What are the 5 stages of water treatment?
The 5 major unit processes include chemical coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection (described below). There are chemicals added to the water as it enters the various treatment processes.
What are the 4 steps of water treatment?
4 Steps of Community Water TreatmentCoagulation and Flocculation. ... Sedimentation. ... Filtration. ... Disinfection.
What are the 3 stages of water treatment?
There are three main stages of the wastewater treatment process, aptly known as primary, secondary and tertiary water treatment.
What are the types of water treatment?
Four Common Water Treatment Methods:Reverse Osmosis Water Filtration. Reverse Osmosis is a process where water pressure is employed to force water through a semi-permeable membrane. ... Ultraviolet Water Sterilization and Filtration. ... Filtration. ... Distillation.
What are the 7 stages of water treatment?
They typically consist of several steps in the treatment process. These include: (1) Collection ; (2) Screening and Straining ; (3) Chemical Addition ; (4) Coagulation and Flocculation ; (5) Sedimentation and Clarification ; (6) Filtration ; (7) Disinfection ; (8) Storage ; (9) and finally Distribution.
What are stages of water?
There are four main stages in the water cycle. They are evaporation, condensation, precipitation and collection. Let's look at each of these stages.
What is BOD and COD in ETP?
The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) represents the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) consumed by biological organisms when they decompose organic matter in water. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) is the amount of oxygen consumed when the water sample is chemically oxidised.
What is the last stage of water treatment?
Tertiary TreatmentTertiary Treatment The tertiary stage of treatment is where wastewater's impurities are actually removed from the supply. During this stage, as much as 99% of the impurities are eliminated, making water that is close to drinking water quality.
What is the second stage of water treatment?
Secondary Treatment The secondary stage of treatment removes about 85 percent of the organic matter in sewage by making use of the bacteria in it. The principal secondary treatment techniques used in secondary treatment are the trickling filter and the activated sludge process.
What is water treatment process?
Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment.
How many types of ETP are there?
Some of the major important types of wastewater treatment process are as follows: 1. Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP) 2. Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) 3. Common and Combined Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP).
How many types of water systems are there?
The following are four major types of a water distribution system, Dead-end or Tree Distribution system. Gridiron Distribution System. Circular or ring Distribution System.
What are the 4 steps of water treatment PDF?
So, the groundwater required chemical treatment more than the physical one.Collection of Water. The water is collected from the sources like a lake, river, or reservoir. ... Screening. ... Sedimentation. ... Clarification or Sedimentation with Coagulation. ... Filtration. ... Disinfection. ... Water Softening. ... Other Treatment Methods.
What is fourth step of raw water treatment?
In the fourth step called ozonation, plant workers add a gas called ozone to destroy bacteria and other microorganisms as well as to improve taste. From there, the water is filtered using granular activated carbon to remove any fine particles.
What is the most important step in water treatment?
It is, however, an important primary step in the water treatment process, because coagulation removes many of the particles, such as dissolved organic carbon, that make water difficult to disinfect. Because coagulation removes some of the dissolved substances, less chlorine must be added to disinfect the water.