What is the sociocultural model of behavior?
Finally, the sociocultural model indicated the roles that socioeconomic status, gender, environmental, and multicultural factors can play in abnormal behavior.
How are psychological disorders treated from a sociocultural perspective?
Drugs, surgery and therapy are all used to treat different types of mental illnesses. The sociocultural view of abnormal psychology focuses on the social and cultural causes and treatments of abnormality. As with other views of psychological disorders, there are specific ways to treat psychological disorders from a sociocultural perspective.
What is the sociocultural view of abnormal psychology?
The sociocultural view of abnormal psychology focuses on the social and cultural causes and treatments of abnormality. As with other views of psychological disorders, there are specific ways to treat psychological disorders from a sociocultural perspective. Are you a student or a teacher?
What are the four sociocultural perspectives on behavior?
In terms of psychological perspectives, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic and existential perspectives were discussed. Finally, the sociocultural model indicated the roles that socioeconomic status, gender, environmental, and multicultural factors can play in abnormal behavior.
How does the sociocultural model explain abnormal behavior?
A sociocultural model of abnormality emphasizes the social and cultural context, going so far as to suggest that abnormality is a direct function of society's criteria and definitions for appropriate behavior. In this model, abnormality is social, not medical or psychological.
What is sociocultural model of therapy?
The sociocultural perspective looks at you, your behaviors, and your symptoms in the context of your culture and background. Clinicians using this approach integrate cultural and religious beliefs into the therapeutic process.
What are sociocultural models?
Sociocultural models (SCMs) are a structured set of prescriptions for people to interpret the world, communities, other people, and themselves; they are a set of scripts for acting in accord with these interpretations.
What is the difference between sociocultural and psychological?
While both study human behavior, psychology and sociology approach this subject on a different scale. Psychology is focused on understanding the individual, while sociology — like its name suggests — focuses on social groups, communities, and cultures.
What is an example of sociocultural?
The definition of sociocultural is something that involves the social and cultural aspects. An example of sociocultural is a focus of study in anthropology. An example of sociocultural is knowing about the people around you and their family backgrounds.
Why is sociocultural theory important?
Why is sociocultural theory important? The sociocultural perspective reinforces the role that people in mentor-like positions play in shaping who we become. This includes not just parents and teachers but also community leaders and others we model ourselves after.
What is sociocultural in abnormal psychology?
The sociocultural theory of abnormal psychology focuses on society and family as causes of mental illness. Strengths of this theory include the fact that it addresses the impact that society has on individuals, it looks at issues surrounding labeling of people and it has a high treatment success rate.
What sociocultural means?
Definition of sociocultural : of, relating to, or involving a combination of social and cultural factors.
What is sociocultural theory?
What Is Sociocultural Theory? Sociocultural theory looks at the ways that society impacts development and behavior. Lev Vygotsky theorized that teachers, parents, and peers make an impact on an individual's learning, but so does culture and beliefs. Social interaction, then, is key to learning and proper development.
What is the major difference between sociological and psychological theories?
What is the major difference between sociological and psychological theories used to explain deviance? Sociological explanations focus on factors outside the individual, while, psychological explanations look for answers within the individual.
What are 3 examples of sociocultural differences?
Several dimensions of culture that require particular attention from global businesses are listed below.Language. ... Customs and Taboos. ... Values. ... Time and Punctuality. ... Business Norms. ... Religious Beliefs and Celebrations.
How does social psychology differ from other fields of psychology?
Personality psychology focuses on individual traits, characteristics, and thoughts. Social psychology is focused on situations. Social psychologists are interested in the impact that the social environment and group interactions have on attitudes and behaviors.
What is sociocultural approach in psychology?
The sociocultural approach and diagnosis in Abnormal Psychology. People from different cultures can experience mental illness differently, which is a major factor that can influence diagnosis. (Photo by Kat Jayne on pexels.com)
How does culture affect antidepressants?
This study highlights a couple of factors; firstly, culture can affect how patients report their symptoms which can affect the accuracy of diagnosis.
What factors affect diagnosis?
Culture and Reporting Symptoms. One factor that may affect diagnosis is culture. In particular, people from different cultures may report their symptoms differently. For example, a lot of research has shown that Chinese patients focus less on psychological symptoms and more on somatic (physical) symptoms when meeting with a clinician.
Why is reporting symptoms different?
One explanation for the differences in reporting symptoms is that the symptoms of a disorder may actually be different for people from different cultures. The way culture affects the presentation of symptoms (i.e. reporting of symptoms to a clinician) is a major factor that can affect diagnosis.
When did cognitive behavior modification begin?
In terms of the latter, cognitive behavior modification procedures arose after the 1960s and with the rise of cognitive psychology. This led to a cognitive-behavioral perspective that combines concepts from the behavioral and cognitive models, the latter discussed in the next section.
Why do men and women have the same mental health issues?
In relation to men: “Men and women experience many of the same mental disorders but their willingness to talk about their feelings may be very different. This is one of the reasons that their symptoms may be very different as well. For example, some men with depression or an anxiety disorder hide their emotions and may appear to be angry or aggressive while many women will express sadness. Some men may turn to drugs or alcohol to try to cope with their emotional issues.”
What is the single factor of mental illness?
To effectively treat a mental disorder, we have to understand its cause. This could be a single factor such as a chemical imbalance in the brain, relationship with a parent, socioeconomic status (SES), a fearful event encountered during middle childhood, or the way in which the individual copes with life’s stressors. This single factor explanation is called a uni-dimensional model. The problem with this approach is that mental disorders are not typically caused by a solitary factor, but multiple causes. Admittedly, single factors do emerge during a person’s life, but as they arise, the factors become part of the individual. In time, the cause of the person’s psychopathology is due to all of these individual factors.
What is biological and psychological?
Biological – includes genetics, chemical imbalances in the brain, the functioning of the nervous system, etc. Psychological – includes learning, personality, stress, cognition, self-efficacy, and early life experiences.
Is biological model good?
The biological model is generally well respected today but suffers a few key issues. First, consider the list of side effects given for psychotropic medications. You might make the case that some of the side effects are worse than the condition they are treating. Second, the viewpoint that all human behavior is explainable in biological terms, and therefore when issues arise, they can be treated using biological methods, overlooks factors that are not fundamentally biological. More on that over the next two sections.
Is it better to subscribe to a multidimensional model?
So, it is better to subscribe to a multi-dimensional model that integrates multiple causes of psychopathology and affirms that each cause comes to affect other causes over time. Uni-dimensional models alone are too simplistic to explain the etiology of mental disorders fully.
What is the sociocultural view of abnormal psychology?
The sociocultural view of abnormal psychology focuses on the social and cultural causes and treatments of abnormality.
What are sociocultural treatments?
Two sociocultural treatments are group therapy, or attending a therapy session with other patients that is led by a psychologist or counselor, and family therapy, which seeks to treat the family unit instead of the individual. Learning Outcomes.
What is psychological treatment?
Traditionally, treatment for psychological disorders involved being committed to a psychiatric facility, like an asylum. In this case, the treatment focused completely on the individual. Since many of the patients would never leave the asylum, there was no need to worry about society's impact on the patients, or the patients' ability to live in society at large.
Why is group therapy important?
Since many psychological disorders are triggered or affected by society and culture, group therapy is a good way for people to talk about and find ways to deal with the aspects of society that contribute to their disorders. Family Therapy.
How long did psychologists see patients?
Instead of committing people with psychological problems to treatment facilities, psychologists began to see patients only a few hours a week. The rest of the time, the patients lived and worked in the community. Though in general this was a good move, deinstitutionalization did lead to some problems.
Can Shelby's family come to therapy?
She might still go to individual and group therapy, but as her psychologist, you might also recommend that her family come to therapy together. Family therapy is the process of treating a family unit, not just an individual. As Shelby's psychologist, you might ask that her family come to therapy with her.
What are the factors that contribute to abnormal behavior?
Psychological and interpersonal factors have a significant role to play in abnormal behaviour. These factors include maternal deprivation (separation from the mother, or lack of warmth and stimulation during early years of life), faulty parent-child relationships (rejection, overprotection, over permissiveness, faulty discipline), ...
How is maladaptive behavior learned?
According to this model, maladaptive way of behaving is learned through classical conditioning (temporal association in which two events repeatedly occur close together in time), operant conditioning (behaviour is followed by a reward), social learning (learning by imitating others’ behaviour).
What do humanists believe?
Humanists believe that human beings are born with a natural tendency to be friendly, cooperative and constructive and are driven to self-actualize, i.e. to fulfill this potential for goodness and growth. They further believe that from birth we have total freedom to give meaning to our existence or avoid that responsibility. Those who shirk from this responsibility live empty, inauthentic and dysfunctional lives.
Why do sociocultural psychologists look at the impact of society on abnormal psychology?
People don't live in a vacuum, which is why the sociocultural approach looks at the impact of society on abnormal psychology. Whether it is family dynamics, cultural expectations or societal biases, sociocultural psychologists look at the way society can cause or exacerbate abnormality.
Which approach to abnormality states that some people are vulnerable to mental illness?
Diathesis-Stress Approach. The last approach to abnormality, the diathesis-stress model, states that some people are vulnerable to mental illness, and therefore people have varying levels of stress at which they will develop a mental illness.
What are the different approaches to abnormal psychology?
In general, there are seven approaches to the study of abnormal psychology: biological, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, sociocultural and diathesis-stress.
What is abnormal psychology?
Abnormal psychology is the study of mental illness and abnormal behavior. There are seven major approaches to abnormal psychology. The biological approach says psychological disorders are a result of physical issues. The psychodynamic theory views psychological disorders as a result of unconscious desires.
What is cognitive approach?
Cognitive Approach. Psychologists who follow the cognitive approach explain abnormality in terms of the thought processes of the patient. Thought processes and perceptions are viewed as a major force on the mentally ill, and treatment focuses on changing maladaptive thought patterns.
What is biological approach to psychology?
The biological approach to abnormal psychology focuses on the medical issues that underlie the mental illness. These issues may involve physical illness, damage or lesions to the brain or chemical imbalances. Biological treatments are often pharmacological; that is, most biological treatments involve drugs.
What is behavioral therapy?
Behavioral treatments focus on changing the behaviors of the mentally ill, not on addressing the underlying causes of the behaviors. In the case of Jenni, a behavioral therapist would look at Jenni's behaviors of disengaging from her friends and staying in bed all day as the main problem.
Section Learning Objectives
- Describe the sociocultural model.
- Clarify how socioeconomic factors affect mental illness.
- Clarify how gender factors affect mental illness.
- Clarify how environmental factors affect mental illness.
- Describe the sociocultural model.
- Clarify how socioeconomic factors affect mental illness.
- Clarify how gender factors affect mental illness.
- Clarify how environmental factors affect mental illness.
1. Socioeconomic Factors
- Low socioeconomic status has been linked to higher rates of mental and physical illness (Ng, Muntaner, Chung, & Eaton, 2014) due to persistent concern over unemployment or under-employment, low wages, lack of health insurance, no savings, and the inability to put food on the table, which can then lead to feeling hopeless, helpless, and dependent on others. This situation …
2. Gender Factors
- Gender plays an important, though at times, unclear role in mental illness. It is important to understand that gender is not the cause of mental illness, though differing demands placed on males and females by society and their culture can influence the development and course of a disorder. Consider the following: 1. Rates of eating disorders are higher among women than, me…
3. Environmental Factors
- Environmental factors also play a role in the development of mental illness. How so? 1. In the case of borderline personality disorder, many people report experiencing traumatic life events such as abandonment, abuse, unstable relationships or hostility, and adversity during childhood. 2. Cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and drug use during pregnancy are risk factors for ADHD. 3. D…
4. Multicultural Factors
- Racial, ethnic, and cultural factors are also relevant to understanding the development and course of mental disorders. Multicultural psychologists assert that both normal behavior and abnormal behavior need to be understood in relation to the individual’s unique culture and the group’s value system. Racial and ethnic minorities must contend with prejudice, discrimination, racism, econo…
Chapter Recap
- In Chapter 2, we first distinguished uni- and multi-dimensional models of abnormality and made a case that the latter was better to subscribe to. We then discussed biological, psychological, and sociocultural models of abnormality. In terms of the biological model, neurotransmitters, brain structures, hormones, genes, and viral infections were discussed as potential causes of mental …
Culture and Reporting Symptoms
Key Study: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Reporting Symptoms of Depression
- This study was conducted in Malaysia and compared how depression was reported in two distinct groups: Malaysian-Chinese and white Australians. The researchers gathered data on the major symptom the patient identified as why they sought help and the patients also filled out questionnaires on their symptoms. The results showed that even though all patients were diagn…
Culture and Somatization
- One explanation for the differences in reporting symptoms is that the symptoms of a disorder may actually be different for people from different cultures. The way culture affects the presentation of symptoms (i.e. reporting of symptoms to a clinician) is a major factor that can affect diagnosis. For example, it is common that people from Asian cult...
Key Study: The DSM III and Somatic Symptoms in Chinese Patients
- In this study, Kleinman analyzed 100 Chinese patients who had been diagnosed with neurasthenia. This is a disorder that is characterized by somatic symptoms, such as fatigue, insomnia, headaches, anxiety and a general low mood. While it is similar to depression, it is a separate diagnosis. As part of the study, Kleinman re-diagnosed the patients using the newly rel…
Uni- vs. Multi-Dimensional Models of Abnormality
The Biological Model
- Section Learning Objectives 1. Describe how communication in the nervous system occurs. 2. List the parts of the nervous system. 3. Describe the structure of the neuron and all key parts. 4. Outline how neural transmission occurs. 5. Identify and define important neurotransmitters. 6. List the major structures of the brain. 7. Clarify how specific areas of the brain are involved in menta…
Psychological Perspectives
- Section Learning Objectives 1. Describe psychodynamic theory. 2. Outline the structure of personality and how it develops over time. 3. Describe ways to deal with anxiety. 4. Clarify what psychodynamic techniques are used. 5. Evaluate the usefulness of psychodynamic theory. 6. Describe learning. 7. Outline respondent conditioning and the work of Pavlov and Watson. 8. Out…
The Sociocultural Model
- Section Learning Objectives 1. Describe the sociocultural model. 2. Clarify how socioeconomic factors affect mental illness. 3. Clarify how gender factors affect mental illness. 4. Clarify how environmental factors affect mental illness. 5. Clarify how multicultural factors affect mental illness. 6. Evaluate the sociocultural model. Outside of biol...