What is the role of the client in the treatment process?
R ecommend a course of action through collaboration with the client. The client must know the importance of his or her participation in the treatment planning process. With client assistance, client beliefs and traditions can serve as a framework for healing in treatment.
What information is used to plan the client's treatment?
Information from an assessment is used to plan the client’s treatment. The plan can include such domains as level of care, acute safety needs, diagnosis, disability, strengths and skills, support network, and cultural context.
What happens once clients are in contact with a treatment program?
Once clients are in contact with a treatment program, they stand on the far side of a yet-to-be-established therapeutic relationship. It is up to counselors and other staff members to bridge the gap.
Are your clients unfamiliar with the evaluation and treatment planning process?
Most clients are unfamiliar with the evaluation and treatment planning process and how they can participate in it. Some clients may view the initial interview and evaluation as intrusive if too much information is requested or if the content is a source of family dishonor or shame.
Which is a good example of a good question to ask as part of the assessment process?
Which is a good example of a good question to ask as part of the assessment process? "how can I help you with your housing situation?" Identify the 4 phases of the planned change model.
Why is it important for social workers to evaluate their practice with clients and client systems?
Evaluation of practice is an essential aspect of social work practice. Evaluation can increase effectiveness and accountability in the ways practitioners treat clients. Many forms of evaluation exists, such as: single-systems design, self-report measures, and intervention tool assessments (Wong & Vakharia, 2012).
How do social workers assess clients?
In this first step of the social work process, information on the client's strengths, needs, challenges, goals and resources are accumulated. By examining these aspects, you will be able to identify what needs to change and why, and generate an idea about what should happen next.
What are three methods for evaluating client progress in social work practice?
Best Social Work Evaluation Methods for Social Workers | Practice, Program, and ToolsClient Evaluation.Social Worker Practice Evaluation.Social Work Program Evaluation.
How can I improve my assessment skills in social work?
5 More Core Competencies of Social Work PracticeUse research in practice and practice in research.Apply knowledge of human behavior and social context.Engage in policy practice.Respond to influential contexts.Engage, assess, intervene, and evaluate.
Why is assessment important in social work?
Finding an effective model of social work assessment is an important issue. Assessments form a critical decision-making function which can profoundly impact upon families. Accuracy of assessment is vital to any effective system that operates threshold criteria if social work errors are to be avoided.
Why is client assessment important?
Client assessments lead to informed decisions that impact on care planning, resources allocation and other services. The assessment process determines the most appropriate and effective way to support clients.
What is an assessment with social services?
A needs assessment is the process social services use to decide if extra help is required to meet your child and your family's needs.
What are the key features of assessment in social work?
The Social Work Assessment process can be summarised as follows:Gathering relevant information;Analysing the information and reaching professional judgments;Making decisions and planning interventions;Intervening, service delivery and/or further assessment;Evaluating and reviewing progress.
What is assessment and intervention in social work?
Assessment and intervention are two of the core processes in social work. From the moment you receive a case file, you need to think about the judgements to be made, the needs to assess and the best help to provide.
What skills do you need to be a social worker?
10 Characteristics and Skills of Successful Social WorkersEmpathy. Empathy is the ability to identify with and understand another person's experience and point of view. ... Communication. ... Organization. ... Critical thinking. ... Active listening. ... Self-care. ... Cultural competence. ... Patience.More items...
How do you evaluate your own practice?
When evaluating your own practice, you need to consider how your own behaviour has impacted upon others and what you could do to improve. A straightforward method of reflection is to have an experience, then describe it, analyse it and revise it (EDAR) (Gravells 2017).
How to screen for suicidality?
All clients—particularly those who have experienced trauma—should be screened for suicidality by asking, “In the past, have you ever had suicidal thoughts, had intention to commit suicide, or made a suicide attempt? Do you have any of those feelings now? Have you had any such feelings recently?” Behavioral health service providers should receive training to screen for suicide. Additionally, clients with substance use disorders and a history of psychological trauma are at heightened risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors; thus, screening for suicidality is indicated. See TIP 50, Addressing Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Substance Abuse Treatment ( CSAT, 2009a ). For additional descriptions of screening processes for suicidality, see TIP 42 ( CSAT, 2005c ).
Why screen universally for trauma in behavioral health services?
Why screen universally for trauma in behavioral health services? Exposure to trauma is common; in many surveys, more than half of respondents report a history of trauma, and the rates are even higher among clients with mental or substance use disorders. Furthermore, behavioral health problems, including substance use and mental disorders, are more difficult to treat if trauma-related symptoms and disorders aren’t detected early and treated effectively ( Part 3, Section 1, of this Treatment Improvement Protocol [TIP], available online, summarizes research on the prevalence of trauma and its relationship with other behavioral health problems).
What are the steps of trauma screening?
The first two steps in screening are to determine whether the person has a history of trauma and whether he or she has trauma-related symptoms. Screening mainly obtains answers to “yes” or “no” questions: “Has this client experienced a trauma in the past?” and “Does this client at this time warrant further assessment regarding trauma-related symptoms?” If someone acknowledges a trauma history, then further screening is necessary to determine whether trauma-related symptoms are present. However, the presence of such symptoms does not necessarily say anything about their severity, nor does a positive screen indicate that a disorder actually exists. Positive screens only indicate that assessment or further evaluation is warranted, and negative screens do not necessarily mean that an individual doesn’t have symptoms that warrant intervention.
How to be a trauma informed counselor?
As a trauma-informed counselor, you need to offer psychoeducation and support from the outset of service provision; this begins with explaining screening and assessment and with proper pacing of the initial intake and evaluation process. The client should understand the screening process, why the specific questions are important, and that he or she may choose to delay a response or to not answer a question at all. Discussing the occurrence or consequences of traumatic events can feel as unsafe and dangerous to the client as if the event were reoccurring. It is important not to encourage avoidance of the topic or reinforce the belief that discussing trauma-related material is dangerous, but be sensitive when gathering information in the initial screening. Initial questions about trauma should be general and gradual. Taking the time to prepare and explain the screening and assessment process to the client gives him or her a greater sense of control and safety over the assessment process.
What is a thorough assessment of trauma?
For people with histories of traumatic life events who screen positive for possible trauma-related symptoms and disorders, thorough assessment gathers all relevant information necessary to understand the role of the trauma in their lives; appropriate treatment objectives, goals, planning, and placement; and any ongoing diagnostic and treatment considerations, including reevaluation or follow-up.
What is a history of trauma?
A history of trauma encompasses not only the experience of a potentially traumatic event, but also the person’s responses to it and the meanings he or she attaches to the event. Certain situations make it more likely that the client will not be forthcoming about traumatic events or his or her responses to those events. Some clients might not have ever thought of a particular event or their response to it as traumatic and thus might not report or even recall the event. Some clients might feel a reluctance to discuss something that they sense might bring up uncomfortable feelings (especially with a counselor whom they’ve only recently met). Clients may avoid openly discussing traumatic events or have difficulty recognizing or articulating their experience of trauma for other reasons, such as feelings of shame, guilt, or fear of retribution by others associated with the event (e.g., in cases of interpersonal or domestic violence). Still others may deny their history because they are tired of being interviewed or asked to fill out forms and may believe it doesn’t matter anyway.
What is trauma informed screening?
Trauma-informed screening is an essential part of the intake evaluation and the treatment planning process, but it is not an end in itself.
What is a culturagram?
The culturagram is an assessment tool that helps clinicians understand culturally diverse clients and their families ( Congress 1994, 2004; Congress and Kung 2005 ). It examines 10 areas of inquiry, which should include not only questions specific to clients' life experiences, but also questions specific to their family histories. This diagram can guide an interview, counseling, or clinical supervision session to elicit culturally relevant multigenerational information unique to the client and the client's family. Give a copy of the diagram to the client or family for use as an interactive tool in the session. Throughout the interview, the client, family members, and/or the counselor can write brief responses in each box to highlight the unique attributes of the client's history in the family context. This diagram has been adapted for clients with co-occurring mental and substance use disorders; sample questions follow.
How do counselors help families?
As families can be a vital source of information, counselors are likely to attain more support by engaging families earlier in the treatment process . Although counselor interactions with family members are often limited to a few formal sessions, the families of racially and ethnically diverse clients tend to play a more significant and influential role in clients' participation in treatment. Consequently, special sensitivity to the cultural background of family members providing collateral information is essential. Families, like clients, cannot be easily defined in terms of a generic cultural identity ( Congress 2004; Taylor et al. 2012 ). Even families from the same racial background or ethnic heritage can be quite dissimilar, thus requiring a multidimensional approach in understanding the role of culture in the lives of clients and their families. Using the culturagram tool on the next page in preparation for counseling, treatment planning, or clinical supervision, clinicians can learn about the unique attributes and histories that influence clients' lives in a cultural context.
How to evaluate immigration history?
By contrast, others may be isolated, living apart from family, friends, and the support systems extant in their countries of origin. Culturally competent evaluation should always include questions about the client's country of origin, immigration status, length of time in the United States, and connections to his or her country of origin. Ask American-born clients about their parents' country of origin, the language (s) spoken at home, and affiliation with their parents' culture (s). Questions like these give the counselor important clues about the client's degree of acculturation in early life and at present, cultural identity, ties to culture of origin, potential cultural conflicts, and resources. Specific questions should elicit information about:
What is treatment planning?
Treatment planning is a dynamic process that evolves along with an understanding of the clients' histories and treatment needs. Foremost, counselors should be mindful of each client's linguistic requirements and the availability of interpreters (for more detail on interpreters, see Chapter 4 ). Counselors should be flexible in designing treatment plans to meet client needs and, when appropriate, should draw upon the institutions and resources of clients' cultural communities. Culturally responsive treatment planning is achieved through active listening and should consider client values, beliefs, and expectations. Client health beliefs and treatment preferences (e.g., purification ceremonies for Native American clients) should be incorporated in addressing specific presenting problems. Some people seek help for psychological concerns and substance abuse from alternative sources (e.g., clergy, elders, social supports). Others prefer treatment programs that use principles and approaches specific to their cultures. Counselors can suggest appropriate traditional treatment resources to supplement clinical treatment activities.
Why is culturally responsive evaluation important?
To provide culturally responsive evaluation and treatment planning, counselors and programs must understand and incorporate relevant cultural factors into the process while avoiding a stereotypical or “one-size-fits-all” approach to treatment. Cultural responsiveness in planning and evaluation entails being open minded, asking the right questions, selecting appropriate screening and assessment instruments, and choosing effective treatment providers and modalities for each client. Moreover, it involves identifying culturally relevant concerns and issues that should be addressed to improve the client's recovery process.
What information is needed for behavioral health?
A client who needs behavioral health treatment services may be unwilling or unable to provide a full personal history from his or her own perspective and may not recall certain events or be aware of how his or her behavior affects his or her well-being and that of others. Collateral information—supplemental information obtained with the client's permission from sources other than the client—can be derived from family members , medical and court records, probation and parole officers, community members, and others. Collateral information should include culturally relevant information obtained from the family, such as the organizational memberships, beliefs, and practices that shape the client's cultural identity and understanding of the world.
What are some ways to build a therapeutic relationship?
It is up to counselors and other staff members to bridge the gap. Handshakes, facial expressions, greetings, and small talk are simple gestures that establish a first impression and begin building the therapeutic relationship. Involving one's whole being in a greeting—thought, body, attitude, and spirit—is most engaging.
What is done when reviewing client progress?
To achieve the outcomes of a progress review with a client the following should occur:
How to ensure clients keep training?
To ensure clients keep training you must highlight their progress and link it to their actions. Here we explain why this is critical for all clients, especially those that have just started training.
When should a progress review be done?
We recommend monthly initially. Your new clients are typically sedentary and will make a lot of progress in just their first four weeks. They also need monitoring and support for that month, but knowing that in four weeks there is a more formal review helps immensely to keep them focused.
What to do if client hasn't made progress?
A word of warning, if a client hasn’t made any progress then typically all that is required is monitoring and support. Unless you want to shock them, a full review of progress where there is none is definitely de-motivating.
How long should a personal trainer review cycle be?
Seeing progress creates further motivation. Once the training behaviour and quality is established you can stretch the review cycle to six or eight weeks. Longer than that and you can run the risk of the client getting bored or ‘tailing off’ – but if you continue to monitor and support you will find most of your personal training clients will cope well with six week reviews.
What are the key elements to success?
Make sure the client understands why this progress has happened (essentially what are the key elements to their success – desire; how focused, determined, motivated they were, knowledge; what they have learnt, skills; what they do now that they weren’t doing, for example; planning, preparing for training, recovering properly, asking for support etc)
How can a case manager use their communication skills?
Case managers can use their communication skills, especially motivational interviewing, with patients and their support systems to identify stresses and issues that can impact the pursuit of health goals.
What is the role of a case manager?
Professional case managers expand their role as advocates, serving primarily the patients ("clients") who receive case management services and also members of the support system. By becoming more aware and sensitive to the needs of the support system, case managers help reduce stress on the support …
Who is Jared Young?
Jared Young, PsyD, LCSW, CCM, is a CCMC Commissioner and a psychologist and therapist in private practice. Jolynne "Jo" Carter, BSN, RN, CCM, is a CCMC Commissioner and a Past Chair. She is also Vice President of Network Services for Paradigm Outcomes.
Who is Jane Harkey?
1Jane Harkey, MSW, RN-BC, CCM, is Chair of the Commission for Case Manager Certification ( CCMC), the first and largest nationally accredited organization that certifies case managers. She is also a geriatric case manager.
What is the purpose of transcultural nursing?
The purpose of transcultural nursing research is to study cultures in order to better understand both the similarities and the differences among patient groups and cultures. Culture is a set of established beliefs that are held by a certain group of people that has been handed down from generation to generation and not held and shared by other groups or the members of other groups. These beliefs, values and perceptions are unique to the particular culture.
Why is cultural sensitivity important in nursing?
This sensitivity is particular important and vital to the quality of care because culture is so integral and intrinsic to who the client is as a unique individual. Culture can greatly affect client health, as well as their reactions to treatments and care. Madeleine Leininger's Transcultural Nursing Theory facilitates the nurses' understanding of why and how the patient's cultural background is important to health.
How does cultural background affect nursing?
Not only can a cultural background influence a patient's health, but the patient may be taking culturally driven home remedies that can affect his or her health, as well. Leininger proposes that care is the dominant, unifying and distinctive essence of nursing.
How does culture affect health?
Culture can greatly affect client health, as well as their reactions to treatments and care. Madeleine Leininger's Transcultural Nursing Theory facilitates the nurses' understanding of why and how the patient's cultural background is important to health.
What is the role of cultural beliefs in nursing?
Nurses' practice must incorporate cultural needs and beliefs into their nursing practice to provide care that is individualized for the client and appropriate to the client's needs. During the assessment phase of the nursing process, the nurse assesses the client's and family member's cultural background, preferences and needs, after which the nurse modifies the plan of care accordingly.
What is the purpose of using appropriate interpreters?
Use appropriate interpreters to assist in achieving client understanding
Why do cultures have culturally bound rituals and practices?
Still more may have culturally bound rituals and practices to promote health, to prevent illness, and to cure disease. Distance and Space Orientation: Space and distance orientation and tolerance for closed and open spaces may also vary among cultures.
Why Does Social Distance Exist?
A lack of cultural sensitivity has resulted in “embodied inequality.” External link: open_in_new Epidemiologist Nancy Krieger explains that people who feel marginalized or at risk of discrimination may experience poorer health outcomes throughout their lifespans, through no fault of their own.
What Is Cultural Sensitivity and How Can It Help?
Cultural sensitivity External link: open_in_new requires a set of skills for affirming diversity and embracing the values of people from different social or cultural backgrounds.
How Can Providers Develop Strategies for Cultural Sensitivity?
When the culture of an organization is built on principles of diversity, inclusion and affirmation, it’s easier to attract employees and clients who value these traits. Service providers and caregivers can actively engage in behaviors that show clients they are valued, heard and understood.
Where To Learn More About Cultural Sensitivity
The Cleveland Clinic Diversity Toolkit [PDF] (3.7 MB) External link: open_in_new is an in-depth guide to hundreds of cultural, religious and ethnic identities. This resource includes a guide to patient care and cultural communication and a glossary of helpful terms.
