Age and developmental stages are assessed to determine if the client is at the expected level of growth and development, to plan care that is age and developmentally appropriate and to modify care as based on the age related characteristics and needs of our clients.
Full Answer
What are age and developmental stages?
Age and developmental stages are assessed to determine if the client is at the expected level of growth and development, to plan care that is age and developmentally appropriate and to modify care as based on the age related characteristics and needs of our clients.
What is Developmental Counseling and therapy?
Developmental counseling and therapy (DCT) is a counseling approach developed by Allen Ivey for understanding and helping people. It is based in theories of individual uniqueness, human growth and development, family and environmental systems, wellness, multicultural awareness, counseling and therapy, and change.
What is the DCT model of counseling?
DCT may be described as an integrative metatheory that incorporates other theories and counseling approaches in a systematic manner. As a consequence, it provides a means for counselors to assess their clients accurately and choose interventions most likely to assure successful counseling outcomes.
Can we apply therapeutic principles and techniques to child care workers?
However, the relative paucity of therapeutic principles and techniques specific to developmental stages, which could be applied by child care workers in their daily interactions with the youth in care, is a serious limitation of these perspectives.
How important is the role of development in counseling?
Understanding human development and what constitutes 'normal' behavior allows counselors to spot the warning signs and provide guidance that can have a positive impact on a student's life. School counselors' understanding of human growth and development is the building block of a successful and rewarding career.
What are the steps needed to develop a systematic treatment plan for a client?
These domains include: (1) patient predisposing qualities, (2) treatment context, (3) relationship variables, and (4) intervention selection. These main principles provide the basis for which guidelines have been developed to systematically individualize treatment plans.
How do you develop a treatment plan?
Treatment plans usually follow a simple format and typically include the following information:The patient's personal information, psychological history and demographics.A diagnosis of the current mental health problem.High-priority treatment goals.Measurable objectives.A timeline for treatment progress.More items...•
How does age affect therapy?
The data suggest that older patients are perceived as sicker, but less treatable than younger patients or patients of the same age group as the therapist. Residents express a strong preference for treating younger patients, but more readily develop a treatment relationship with same age patients.
What should happen before the treatment plan is implemented?
1. Preclinical exam—Before the examination begins, it is important that the dentist or team member conducts a preclinical exam to understand why the patient is there, past experiences, desired changes, any problems occurring, and more. 2.
What are the steps to successful treatment?
5 Steps to an Effective Treatment PlanGoals (or objectives) Every good treatment plan starts with a clear goal (or set of goals). ... Active participation. A treatment plan then follows up with how each party will work to achieve the goal(s). ... Support. ... Outcomes. ... Client involvement.
What is a patient treatment plan?
Listen to pronunciation. (TREET-ment plan) A detailed plan with information about a patient's disease, the goal of treatment, the treatment options for the disease and possible side effects, and the expected length of treatment.
What are the four components of the treatment plan?
There are four necessary steps to creating an appropriate substance abuse treatment plan: identifying the problem statements, creating goals, defining objectives to reach those goals, and establishing interventions.
How do you treat a client plan?
Tips for Creating Better Counseling Treatment PlansLet Your Client Guide You. Leverage your client's insights and knowledge of their issues heavily as you work together on creating a treatment plan. ... Use SMART Goals. Goals are the foundation of the counseling treatment plan. ... Remember, It's Designed to Be Flexible.
Does the age of a therapist matter?
People choose therapists for a variety of reasons. While age doesn't always factor into the decision, many patients say it matters. To make progress in therapy, you need to trust the person taking notes on you, and feel comfortable sharing private details with them.
How the therapist help the aged person?
Therapy can help older adults who may have difficulty with the transitions of aging to manage their emotions, find new sources of enjoyment and meaning, and find new support systems. It can help people face their fears of death, if they have such fears, and deal with grief as friends and family members pass on.
How do you treat an older person?
Treating the Elderly with Respect and DignityListening Carefully. One of the most important action family members and caregivers can take in caring for elders is to listen to them carefully. ... Affording Respect. ... Understanding Values. ... Relinquishing Independence.
Designing a program
We can incorporate more than two dozen evidence-based practices—all considered effective at promoting positive outcomes in children and adolescents with autism—into treatment ( explore many of them in this report from The National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorder ).
Begin with a developmental assessment
Everyone on the autism spectrum faces a core challenge with social communication. Most positive long-term outcomes correlate with social and emotional competence.
Pre-symbolic children
For a pre-symbolic child with autism, there is often a clear preference for nonsocial stimuli and less social engagement. Therefore, the strongest predictors of language acquisition include the ability to initiate shared attention and the child’s frequency of spontaneous nonverbal communication.
Emerging language stages
For children who communicate with speech, pictures or other symbols, try using relational word combinations—made up of people’s names and actions—to express a range of social functions, such as requesting, commenting or sharing emotion.
Conversational children
Once creative and generative language emerges—verbally or through augmentative communication—the child’s ability to communicate effectively using social conventions becomes the strongest predictor of positive outcomes.
Author Notes
Emily Rubin, MS, CCC-SLP, is the director of the educational outreach program at the Marcus Autism Center, an affiliate of Emory University. She is an affiliate of ASHA Special Interest Group 1, Language Learning and Education. [email protected]
Why do staff members need to be educated about the age related changes and the age specific characteristics and needs of clients across
Staff members must be educated about the age related changes and the age specific characteristics and needs of clients across the life span so that they can modify the care of their client's accordingly.
When does Jean Piaget use cognitive development?
Jean Piaget's levels of cognitive development from birth until 12 years of age are used for the assessment of children up to this age, after which the cognitive development of the child is complete.
What age group develops the super ego?
These age groups and their associated developmental tasks are: Infancy and Early Childhood: During this period of time the child develops the super ego, or conscience, and they also develop and maintain emotional stability and relationships with the members of their family unit and friends in their community.
Who is the father of psychotherapy?
Psychosexual Development: Sigmund Freud. Sigmund Freud, often referred to as the father of psychotherapy, developed the concepts of id, ego and superego, the psychological defense mechanisms such as sublimation and suppression, as well as the 5 stages of psychosexual growth and development.
What is an id?
The id is an unconscious mechanism that operates in terms of instant gratification and instant pleasure. Some say that infants are nothing more than a bundle of id. The ego is the person's sense of self that provides the person with the ability to control oneself and one's behaviors.
What is developmental theory?
While developmental theories have been used as a diagnostic tool in counseling adults, they do not seem to have been used as a basis for treatment. The author reviews the theories of Piaget, Kohlberg, Perry and Erikson and abstracts from them a series of basic statements and corollaries that form the core of a theory of developmental counseling and psychotherapy.
Is developmental counseling a theory?
The author notes that it is a theory based, not on controlled observation, but on clinical experience and previously explicated developmental theories.
How do people deal with the changes and challenges of each life period?
How they deal with the changes and challenges of each life period becomes part of their life story. Each individual has strengths built through his or her experiences. Individuals also have some blind spots, or lack of awareness of the thoughts and feelings that keep them from living life to the fullest.
What are the stages of cognitive development?
Piaget studied the cognitive development of children and proposed four sequential stages in the development of thought processes. These stages are linear and hierarchical. They are also qualitatively different. The sensory motor stage is seen in the infant who experiences the world through the five senses: taste, touch, hearing, smell, and vision. The preoperational child begins to develop mental images to represent things that are not physically present. Lacking life experiences, these images are often incomplete or flawed. Young children, ages 7 to 11, begin to develop a concrete understanding of the world. This allows children to think logically rather than magically to explain events. Adolescents enter the final stage of development and are able to understand abstract concepts. They can imagine future events and think about and hypothesize consequences without needing to take action.
What are the four CED styles?
In DCT, four cognitive-emotional-developmental styles (CED) are defined, the sensorimotor, concrete, formal, and dialectic systemic CED styles. These are similar to Piaget’s four styles but differ in that they are not linear, not hierarchical, and not sequential. They cycle over the life span in response to new developmental transitions and life experiences. The CED styles are similar to Plato’s concepts in that they represent both observable external behaviors and the internal world of ideas.
What is DCT therapy?
Developmental counseling and therapy (DCT) is a counseling approach developed by Allen Ivey for understanding and helping people. It is based in theories of individual uniqueness, human growth and development, family and environmental systems, wellness, multicultural awareness, counseling and therapy, and change. DCT may be described as an integrative metatheory that incorporates other theories and counseling approaches in a systematic manner. As a consequence, it provides a means for counselors to assess their clients accurately and choose interventions most likely to assure successful counseling outcomes.
What is the DCT model?
Basic to the DCT model is a wellness approach and a search for what is right in client development. Counselors seek to help people grow in a positive manner over the life span. Changes and transitions are normal, yet even normal changes can create difficulties. People are often confused when a transition creates conflicting emotions such as joy and sadness. This is typical because with every transition, some new and desired things are gained, and some things are lost as well. For example, the birth of a new child is a joy to parents and a cause for celebration. The birth also brings a major change in the activities of each day. “Free” time may be lost as the needs of the child require the attention of parents.
What is DCT in philosophy?
DCT is grounded in multiple theories and in the philosophical writings of Plato and the research and applications of Jean Piaget. Both proposed four levels or styles of thinking that are linear and qualitatively different.
What is the foundation of affective responses?
Physical sensations and feelings are the foundation of people’s affective responses and often the foundation of their behaviors. People feel and then they act. Often they are not conscious of the feelings and question why they behave as they do. Early sensorimotor functioning is defined as the experience of feelings.
Why did Carrie go to the counselor?
Her teacher referred Carrie to the school counselor because the situation between Carrie and the other girls in the class had become disruptive. The teacher eras concerned about Carries obvious lack of social skills and her inability to understand the nuances of friendship. The teacher believed that Carrie would greatly benefit from being a member of a social skills counseling group, but also felt that individual counseling might be warranted.
What is Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Piaget (1952) proposed a theory of cognitive development to explain the mariner in which children construct knowledge and how this process changes over time. He believed that children "naturally try to make sense of their world" (Kail & Cavanaugh, 2000, p. 26), including physical as well as social phenomena. Children consistently create and test theories to explain the world they observe. At critical points in their development, new ways of thinking or constricting knowledge emerge. These new ways of thinking are described in terms of four qualitatively different ways of making meaning or of knowing the world around them: sensorimotor, pre- operational, concrete, and formal operational.
How would Carrie benefit from a social skills group?
Although it was clear from her presenting issues that Carrie would benefit from a social skills group, the extent of her alienation from the other girls made an individual as an appropriate place to start, If Carrie could be helped to understand something about her problem, then she would more likely cooperate with the members of the group and be motivated to learn how better to relate to others. As a consequence, the school counselor met with her individually, spent a little time asking her to talk about her reasons for coming to the counseling office, then began to focus her on a specific situation in order to complete the structured developmental assessment interview (Ivey, 1991; Ivey & Ivey, 1988).
Why is a therapeutic bond important?
A strong therapeutic bond is imperative in order to achieve a successful outcome in psychotherapy. This bond must begin with the initial intake session. Research indicates that clients who feel disconnected from the clinician due to cultural, ethnic, or even religious differences, are more likely to terminate treatment as early as the first session.
Why do people of the same age view life events with a similar perspective and have similar ideals?
Additionally, major life concerns, such as growing older, divorce, or health issues, are ones that may be dealt with uniquely based on age.
Why is it uncomfortable for counselors to explore late in life issues with older adults?
Catherine Roland, AADA’s representative to the ACA Governing Council and editor of Adultspan Journal, says it can be very uncomfortable for some counselors to explore late-in-life issues with older adult clients because it forces counselors to confront their own mortality, which can be a difficult process.
What is the aging path?
As adults move through the “new aged” stage, they share similar challenges, but in certain circumstances, Moll says, the aging path really starts to diverge. Although most people who reach older adulthood have some kind of health complaint, the “well-aged” (as Moll terms them) generally have minor or manageable conditions. They may have arthritis and other wear and tear, she explains, but they are as healthy as can be expected for their age group.
What do career counselors do for older adults?
One important task for career counselors is to show older adult clients how to reframe their experiences and work histories to match available positions , Feller says.
What are the common geriatric issues that a primary care provider sends to the medical school?
Primary care providers send aging adults with common geriatric issues such as dementia, depression, frequent falls and poor nutrition occurring with comorbid chronic illnesses such as obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure or diabetes to the medical school’s senior clinic for assessment.
Do older adults have to be in care?
Older adult clients may not currently be facing caregiving issues or having trouble transitioning into retirement, but there is one experience that everyone must eventually face: loss. Although that experience is certainly not restricted to the older adult population, it does become more common as people age.
Do aging adults need to work with their professional networks?
Instead, aging adults need to work with their professional and personal networks to connect with hiring managers. Meeting decision-makers face to face gives aging adults the opportunity to transcend being simply an “older résumé” by demonstrating their maturity and accumulated wisdom in person, Feller says.
Identifying Expected Physical, Cognitive and Psychosocial Stages of Development
- Age and developmental stages are assessed to determine if the client is at the expected level of growth and development, to plan care that is age and developmentally appropriate and to modify care as based on the age related characteristics and needs of our clients. These assessments include the physical, cognitive and psychosocial stages of growth...
Identifying Family Structures and Roles of Family Members
- Family structures are numerous and becoming more numerous and varied than any other time in the past. These family structures are discussed below: 1. The Traditional Nuclear Family: This family structure consists of biological children and two marred parents of different genders. 1. The Nuclear Family: This family structure consists of two marred parents of a different gender a…
Assessing The Impact of Change on The Family System
- Families, like all other open systems within the environment including individual clients, are impacted with changes. Some of these changes are expected and developmentally normal and other changes are unexpected and often disruptive to the homeostasis of the family. For example, a family system can be impacted with the empty nest syndrome which is an expected and devel…
Recognizing Cultural and Religious Influences That May Impact Family Functioning
- Similar to individual clients, families also have their own beliefs, practices, perspectives, values and views, some of which are present as the result of their culture, while others may be related to their religion and still more may just simply result from the family's personal preferences. Culture impacts on virtually all aspects of the client-nurse relationship. For example, communication pat…
Assisting The Client to Cope with Life Transitions
- Throughout the life span, there are several significant expected life transitions that require the person to cope and adjust. Some of these expected life transitions include attachment and bonding to the neonate, puberty, pregnancy, care of the newborn, parenting, and retirement. Nurses and other health care professionals assist clients to adapt to and cope with these norma…
Modifying Approaches to Care in Accordance with The Client's Developmental Stage
- As somewhat previously discussed with the "Integrated Process: Communication" and the "Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning", communication and teaching are modified according to the client's age, level of cognition, and developmental stage. Physical care, including medication administration, as will be discussed later in this review, is also modified according t…
Determining The Impact of Expected Body Image Changes on The Client
- In addition to the physical aspects of body image changes, there are also social and emotional impacts with these changes. With the support of the health care team, the client should be able to adapt to the changes, alter his or her life style as indicated, discard irrational beliefs and replace these with realistic expectations, maintain social interactions, and enhance the bodily image wit…
Evaluating The Impact of Expected Body Image Changes on The Client and Family
- Body image changes such as those associated with aging, pregnancy, menopause, disfiguring surgery, and others place challenges upon the client and the family in terms of coping and adaptation. Some of the signs that indicate whether or not the client is coping with altered bodily image include the client's acknowledgment of the changes as well as verbal and nonverbal com…