How has the LGBT community changed over the years?
Jan 23, 2015 · Broader changes in society have driven some of the greater recognition of LGBT rights, such as more equitable relations between genders, the rights revolution generally and the greater respect for...
How has the stigma of identifying as LGBT changed over time?
Jan 03, 2020 · New York bans conversion therapy: Conversion therapy is a controversial treatment dating back to the 1890s that aims to change a person’s sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression ...
How are LGBT adults treated unfairly?
the increasing expansion of a global lgbt rights movement suffered a setback during the 1980s, as the gay male community was decimated by the aids epidemic, demands for compassion and medical funding led to renewed coalitions between men and women as well as angry street theatre by groups like aids coalition to unleash power (act up) and queer …
How have attitudes toward gays and lesbians changed in the US?
Mar 20, 2013 · The rise in support for same-sex marriage over the past decade is among the largest changes in opinion on any policy issue over this time period. A new national survey finds that much of the shift is attributable to the arrival of a large cohort of young adults – the Millennial generation – who are far more open to gay rights than previous ...
What party are LGBT people in?
When it comes to politics, most LGBT adults are affiliated with the Democratic Party, and one very important reason for that may be that they believe that the Democrats are friendly toward them and that the Republicans are not.
What is the chapter 2 of LGBT?
Chapter 2: Social Acceptance. Americans’ attitudes about gays and lesbians have changed dramatically over the past decade or so, and the LGBT adults are acutely aware of this. These changing attitudes have meant that LGBT adults feel more accepted by society now than in the past.
Is the Republican Party friendly to LGBT people?
Among this group, roughly half (47%) say the Republican Party is unfriendly to the LGBT population , and only 13% say the party is friendly. LGBT adults who are Democrats or lean to the Democratic Party overwhelmingly say the GOP is unfriendly to the LGBT population: 83% say this, while only 2% see the GOP as friendly.
Do lesbians have a lot of social acceptance?
Roughly one-in-four from each group say there is a lot of social acceptance for lesbians, and about six-in-ten say there is some social acceptance for this group. Among bisexuals, men and women agree that there is a lot more social acceptance for female bisexuals than there is for male bisexuals.
Is the news media more neutral than friendly?
The news media are perceived as being more neutral than friendly. About six-in-ten LGBT adults (56%) say the news media are neutral toward the LGBT population, while 27% view the media as friendly to the community and 16% say the media are unfriendly.
Is the entertainment industry unfriendly to LGBT people?
Only 6% say the entertainment industry is unfriendly to the LGBT population, and 23% say the industry is neutral. Gay men stand out in this regard, with 80% saying the entertainment industry is friendly to the LGBT population. Lesbians and bisexuals are significantly less likely to express this view.
Why do gay rights advocates cite this amendment?
Hodges. Gay rights advocates cite this amendment in support of equality for future court cases. “All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.
Which state was the first to decriminalize homosexuality?
1962 – Illinois becomes the first state to decriminalize homosexual acts between two consenting adults in private. 1963 – Bayard Rustin, an associate of Martin Luther King, and a gay African American man helped organize the March on Washington that culminated with King’s ‘I Have a Dream’ speech.
What was the first anti-miscegenation law?
1691 – Virginia passes the first anti-miscegenation law, forbidding marriage between whites and blacks or whites and Native Americans (overturned in 1967 in Loving v. Virginia). 1714 – Sodomy laws in place in the early colonies and in the colonial militia. These laws remained in place until challenged in 1925.
What were the crimes that were punishable by whipping?
1631 – Massachusetts Bay General Court, in accordance with Puritan religious and moral beliefs, declared that the following were considered sex crimes and were punishable by whipping, banishment or execution: fornication, adultery, rape, and sodomy.
What was the Mayflower contract?
Mayflower contract signed by the men in the group “…for the glory of God and advancement of the Christian faith…”. Established gender norms that determined the nuclear family unit was the basis for all other institutions such as government or church.
How many children did Jennie Hodgers have?
She eventually married a man and raised three children. 1862 – Jennie Hodgers, disguised as a man named Albert Cashier, enlisted in the Union army in Illinois and fought for three years until the end of the war. She continued living as a man after the war. 1861 – 1865 – Civil War.
Where was the gold rush?
1848 – Gold discovered in California, which begins the gold rush. The non-native population in California grew from 1000 to 100,000 by 1849 and was mostly men. The population of San Francisco grew from 850 in 1848 to 25,000 in 1850.
1 in 4 LGBT people report experiencing discrimination in 2016
Over the past decade, the nation has made unprecedented progress toward LGBT equality. But to date, neither the federal government nor most states have explicit statutory nondiscrimination laws protecting people on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity.
Unseen harms
LGBT people who don’t experience overt discrimination, such as being fired from a job, may still find that the threat of it shapes their lives in subtle but profound ways. David M.,* a gay man, works at a Fortune 500 company with a formal, written nondiscrimination policy. “I couldn’t be fired for being gay,” he said.
Unique vulnerabilities in the workplace
Within the LGBT community, people who were vulnerable to discrimination across multiple identities reported uniquely high rates of avoidance behaviors.
Unique vulnerabilities in the public square
Discrimination, harassment, and violence against LGBT people—especially transgender people—has always been common in places of public accommodation, such as hotels, restaurants, or government offices.
Unique vulnerabilities in health care
In 2010, more than half of LGBT people reported being discriminated against by a health care providers and more than 25 percent of transgender respondents reported being refused medical care outright.
A call to action
To ensure that federal civil rights laws explicitly protect LGBT people, Congress should pass the Equality Act, a comprehensive bill banning discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in employment, public accommodations, housing, credit, and federal funding, among other provisions.
Methodology
To conduct this study, CAP commissioned and designed a survey, fielded by Knowledge Networks, which surveyed 1,864 individuals about their experiences with health insurance and health care. Among the respondents, 857 identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and/or transgender, while 1,007 identified as heterosexual and cisgender/nontransgender.
What is the LGBTQ+ equality act?
House of Representatives passed the Equality Act: The proposed law would introduce sweeping changes to the federal protections for members of the LGBTQ+ community, ensuring protection against discrimination for everything from employment and housing to education and more. It is the first comprehensive federal pro-LGBTQ+ act to make it this far. Though it’s openly supported by more than 200 major companies such as Coca Cola, Apple and Microsoft, the chances of it gaining traction in the Senate are slim.
What was the first transgender case?
& G.R. Harris Funeral Homes Inc. v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission — a historic first for the highest court in the nation. The plaintiff, Aimee Stephens, was working as a funeral director and embalmer for nearly six years and was fired after writing her employer a letter to inform him of her gender transition.
What is the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots?
The 50th anniversary of the Stonewall Riots are celebrated around the country : 2019 marked half a century since the infamous Stonewall riots took place in New York City. The events are widely thought of as the birth of the modern LGBTQ+ movement for equality and representation. Thousands rallied outside the Stonewall Inn in Manhattan to commemorate the protests that occurred 50 years ago and discuss progress still yet to be made. Around the country and the world, LGBTQ+ pride festivals were held in celebration.
What does the ERA mean in Virginia?
Democrats flip control of both houses in Virginia: The Democratic sweep of the state almost certainly means that Virginia will become the 38th and final state needed to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). The ERA seeks to end the legal distinctions between sexes in terms of divorce, property, employment and other matters and the bill finally passing could bring about major changes. The wording does not specify “women” so it might also therefore provide legal protections for the LGBTQ+ community.
What did the LDS Church change?
The LDS Church changes policies surrounding LGBT members: In a major shift, the Church of Latter-day Saints reversed its controversial policy of classifying people in same-sex marriages as "apostates." The Mormon church had also banned children of such marriages from blessing or baptism until they turn 18, at which age they were required to move out of their parents’ house and disavow same-sex marriage. Children of parents who identify as LGBTQ+ may now be blessed as infants and baptized. The change in policy is attributed to President Dallin Oaks, who said that the church intended to "reduce the hate and contention so common today."
Where was the Stonewall protest held?
Thousands rallied outside the Stonewall Inn in Manhattan to commemorate the protests that occurred 50 years ago and discuss progress still yet to be made. Around the country and the world, LGBTQ+ pride festivals were held in celebration.
Who introduced the Fairness for All Act?
Republican lawmakers introduce the Fairness For All Act: As the proposed Equality Act continues to languish in the Senate, a group of Republican lawmakers have drafted what they hope to be a compromise bill. Its introduction by Rep. Chris Stewart (R-Utah) marks the first time that an LGBTQ+ civil rights bill has been introduced by conservative lawmakers in either chamber of Congress. While the bill would ban discrimination against LGBTQ+ people in employment, housing, education and public accommodations, it includes exceptions for churches and religious organizations.
When did gay liberation start?
The turning point for gay liberation came on June 28, 1969, when patrons of the popular Stonewall Inn in New York’s Greenwich Village fought back against ongoing police raids of their neighborhood bar.
What did white, male and western activists gain leverage against?
White, male and Western activists whose groups and theories gained leverage against homophobia did not necessarily represent the range of racial, class and national identities complicating a broader LGBT agenda. Women were often left out altogether.
What is the social movement?
Social movements, organizing around the acceptance and rights of persons who might today identify as LGBT or queer, began as responses to centuries of persecution by church, state and medical authorities.
Why did women disguise themselves as men?
Women “disguised” themselves as men, sometimes for extended periods of years, in order to fight in the military (Deborah Sampson), to work as pirates (Mary Read and Anne Bonney), attend medical school, etc.
Why do women pass as males?
Women and girls, economically oppressed by the sexism which kept them from jobs and economic/education opportunities designated for men only, might pass as male in order to gain access to coveted experiences or income. This was a choice made by many women who were not necessarily transgender in identity.
When did Ellen DeGeneres come out?
During in the last decade of the 20th century, millions of Americans watched as actress Ellen DeGeneres came out on national television in April 1997, heralding a new era of gay celebrity power and media visibility—although not without risks.
Is clitoridectomy a threat to pregnancy?
Women’s relationships in particular escaped scrutiny since there was no threat of pregnancy. Nonetheless, in much of the world, female sexual activity and sensation were curtailed wherever genital circumcision practices made clitoridectomy an ongoing custom.
What percentage of Americans believe that same sex marriage would go against their religious beliefs?
While public acceptance of homosexuality has increased, a majority of Americans (56%) agree that “same-sex marriage would go against my religious beliefs.” While this is down six points overall from 10 years ago, it has shifted little—and remains the majority position—among most religious groups.
Which state was the first to allow same sex marriage?
In 2003, as the debate over same-sex marriage intensified and Massachusetts became the first state to allow same-sex marriage, a 56% majority of Americans felt that allowing gays and lesbians to marry would undermine the traditional American family, while 39% disagreed. Today, 46% say same-sex marriage would undermine the traditional family ...
How many women say same sex couples are good parents?
While 71% of women say same-sex couples can be good parents, a smaller majority (57%) of men agree (click the graphic for interactive trends on support for same-sex marriage by gender). There are no substantial differences between parents and non-parents on this question.
Is same sex a good parent?
Americans have also become more accepting of same-sex couples as parents: 64% now agree that “same-sex couples can be as good parents as heterosexual couples,” up from 54% in 2003. As with other attitudes about LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) people, younger generations remain substantially more accepting—and have grown more so over time.
Do same sex couples have the same rights as heterosexual couples?
Two-thirds of Americans (66%) agree that same-sex couples should have the same legal rights as heterosexual couples; just 30% disagree. Even among those who oppose allowing gays and lesbians to marry legally, a third (33%) say that same-sex couples should have the same legal rights as other couples.
What is the LGBTQ movement?
The LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) movement has allowed traditional ideas of only two genders existing to be problematized by a reconceptualization of the concept of gender and claims to gender fluidity.
What is the case study of women's global activism?
The case study of women’s global activism raises further interesting and crucial questions which the discussion so far has started to address. It allows a new focus on continued and structural gendered power relations, discrimination, institutional and structural inequalities, and the impact of this on everyday lives, but also affords a discussion of people’s agency, optimism, and collaboration, as well as the increasing role of social media in activist campaigns and academic analysis.
What is Malala Yousafzai's role in education?
In the last decade, the narrative of Malala Yousafzai, the Pakistani activist for female education who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014 for her brave resistance against the Taliban doctrine (which had effectively banned girls from attending school and thus the human right to an education) has become well known. In a sense, this example can be seen as symbolic of two tendencies within current thinking. One tends to either read Malala’s heroic efforts as evidence that demonstrates the much-needed necessity of campaigns for girls’ education, especially in countries where they are denied equal access as boys may have. Or, as Rahman (2014) argues, her iconic, global status afforded by the media, celebrities, and governments is actually very problematic, masking as it does the continued educational inequalities which have their roots in complex historical, geopolitical, and development aspects in an Internet age.
Why did Tokyo Medical University drop the test scores?
One current example of this is the recent revelation that, in 2018, Tokyo Medical University marked down the test scores of young women applying to embark on a career in medicine, to ensure more men became doctors. The university had, apparently, systematically kept the ratio of female students to around a third.
When was the Manada trial?
A demonstration in Santiago de Chile to demand the end of machismo and violence against women was organized on June 6, 2018, by a movement of university women formed after the “manada” trial in Spain, in which five men who raped an eighteen-year-old woman were found guilty of abuse rather than rape.
Does #MeToo deal with gender inequality?
Evidence, some would argue, that such campaigns as the #MeToo movement cannot, by themselves, fully deal with structural inequalities and gendered power relations in capitalist societies. Some commentators also argue that online campaigning effectively takes the focus off the anticapitalism struggle.
Who is Beatrix Campbell?
Discussing her recent book (Campbell, 2014a), UK-based writer and journalist Beatrix Campbell (2014b) takes the stance that such liberal thinkers have an over optimistic view that the road to gender equality is now within sight. Conversely, she argues this is largely an illusion.
Which countries are the most accepting of LGBTQ people?
When looking at the indexes from 2014 to 2017, the most recent years for which data was available, researchers found that Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Canada and Spain ranked among the countries most accepting of LGBTQ people, while Ethiopia, Somaliland, Senegal, Azerbaijan and Tajikistan ranked among the the least accepting.
How many countries have the same sex laws?
According to a report from the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, there are 70 U.N. member states that criminalize same-sex sexual acts and 68 of these countries have explicit laws against same-sex relationships. Six of the 70 countries have imposed the death penalty for same-sex relationships.
What is the GAI?
The GAI uses a country’s public beliefs and policies regarding lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer people to determine the nation’s score, which was then used to rank each of the countries in order from most accepting to least accepting of LGBTQ people.
How many countries have legalized same sex marriage?
Same-sex marriage is currently legal in 30 countries, according to the Pew Research Center. The Netherlands, which ranked second in the index from 2014-2017, was the first country to legalize same-sex marriage in 2000.
Is LGBTQ more accepting?
By Gwen Aviles. The “most accepting” LGBTQ countries are becoming “more accepting,” while “the least accepting” are becoming “less accepting,” according to a recent report from The Williams Institute, a think tank at the UCLA School of Law.
How many women were LGBTQ in 2016?
While gay men often take center stage in discussions and portrayals of LGBTQ culture in the media, the Gallup poll notably reported that 4.4% of women identified as LGBTQ in 2016 — compared to just 3.7% of men — and that more women have responded affirmatively to the poll since it was last conducted in 2012.
What percentage of millennials are LGBT?
Although they account for only 32 percent of the adult population, millennials comprised 58 percent of the total number of self-identified LGBTQ Americans. A recent GLAAD survey offers even more significant ...
What does "queer" mean in the LGBT community?
Though the term remains controversial to some, the current definition of “queer” is used to refer to anyone who isn’t cisgender or heterosexual. In early 2016, the Huffington Post changed its dedicated LGBT vertical from Gay Voices to Queer Voices, explaining:
Social Acceptance
Most See Progress and Expect More to Come
- When survey respondents were asked how the level of overall social acceptance of people who are LGBT has changed over the past decade, their reactions were overwhelmingly positive. About nine-in-ten LGBT adults (92%) say society is more accepting of gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender people than it was 10 years ago. This breaks down to 52% who say society is a lot …
Why Are Societal Views Changing?
- Respondents were asked about the various factors that may have contributed to increased acceptance of people who are LGBT. Individual relationships and the role of well-known public figures are viewed as being the most helpful things in terms of fostering acceptance. Fully seven-in-ten LGBT adults say people knowing someone who is lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender hel…
Barack Obama, Ellen DeGeneres Most Important Public Figures
- LGBT respondents were asked to name public figures at the national level who have been important in advancing the rights of people who are LGBT. Two very different public figures stand out from all the rest: Barack Obama and Ellen DeGeneres. Roughly one-in-four LGBT adults (23%) named President Obama when asked for an important national figure in advancing LGBT rights. …
LGBT Views on Political Parties and Institutions
- When it comes to politics, most LGBT adults are affiliated with the Democratic Party, and one very important reason for that may be that they believe that the Democrats are friendly toward them and that the Republicans are not. About six-in-ten (57%) say the Democratic Party is generally friendly toward lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people. About one-third of LGBT adults (3…
Discrimination Persists Amid Social Progress
- While they feel that social acceptance of the LGBT population has increased over the past decade and that it will increase even more in the future, most LGBT adults still feel, as a group, they are discriminated against. Fully half (53%) say there is a lot of discrimination against gays and lesbians, and an additional 39% say there is some discrimination. About one-in-ten say there is o…
LGBT Status Makes Some A Target
- Many lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender adults say they have experienced discrimination on a personal level because of their sexual orientation or gender identity. The survey included six types of incidents—ranging from poor service in restaurants to physical attacks—and found that two-thirds of all LGBT respondents (66%) had experienced at least one of them. The most common …
Colonial Life and Founding of The Nation
American Revolution, Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution
- 1775 – Population of enslaved people in the colonies is nearly 500,000. 1776 – Declaration of Independence. 1778 – Lieutenant Gotthold Frederick Enslinof the Continental Army becomes the first documented service member to be dismissed from the U.S. military for homosexuality. Read more at U.S. History Naval Institute Blog / Timeline of Military Gay History. 1779 – Thomas Jeffe…
The New Republic / Divergent Paths of The American People
- 1788 – U.S. Constitutionadopted. Includes a three-fifths clause that counted each slave as three-fifths of a person for the purposes of congressional representation and tax apportionment. 1789 – Olauda Equiano, a formerly enslaved person, publishes the narrative, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, The African. It was one of the first widely rea…
Civil War and Civil Rights
- 1857-1861 – James Buchanan elected president. A lifelong bachelor, Buchanan had a long-term relationship with William Rufus King, who served as vice president under Franklin Pierce. The two men lived together from 1840-1853 until King’s death. Some historians suggest Buchanan, by today’s terms, was gay. 1861 – Sarah Emma Edmonds changed her identity to a man named Fra…
Industrialization, Westward Expansion, Immigration and Religion
- 1870 – Nearly 500,000 Americans had crossed the continental U.S. to the western territories since 1840. Just 10% of these travelers were women. 1879 – Death of Charley Parkhurst, well-known stagecoach driver in Central California who was born a woman, but lived as a man. Buried in Watsonville, Ca. 1886 – Henry James writes the book, The Bostonians, about a long term relatio…
1914 – 1918 – World War I
- Read more at U.S. History Naval Institute Blog / Timeline of Military Gay History 1917-1935 – The Harlem Renaissance. Historians have stated that the renaissance was “as gay as it was black.” Some of the lesbian, gay or bisexual people of this movement included writers and poets such as Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen and Zora Neale Hurston; Professor Alain Locke; music critic a…
World War II
- 1933 (May 6) – In Germany, students led by Nazi Storm Troopers broke into the Institute for Sexual Science founded by Magnus Hirschfeldin Berlin and confiscated its unique library. Four days later, most of this collection of over 12,000 books and 35,000 irreplaceable pictures were destroyed along with thousands of other “degenerate” works of literature in the book burning in …
Social Transformation and Foreign Policy Post WW2 / Lavender Scare
- 1948 – Alfred Kinsey,an American biologist and sexologist at Indiana University issues the first report, Sexual Behavior of the Human Male, was published and discussed male homosexuality (Also known as the Kinsey report). 1950 – U.S. Congress issues the report entitled “Employment of Homosexuals and Other Sex Perverts in Government” is distributed to members of Congress …
Civil Rights, Space Race, Vietnam and Protests
- 1961 – Frank Kameny, an astronomer dismissed from government service, forms the Washington D.C. branch of the Mattachine Society (The society was originally founded in Los Angeles in 1950). 1962 – Illinoisbecomes the first state to decriminalize homosexual acts between two consenting adults in private. 1963 – Bayard Rustin, an associate of Martin Luther King, and a ga…
The Conservative Resurgence
- 1977 – Anita Bryant,former American singer and Miss America Pageant winner formed a group called “Save Our Children” to protest against a Dade County, Florida ordinance preventing discrimination against homosexuals. Her campaign was successful and the law was repealed. Gay and lesbian activists and organizations, including Harvey Milk, condemned the action and i…
1 in 4 LGBT People Report Experiencing Discrimination in 2016
- Over the past decade, the nation has made unprecedented progress toward LGBT equality. But to date, neither the federal government nor most states have explicit statutory nondiscrimination laws protecting people on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity. LGBT people still face widespread discrimination: Between 11 percent and 28 percent of LGB workers report losi…
Unseen Harms
- LGBT people who don’t experience overt discrimination, such as being fired from a job, may still find that the threat of it shapes their lives in subtle but profound ways. David M.,* a gay man, works at a Fortune 500 company with a formal, written nondiscrimination policy. “I couldn’t be fired for being gay,” he said. But David went on to explain, “When partners at the firm invite straig…
Unique Vulnerabilities in The Workplace
- Within the LGBT community, people who were vulnerable to discrimination across multiple identities reported uniquely high rates of avoidance behaviors. In particular, LGBT people of color were more likely to hide their sexual orientation and gender identity from employers, with 12 percent removing items from their resumes—in comparison to 8 percent of white LGBT respond…
Unique Vulnerabilities in The Public Square
- Discrimination, harassment, and violence against LGBT people—especially transgender people—has always been common in places of public accommodation, such as hotels, restaurants, or government offices. The 2015 United States Transgender Survey found that, among transgender people who visited a place of public accommodation where staff knew or be…
Unique Vulnerabilities in Health Care
- In 2010, more than half of LGBT people reported being discriminated against by a health care providers and more than 25 percent of transgender respondents reported being refused medical care outright. Since then, LGBT people have gained protections from health care discrimination—most notably, regulations stemming from the Affordable Care Act, or ACA, have …
A Call to Action
- To ensure that federal civil rights laws explicitly protect LGBT people, Congress should pass the Equality Act, a comprehensive bill banning discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in employment, public accommodations, housing, credit, and federal funding, among other provisions. Likewise, state and local governments should pass comprehensive nondiscriminatio…
Methodology
- To conduct this study, CAP commissioned and designed a survey, fielded by Knowledge Networks, which surveyed 1,864 individuals about their experiences with health insurance and health care. Among the respondents, 857 identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and/or transgender, while 1,007 identified as heterosexual and cisgender/nontransgender. Respondents came from …