The number of HIV-positive people taking antiretroviral medicines more than doubled to an estimated 17 million people from 2010 to 2015, with two million people gaining access to the life-saving drug last year alone, the United Nations agency leading the world’s HIV/AIDS response announced today.
How many people have accessed antiretroviral treatment?
HIV Treatment Access—As of June 2020, 28.2 million people with HIV (75%) were accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART) globally.
How many people are on ARV treatment in South Africa?
Antiretroviral coverage of people with HIV in South Africa has increased from 0% in 2000 to 71% in 2019. The South African antiretroviral programme is now the largest in the world, with more than five million people on treatment, and increasing.
When did antiretrovirals become widely available?
Many developed countries initiated ART in 1996, but most developing countries began providing it around 2003.
How many antiretrovirals are there?
The FDA has approved more than two dozen antiretroviral drugs to treat HIV infection. They're often broken into six groups because they work in different ways. Doctors recommend taking a combination or "cocktail" of at least two of them. This is called antiretroviral therapy, or ART.
Which are the 5 antiretroviral drugs?
Currently, there are eight FDA-approved NRTIs: abacavir (ABC, Ziagen), didanosine (ddI, Videx), emtricitabine (FTC, Emtriva), lamivudine (3TC, Epivir), stavudine (d4T, Zerit), zalcitabine (ddC, Hivid), zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir), and Tenofovir disoprovil fumarate (TDF, Viread), a nucleotide RT inhibitor (Fig.
How many people are waiting for HIV testing?
HIV Treatment Access —As of the end of 2020, 27.4 million people with HIV (73%) were accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART) globally. That means 10.2 million people are still waiting.
How many people will have HIV in 2020?
New HIV Infections —An estimated 1.5 million individuals worldwide acquired HIV in 2020, marking a 30% decline in new HIV infections since 2010. (New HIV infections, or “HIV incidence,” refers to the estimated number of people who newly acquired the HIV virus during given period such as a year, which is different from the number ...
What is the continuum of HIV treatment?
HIV Care Continuum —The term HIV care continuum refers to the sequence of steps a person with HIV takes from diagnosis through receiving treatment until his or her viral load is suppressed to undetectable levels. Each step in the continuum is marked by an assessment of the number of people who have reached that stage.
What is the continuum of care for HIV?
HIV Care Continuum —The term HIV care continuum refers to the sequence of steps a person with HIV takes from diagnosis through receiving treatment until his or her viral load is suppressed to undetectable levels. Each step in the continuum is marked by an assessment of the number of people who have reached that stage. The stages are: being diagnosed with HIV; being linked to medical care; starting ART; adhering to the treatment regimen; and, finally, having HIV suppressed to undetectable levels in the blood. UNAIDS’s 90-90-90 goals set as targets that by 2020, 90% of all people with HIV will know their HIV status, 90% of all people who know their status will be on ART, and 90% of all people receiving ART will have viral suppression. Tracking progress toward those goals, UNAIDS reports that in 2020, of all people with HIV worldwide: 1 84% knew their HIV status 2 73% were accessing ART 3 66% were virally suppressed
How does HIV affect the world?
Further, the HIV epidemic not only affects the health of individuals, it also impacts households, communities, and the development and economic growth of nations. Many of the countries hardest hit by HIV also suffer from other infectious diseases, food insecurity, and other serious problems.
What is the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief?
President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief ( PEPFAR) is the U.S. Government’s response to the global HIV/AIDS epidemic and represents the largest commitment by any nation to address a single disease in history. Through PEPFAR, the U.S. has supported a world safer and more secure from infectious disease threats.
How many women with HIV will have ART in 2020?
66% were virally suppressed. Mother-to-Child Transmission —In 2020, 84% of pregnant women with HIV received ART to prevent transmitting HIV to their babies during pregnancy and childbirth and to protect their own health. AIDS-related Deaths —AIDS-related deaths have been reduced by 61% since the peak in 2004.
How many people will have HIV in 2020?
There were an estimated 37.7 million [30.2–45.1 million] people living with HIV at the end of 2020, over two thirds of whom (25.4 million) are in the WHO African Region.
What are the key approaches to HIV prevention?
Key approaches for HIV prevention, which are often used in combination, include: male and female condom use; testing and counselling for HIV and STIs; testing and counselling for linkages to tuberculosis (TB) care; voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC); use of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) for prevention;
How does HIV treatment work?
HIV disease can be managed by treatment regimens composed of a combination of three or more antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. Current antiretroviral therapy (ART) does not cure HIV infection but highly suppresses viral replication within a person's body and allows an individual's immune system recovery to strengthen and regain the capacity to fight off opportunistic infections and some cancers.
What is the most advanced stage of HIV?
The most advanced stage of HIV infection is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which can take many years to develop if not treated, depending on the individual. AIDS is defined by the development of certain cancers, infections or other severe long-term clinical manifestations.
What are the conditions that put people at greater risk of contracting HIV?
Behaviours and conditions that put individuals at greater risk of contracting HIV include: having unprotected anal or vaginal sex; having another sexually transmitted infection (STI) such as syphilis, herpes, chlamydia, gonorrhoea and bacterial vaginosis;
How long does it take for a person to develop antibodies to HIV?
In most cases, people develop antibodies to HIV within 28 days of infection.
When can a child get tested for HIV?
For children less than 18 months of age, serological testing is not sufficient to identify HIV infection – virological testing must be provided as early as birth or at 6 weeks of age.