Increasingly, evidence suggests that psychological factors have an impact on surgical outcomes in both the short and long term. Pre-operative anxiety, depression and low self-efficacy are consistently associated with worse physiological surgical outcomes and postoperative quality of life.
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What factors influence outcome measures of physical therapy outcomes?
Psychosocial factors influence whether older adults seek and accept mental health interventions. These factors play a powerful role in adherence to interventions, and ultimately, depression outcomes. Similiarly, attitudes and beliefs about mental illness can promote resilience or exacerbate symptoms in a suffering individual. In an overview of ...
How do psychological or behavioral factors adversely affect the medical condition?
Nov 01, 2016 · This continuous reappraisal of the threat could account for variability in outcomes post-unintentional injury, including poor outcomes in those with relatively minor injuries. Whilst injury and demographic and pre-injury health status are not modifiable, there are effective interventions for psychological factors . This is particularly important given how common …
What are the factors affecting the course of a medical condition?
This Research Topic is part of a series of Research Topics on Psychological Factors as Determinants of Medical Conditions - Volume II Life expectancy is increasing world-wide, thus age-related diseases are becoming a major health concern. Chronic diseases and related outcomes, such as osteoporosis and associated fractures, diabetes and cardiovascular …
How do psychosocial factors affect mental health service use?
treatment outcomes, there also appears to be other overlapping components that may affect therapy outcomes. Empathy has been shown to be another indispensable element of the therapeutic process. Although a therapist’s empathy toward their client may have a part in forming the alliance, its influence on the relationship has been shown to be
How psychological factors can influence health?
Psychological factors influence not just the experience of health and illness, but also health behaviours. This influence can be reactive, e.g. drinking more due to stress, or proactive, e.g. making decisions about smoking cessation based on beliefs about health and belief in one's own ability to make changes.
What is psychological factors affecting medical condition?
The factors include mental disorders and psychological symptoms (e.g., major depressive disorder, anxiety), personality traits (e.g., hostile, denying), physiological response to stress, and behavior patterns detrimental to health (e.g., overeating, excessive alcohol consumption).
What are the factors of psychological factors?
Examples of psychosocial factors include social support, loneliness, marriage status, social disruption, bereavement, work environment, social status, and social integration.
What two main psychological factors that have the biggest impact on medical conditions?
The most common psychological factors include abnormal coping styles, denial of symptoms, poor adherence to medical treatment, and maladaptive health behavior.Jul 29, 2020
How do psychological factors affect mental health?
What Psychological Factors Contribute to Mental Illness? Psychological factors that may contribute to mental illness include: Severe psychological trauma suffered as a child, such as emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. An important early loss, such as the loss of a parent.Jun 30, 2020
What are examples of psychological factors?
A few examples of psychological factors are the nature of significant childhood and adult relationships, the experience of ease or stress in social environments (e.g., school, work), and the experience of trauma.
What is psychological influence?
When we talk about psychological factors that influence consumer decisions, we are referring to the workings of the mind or psyche: motivation, learning and socialization, attitudes and beliefs.
What are psychological effects?
Definition. Psychosocial impact is defined as the effect caused by environmental and/or biological factors on individual's social and/or psychological aspects. Several psychiatric disorders may affect psychological and social aspects of individual's lives.
How do psychological influences affect a buyer's decision making?
There are four psychological factors that influence consumer behaviour: Motivation, perception, learning, and attitude or belief system. Motivation speaks to the internal needs of the consumer. Understanding how to motivate your customer is a powerful tool.May 6, 2018
What is psychological determinants of health?
Psychological determinants were defined as the person's individual characteristics, such as cognitions, beliefs and motivation, that could potentially be associated with PA [4].Aug 17, 2017
Mental Disorder Affecting a Medical Condition
If the patient has a treatable Axis I disorder, treatment for it should be provided. Whereas this is obviously justified on the basis of providing relief from the Axis I disorder, psychiatric treatment is further supported by the myriad ways in which the psychiatric disorder may currently or in future adversely affect the medical illness.
Psychological Symptoms Affecting a General Medical Condition
In some instances, psychiatric symptoms not meeting the thresh-old for an Axis I diagnosis will respond positively to the same treatments used for the analogous Axis I psychiatric disorder, with appropriate modifications as noted before.
Personality Traits or Coping Style Affecting a General Medical Condition
As with Axis II disorders affecting a medical condition, psychia-trists should be aware of the personality style’s effects on the phy-sician–patient relationship and modify management better to fit the patient.
Maladaptive Health Behavior Affecting a General Medical Condition
This is an area of research with many promising approaches. To achieve smoking cessation, bupropion, nicotine replace-ment, behavioral therapies and other pharmacological strate-gies all warrant consideration. Behavioral strategies are also useful in promoting better dietary practices, sleep hygiene, safe sex and exercise.
Stress-related Physiological Response Affecting a Medical Condition
Biofeedback, relaxation techniques, hypnosis and other stress management interventions have been helpful in reducing stress-induced exacerbations of medical illness including cardiac, gas-trointestinal, headache and other symptoms.
Psychological Factors in Specific Medical Disorders
The primary focus is on those effects for which there is reasonable evidence from controlled studies. Space considerations preclude inclusion of all valuable studies and all medical disorders.
How does unintentional injury affect health?
Unintentional injuries can have a significant impact on health services and individuals’ physical and psychological health. They are estimated to account for 9% of disability-adjusted life years globally [1] and nearly 700,000 hospital admissions in England yearly [2].
What are the long term effects of unintentional injuries?
Unintentional injuries have a significant long-term health impact in working age adults. Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder are common post-injury, but their impact on self-reported recovery has not been investigated in general injury populations. This study investigated the role of psychological predictors 1 month post-injury ...
How long does it take for PTSD to recover?
Given the high rates of PTSD symptoms (measured using the IES) at 1 and 12 months and PTSD (measured using the SCID) by 12 months , it is likely that PTSD psychopathology contributed to the effect of depression on recovery since these conditions commonly co-exist and depression symptoms are a common feature of PTSD.
Is depression a mental health issue?
Health professionals routinely treating people with unintentional injuries are not mental health experts.
About this Research Topic
This Research Topic is part of a series of Research Topics on Psychological Factors as Determinants of Medical Conditions - Volume II#N#Life expectancy is ...
Relationship Between Self-Perceived Health, Vitality, and Posttraumatic Growth in Liver Transplant Recipients
Jesús Funuyet-Salas , Agustín Martín-Rodríguez , Mercedes Borda-Mas , María Luisa Avargues-Navarro , Miguel Ángel Gómez-Bravo, Manuel Romero-Gómez , Rupert Conrad and María Ángeles Pérez-San-Gregorio
Impacts of Psychological Stress on Osteoporosis: Clinical Implications and Treatment Interactions
Review The significant biochemical and physiological effects of psychological stress are beginning to be recognized as exacerbating common diseases, including osteoporosis. This review discusses the current evidence for psychological stress-associated ...
What are the factors that contribute to a lack of return to activity after surgery?
Differences in psychological and behavioral responses to pain are some of the best-studied factors that may contribute to a lack of return to activity following an injury or surgery. 1 The fear-avoidance model of pain is a cognitive-behavioral theory originally developed by Lethem et al; 2 this model has persisted for several decades and has been extensively validated. 3 In the orthopaedic setting, when patients experience recurrent pain with particular movements or activities, an exaggerated negative psychological response to pain or the anticipation of pain (ie, pain catastrophizing) 4 may develop that leads to an active avoidance of movement out of fear of recurrent pain or injury (ie, kinesiophobia). 5 In the postoperative setting, this persistent fear-avoidance behavior, despite surgical correction of the pain generator, may contribute to poor-quality rehabilitation that, in turn, may lead to insufficient improvement in symptoms ( Figure 1 ).
How long does it take to recover from orthopaedic surgery?
Orthopaedic surgery often requires many months of rehabilitation to achieve a successful outcome, regardless of subspecialty. Several important psychological factors strongly influence pain perceptions, rehabilitation compliance, and patient outcomes after common orthopaedic surgeries that require extensive rehabilitation, including total joint arthroplasty, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, and spine surgery for degenerative disease. Early recognition of patients exhibiting psychological distress, fear-avoidance behavior, or poor perceived self-efficacy or pessimistic personality traits can be used to improve preoperative risk stratification for poor rehabilitation or surgical outcomes. Several intervention strategies exist to address these psychological factors when they appear to contribute suboptimal postoperative rehabilitation or recovery.
What is the purpose of assessing the patient’s understanding of the pathology, nature, and prognosis
Assess the patient’s understanding of the pathology, nature and prognosis of disease#N#By providing a thorough medical work-up , the patient, clinical team, and system decision makers (e.g., insurer, employer) can be provided with the most meaningful medical determination of medical causes that might contribute to the patient’s distress.
How to improve recovery trajectory?
As a part of the thorough analysis, specialists should specify and provide coping behaviors that could improve recovery trajectory. Although initially time-consuming, time may be saved later by making an early, comprehensive, specification of medical impairment and the relevant adaptive behaviors. This can work by: 1) shifting or improving focus of other providers towards problem-solving illness behaviors, rather than requesting unnecessary reassessments; 2) improving focus in follow-up by virtue of having the previous plan of action at hand; 3) avoiding patient misinterpretations, such as “Dr. Smith thinks I just need to lose weight;” and 4) maintaining patient focus on specific goals and behaviors, rather than on the belief that the specialist must have something else to offer.
What is illness behavior?
In 1978, Mechanic coined the term “illness behavior” to refer to both the adaptive and maladaptive ways that individuals perceive, evaluate, and act on their symptoms. 1 Illness behavior has been studied in many health conditions, 2,3,4,5 including: musculoskeletal injuries, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, heart disease, immune disorders, and cancer. Psychosocial factors affect both psychological as well as physical functioning over time 5 which can lead to either adaptive or maladaptive illness behaviors. Classes of adaptive illness behaviors include:
What are adaptive behaviors?
Classes of adaptive illness behaviors include: active coping (in contrast to passivity, avoidance, or prolonged emotions); social support; patient optimism and use of humor. positive cognitive appraisal and acceptance (versus negative appraisal such as catastrophizing).
What is holistic assessment?
Holistic assessment is a process of defining a condition using theory and presence. It is done when a nurse considers the whole health of a person rather than focus on one key area. Reference.com. (2019). Creating a holistic therapeutic relationship involves physical, psychological and social aspects.
What is the Care Act 2014?
The care act 2014 emphasizes the statutory responsibilities for the integration of care between health and local authorities. Adult safeguarding means protecting a person’s right to safety, free from neglect and abuse (NHS England. The Care Act 2014 ).
What is holistic relationship?
Creating a holistic therapeutic relationship involves physical, psychological and social aspects. The social aspect of this look at patient’s perception of self and others. In other to provide a holistic care requires staff to address patient’s physical and social needs as well.
Mentaldisorder Affecting A Medical Condition
Psychologicalsymptoms Affecting A General Medical Condition
PersonalityTraits Or Coping Style Affecting A General Medical Condition
Maladaptivehealth Behavior Affecting A General Medical Condition
Stress-Relatedphysiological Response Affecting A Medical Condition
Psychologicalfactors in Specific Medical Disorders
- Theprimary focus is on those effects for which there is reasonable evidence fromcontrolled studies. Space considerations preclude inclusion of all valuable studiesand all medical disorders. Most ofthe early research suffers from serious method-ological flaws, including use ofsmall biased samples, limited or no statistical analysis, poor (if any)con...