Racial/ethnic disparities in health care have been explained by differences in access to care measures. For example, black and Hispanic individuals are more likely to be impoverished and uninsured, which impedes their ability to obtain health services (Ashton et al. 2003).
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How does gender affect therapy outcomes?
Therefore, it is believed gender affects more than just client and therapist relations, but also has the ability to affect therapy diagnosis, treatment selection, length of treatment, and therapeutic outcome. Social influence is when an individual’s thoughts or actions are affected by other people, real or imagined.
How do gender and racial differences affect therapeutic processes?
how gender and racial differences affect therapeutic processes. affect therapy processes. Clinical lore drives many assumptions apy beyond the actual intervention. For example, there is a com- male therapists and girls with female therapists. This is particularly developmental needs.
Do race and ethnicity matter in the context of mental health treatment?
This study demonstrated that issues surrounding race and ethnicity are important to ethnic minorities in the context of mental health treatment, and, in fact, clients are less satisfied when such elements are not included in their care.
How does the socio-economic status of ethnic groups affect health care?
It is also undeniable that the socio-economic status that some ethnicities face has had a considerable impact on their quality of living, which includes, of course, access to health care. Disadvantaged minorities show a great gap among different ethnic groups.
How does race and gender affect health care?
African American men had fewer physician contacts; minority and non-Hispanic White women used fewer hospital or outpatient surgery services; minority men used less outpatient surgery; and Hispanic women were less likely to use nursing home care, compared with non-Hispanic White men, controlling for predisposing factors ...
How does ethnicity impact healthcare?
Compared with whites, members of racial and ethnic minorities are less likely to receive preventive health services and often receive lower-quality care. They also have worse health outcomes for certain conditions.
How does race and ethnicity affect health care in the US?
NAM found that “racial and ethnic minorities receive lower-quality health care than white people—even when insurance status, income, age, and severity of conditions are comparable.” By “lower-quality health care,” NAM meant the concrete, inferior care that physicians give their black patients.
How ethnicity affects the gender role?
Ethnic relations affected gender roles in two main ways: by specifying the kind of work appropriate to the white male, white female, black male and black female, and by influencing patterns of sexual access.
What is racial and ethnic disparities in health care?
The Institute of Medicine defines disparities as “racial or ethnic differences in the quality of health care that are not due to access-related factors or clinical needs, preferences, and appropriateness of intervention.” Racial and ethnic minorities tend to receive poorer quality care compared with nonminorities, even ...
Why is race important in Medicine?
Race continues to permeate medical teaching and clinical decision making and treatment in multiple ways, including: (1) through providers' attitudes and implicit biases, (2) disease stereotyping and nomenclature, and (3) clinical algorithms and treatment guidelines.
How does culture affect health?
The influence of culture on health is vast. It affects perceptions of health, illness and death, beliefs about causes of disease, approaches to health promotion, how illness and pain are experienced and expressed, where patients seek help, and the types of treatment patients prefer.
How are minorities affected by healthcare?
Minority Americans Have Lower Rates of Insurance Coverage and Less Access to Care Lack of health insurance is linked to less access to care and more negative care experiences for all Americans. Hispanics and African Americans are most at risk of being uninsured.
What factors do you think contribute to the disparities in health among ethnic socioeconomic and gender groups in your country?
Socioeconomic factors (e.g., education, employment, and poverty), lifestyle behaviors (e.g., physical activity, alcohol intake, and tobacco use), social environment (e.g., educational and economic opportunities and neighborhood and work conditions), and access to clinical preventive services (e.g., cancer screening and ...
How does race and ethnicity result social stratification?
2. Racial and ethnic stratification refers systems of inequality in which some fixed groups membership, such as race, religion, or national origin is a major criterion for ranking social positions and their differential rewards.
What are the roles of male and female?
For example, girls and women are generally expected to dress in typically feminine ways and be polite, accommodating, and nurturing. Men are generally expected to be strong, aggressive, and bold. Every society, ethnic group, and culture has gender role expectations, but they can be very different from group to group.
What is the difference between race and ethnicity?
Ethnicity is similar in concept to race. But while races have often been distinguished on the basis of physical characteristics, especially skin color, ethnic distinctions generally focus on such cultural characteristics as language, history, religion, and customs (Montague, 1942).
Which is more likely to have autism: black or white?
Black and Hispanic children are more likely than white children to experience undiagnosed autism. Recent events have magnified inequities in our society along racial and ethnic lines generally and particularly in areas such as education, as instruction has moved online and become more parent-dependent.
How much do autistic teens live in poverty?
Drexel University’s 2018 study found that “nearly half of teens on the autism spectrum live in households with incomes at or below 185 percent of the federal poverty level (about $45,000 for a household of four). One in four lived in a home that received at least one form of public assistance”.
Do black and Hispanic children have autism?
Research in the last decade has found that black and Hispanic children are more likely than white children to experience undiagnosed autism, and to have their autism diagnosed later.
What are norms associated with gender?
Norms associated with gender play a major role in determining the strength of therapeutic relationships as well as treatment outcomes.
What is social influence?
Social influence is when an individual’s thoughts or actions are affected by other people, real or imagined. This type of influence takes on many forms and can be seen in areas of socialization, peer pressure, obedience, persuasion, sales, and marketing (Carli, 2001).
What is therapeutic relationship?
The therapeutic relationship is an encompassing term usually associated with psychotherapy. This relationship emphasizes the collaborative nature of an alliance between therapist and client (Horvath & Luborsky, 1993). Such an alliance incorporates client preferences and goals into treatment which in turn allows the therapist to establish methods for accomplishing those goals. The therapeutic relationship requires a therapist to listen and assess their clients without judgment. Throughout the literature, this relationship has been labeled as the actual treatment in psychotherapy and that without this positive alliance there is unlikely to be any progress. Nonetheless, even though it is considered to be an important component to therapy, a positive therapeutic relationship is often overlooked in predicting a client’s response to an intervention.
Who was the first to study sex?
Feldstein (1979) was one of the first to study whether sex or gender role identity (e.g. level of masculinity or femininity) is a critical factor in the therapeutic relationship.
Is gender a variable in psychotherapy?
In the understanding and practice of psychotherapy, gender is an important but neglected variable . Gender can influence the client’s choice of therapist, the rapport between them, the sequence and material presented for the diagnosis, and the length and final outcome of treatment (Gehart & Lyle, 2001).
Does gender affect therapy?
Therefore, it is believed gender affects more than just client and therapist relations, but also has the ability to affect therapy diagnosis, treatment selection, length of treatment, and therapeutic outcome.
How does ethnicity affect health?
The impact of ethnicity on the socio-economic distribution of health is no novelty. It is also undeniable that the socio-economic status that some ethnicities face has had a considerable impact on their quality of living, which includes, of course, access to health care.
Why is ethnicity important?
More importantly, ethnicity is a subjective appreciation. Self-identification is crucial to determine the categorization of an individual within a group that has its own way of acting, thinking…living. It is also necessary to note the difference with the idea of “ancestry” which refers to family background and origins.
Why should medical professionals ensure their patients a clear channel of communication?
Those who are responsible for medical attention and special treatments should always ensure their patients a clear channel of communication so that anyone, regardless of ethnicity and provenance, gains access to the information necessary to take good care of their health.
What are the repercussions of culture on health?
Depending on the culture, there are some things that have a special repercussion on health: family roles and relationships, ideologies of marriage and gender, preferences for doctors of a particular gender, perspectives on sex education and unplanned pregnancy, among others.
Is ethnicity subjective?
It is the result of shared traditions and a common social structure with particular customs and a specific sense of identity. More importantly, ethnicity is a subjective appreciation.
Do doctors have to be aware of cultural or religious appreciations?
Doctors must be aware of relevant cultural or even religious appreciations their patients hold, along with their family health history since sometimes they turn to be a significant source of information about disease prevalence and the access to health services.
Does ethnicity have physiological consequences?
Only experts have come to face the fact that ethnicity actually has physiological consequences and therefore, might help to explain a certain predisposition to pathologies and disease. This article will include information on the different impacts that ethnic factors have on health.
