As the nurse, it is important to know how to care for a patient with pernicious anemia. In addition, the nurse needs to be aware of the causes, risk factors, and management of pernicious anemia. The NCLEX exam loves to ask questions about patient education and major signs and symptoms about pernicious anemia.
What is pernicious anemia and how is it treated?
Pernicious Anemia is called pernicious (deadly!) for a reason. It used to be lethal, until doctors found a way to get B12 to the bloodstream. When you lack B12, Myelin start to strip away. Myelin is a protective layer coating your nerves, and all kinds of neurological symptoms begin to appear.
Why can't a 50-year-old patient with pernicious anemia take a vitamin B12 pill?
A 50-year-old patient with pernicious anemia asks why she can't just take a vitamin B12 pill instead of getting an injection. What is the nurse's best response to her question? a. "Pernicious anemia is caused by the body's inability to absorb vitamin B12."
What is the type of anemia that involves a lysing of red blood cells?
What is the best treatment for sickle cell anemia?
What is EPO in kidneys?
What is folic acid used for?
What causes sickling with occluded blood vessels?
What is the cause of acute sickling with blood vessel occlusion?
Can hydroxyurea be used for sickle cell anemia?
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About this website
What is the most characteristic manifestation of pernicious anemia?
Most people with the disorder have abnormally low red blood cell counts (anemia). Symptoms may include an abnormally enlarged spleen or liver, lack of appetite, intermittent constipation and diarrhea, and/or abdominal pain.
What is pernicious anemia and how is it treated?
When your body can't make enough healthy red blood cells because it lacks vitamin B-12, you have pernicious anemia (PA). A long time ago, this disorder was believed to be fatal (“pernicious” means deadly). These days it's easily treated with B-12 pills or shots. With treatment, you'll be able to live without symptoms.
When describing the function of vitamin B12 What would be appropriate to include?
Vitamin B12 is a nutrient that helps keep your body's blood and nerve cells healthy and helps make DNA, the genetic material in all of your cells. Vitamin B12 also helps prevent megaloblastic anemia, a blood condition that makes people tired and weak.
Why is oral administration of vitamin B12 not effective as a treatment for pernicious anemia quizlet?
This belief is still being propagated, as this quote from an article published recently attests: “Pernicious anemia is caused by inadequate secretion of gastric intrinsic factor necessary for vitamin B12 absorption and thus cannot be treated with oral vitamin B12 supplements; rather, vitamin B12 must be administered ...
What would be the best treatment of a patient with pernicious anemia?
Pernicious anemia usually is easy to treat with vitamin B12 shots or pills. If you have severe pernicious anemia, your doctor may recommend shots first. Shots usually are given in a muscle every day or every week until the level of vitamin B12 in your blood increases.
What is given for pernicious anemia?
Treatment involves a shot of vitamin B12 once a month. People with severely low levels of B12 may need more shots in the beginning. Some people may be adequately treated by taking large doses of vitamin B12 supplements by mouth. A certain type of vitamin B12 may be given through the nose.
What are the benefits and side effects of vitamin B12?
Vitamin B12 benefits include forming red blood cells, preventing dementia, and reducing birth defects. Vitamin B12 is found in foods like meat, eggs, dairy, and fish. Side effects of B12 are rare but can include headaches, anxiety, and nausea.
What are the benefits of taking vitamin B12?
9 Health Benefits of Vitamin B12, Based on ScienceHelps With Red Blood Cell Formation and Anemia Prevention. ... May Prevent Major Birth Defects. ... May Support Bone Health and Prevent Osteoporosis. ... May Reduce Your Risk of Macular Degeneration. ... May Improve Mood and Symptoms of Depression.More items...•
What is the main cause of pernicious anemia?
While vitamin B12 deficiency anemia may be caused by a lack of vitamin B12 in the diet, pernicious anemia is caused by an inability to absorb vitamin B12.
Can pernicious anemia be treated with oral B12?
For long-term maintenance therapy, oral vitamin B12 replacement can be effective in patients with pernicious anemia.
Which vitamin deficiency will cause pernicious anemia?
Pernicious anaemia is the most common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency in the UK. Pernicious anaemia is an autoimmune condition that affects your stomach. An autoimmune condition means your immune system, the body's natural defence system that protects against illness and infection, attacks your body's healthy cells.
Which of the following is at most risk for pernicious anemia?
Pernicious anemia is more common in people of Northern European and African descent than in other ethnic groups. Older people also are at higher risk for the condition. This is mainly due to a lack of stomach acid and intrinsic factor, which prevents the small intestine from absorbing vitamin B12.
Chapter 49: Drugs Used to Treat Anemias Flashcards | Quizlet
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Pharm Chapter 49 - Drugs that treat Anemia Flashcards | Quizlet
Start studying Pharm Chapter 49 - Drugs that treat Anemia. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Solved A patient with pernicious anemia asks why she can’t | Chegg.com
A patient with pernicious anemia asks why she can’t just “take iron pills for my anemia”? What should the nurse’s response be? The nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with thrombocytopenia.
What is the best treatment for pernicious anemia?
Pernicious Anemia Treatment. Let’s get straight to the heart of the matter. The only effective Pernicious Anemia treatment is vitamin B12 shots. Don’t let any doctor tell you otherwise.
Why do people with pernicious anemia end up with lifelong damage?
Why? Because they are unable to get it! In the USA or UK, the health care systems consistently deny access of B12 shots to PA patients.
Why is B12 shot dangerous?
Because of that, B12 shots give new life to patients (if lucky enough to have had a correct diagnosis) who would otherwise be living a round-the-clock nightmare. Pernicious Anemia is called pernicious ( deadly !) for a reason. More than a century ago, patients would get worse and worse until they died.
How many B12 injections can you take at once?
Blood levels quickly rise to 560,000,000pmol/L, and if necessary, treatment is repeated within hours for a total of 10,000,000mcg of B12. That is about 10,000 Pernicious Anemia injections all at once, and you still can’t overdose!
How high do B12 levels go after a shot?
After a B12 shot, blood levels rise well above the “desired range” (150-700 pmol/L in most places), and stay high for a while. Since doctors think they need to keep levels within that range, they won’t inject too often. But blood levels of B12 mean little, as they’ll rise regardless of therapeutic effectiveness.
What happens if you don't have B12?
When you lack B12, Myelin begins to strip away. Myelin is a protective layer that coats your nerves, kind of like the plastic coating around electrical wires. Damage to the myelin is why you see neurological abnormalities with PA patients. Unfortunately, prolonged damage to myelin is often irreversible.
What happens when you have PA?
When you have PA, special antibodies are preventing your body from making IF ( Intrinsic Factor ). IF is needed for the absorption of B12 from the gut into the bloodstream. The only way to bypass this gastric defect is to get B12 straight to the blood.
What is the type of anemia that involves a lysing of red blood cells?
Another type of anemia is hemolytic anemia, which involves a lysing of red blood cells because of genetic factors or from exposure to toxins. Sickle cell anemia is a type of hemolytic anemia. Iron deficiency and megaloblastic anemias are different classifications of anemia.
What is the best treatment for sickle cell anemia?
Hydroxyurea is used to treat sickle cell anemia. Ferrous sulfate is indicated for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Epoetin alfa is administered to treat anemias caused by inadequate erythropoietin production, such as in renal failure.
What is EPO in kidneys?
Patients who are no longer able to produce enough erythropoietin in the kidneys may benefit from treatment with exogenous erythropoietin (EPO), which is available as the drugs epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit), darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp), and methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (Mircera).
What is folic acid used for?
A, B, C. Folic acid is indicated for the treatment of megaloblastic anemia caused by sprue and to replace a nutritional deficiency. It is also given to women who are, or plan to become, pregnant to reduce the risk of a neural tube disorder in the fetus.
What causes sickling with occluded blood vessels?
Inflammatory responses. Severe, acute episodes of sickling with occluded blood vessels may be associated with acute infections and the body's reactions to the immune and inflammatory responses. Exposure to heat and metabolic alkalosis are not considered triggers.
What is the cause of acute sickling with blood vessel occlusion?
Severe, acute episodes of sickling with blood vessel occlusion may be associated with acute infections and the body's reactions to the immune and inflammatory responses. Avoidance of infection is, then, a priority teaching point. Pain would be a concern only if the patient is in crisis.
Can hydroxyurea be used for sickle cell anemia?
Other options would not be used to treat a patient with sickle cell anemia.
What is the type of anemia that involves a lysing of red blood cells?
Another type of anemia is hemolytic anemia, which involves a lysing of red blood cells because of genetic factors or from exposure to toxins. Sickle cell anemia is a type of hemolytic anemia. Iron deficiency and megaloblastic anemias are different classifications of anemia.
What is the best treatment for sickle cell anemia?
Hydroxyurea is used to treat sickle cell anemia. Ferrous sulfate is indicated for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Epoetin alfa is administered to treat anemias caused by inadequate erythropoietin production, such as in renal failure.
What is EPO in kidneys?
Patients who are no longer able to produce enough erythropoietin in the kidneys may benefit from treatment with exogenous erythropoietin (EPO), which is available as the drugs epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit), darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp), and methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (Mircera).
What is folic acid used for?
A, B, C. Folic acid is indicated for the treatment of megaloblastic anemia caused by sprue and to replace a nutritional deficiency. It is also given to women who are, or plan to become, pregnant to reduce the risk of a neural tube disorder in the fetus.
What causes sickling with occluded blood vessels?
Inflammatory responses. Severe, acute episodes of sickling with occluded blood vessels may be associated with acute infections and the body's reactions to the immune and inflammatory responses. Exposure to heat and metabolic alkalosis are not considered triggers.
What is the cause of acute sickling with blood vessel occlusion?
Severe, acute episodes of sickling with blood vessel occlusion may be associated with acute infections and the body's reactions to the immune and inflammatory responses. Avoidance of infection is, then, a priority teaching point. Pain would be a concern only if the patient is in crisis.
Can hydroxyurea be used for sickle cell anemia?
Other options would not be used to treat a patient with sickle cell anemia.
Treatment
- What is the most effective Pernicious Anemia treatment? In two words: B12 injections. It is the only effective way for PA patients to absorb B12, since it bypasses the gastric system and goes straight to your bloodstream. More than a century ago, people with Pernicious Anemia would eventually die of the disease. Liver extract injections became avai...
Risks
- Millions of people around the world are B12 deficient. In the UK alone, hundreds of thousands of citizens are routinely misdiagnosed and continue to deteriorate without proper treatment. Its all very tragic, and we think B12 injections should be administered almost by default. It is a water soluble vitamin any excess is flushed out in the urine so theres no possibility of toxicity, and you …
Overview
- Pernicious Anemia is called pernicious (deadly!) for a reason. It used to be lethal, until doctors found a way to get B12 to the bloodstream. When you lack B12, Myelin start to strip away. Myelin is a protective layer coating your nerves, and all kinds of neurological symptoms begin to appear. Unfortunately damage to the myelin is often permanent, so action must be taken immediately an…
Benefits
- Having injectable B12 ready over the counter will make Pernicious Anemia treatment a thousand fold easier, and will have a profound effect on the lives of patients, their families, and our society. Many doctors are treating B12-induced depression with antidepressants, while it can disappear entirely by regular administration of something as simple as B12. Its not toxic, it repairs nerves, …
International
- In Germany, France, and Spain you can buy B12 injections over the counter in any pharmacy. In Japan and Malaysia, you can even buy them in supermarkets!
Purpose
- We created this site to educate people about the lethal, subtle nature of Pernicious Anemia, and to give patients a chance for optimal treatment by giving them access to as many B12 shots as they need. Your plea for help will no longer fall on deaf ears. Each person has a different level of damage, and some symptoms are reversible when caught and treated early. Dont wait a second …
Criticism
- As current things are, Pernicious Anemia patients are at the mercy of an outdated, restrictive and uneducated system, providing ridiculous treatment and leaving behind a trail of severe suffering.
Prognosis
- This under treatment renders those of us with this condition amongst other things seriously mentally impaired, experiencing debilitating pain, bed ridden, chronically fatigued, at high risk of stroke or heart attack, and unable to walk or to stay awake. (Its your time to live, not merely exist.) Some patients have successfully fought for the right to receive more frequent injections howeve…
Symptoms
- There is a big misunderstanding among health practitioners, who under-treat their patients with infrequent doses that are way below what the patient actually needs. They sometimes stop treatment altogether! This results in many patients being left with recurring symptoms that may get permanent!
Toxicity
- When treating children with an inborn error in production of transcobalamin II (the binding protein that transports B12 to the cells), blood levels of ~7500pmol/L show zero side effects.
Side effects
- In Japan, patients with Multiple Sclerosis who received daily tablets of 60,000mcg of methylcobalamin for half a year showed no side effects and no toxicity. Half of them even started with two weeks of daily 5,000mcg B12 shots straight to the bloodstream. Also in Japan, kidney dialysis patients received doses of methylcobalamin so high their blood levels rose from an aver…
Society and culture
- Back then in the 50s, before chemotherapy was available, children with a neuroblastoma tumor received massive doses of B12 injections every two days, for 2-3 years, with great success.