hotochemotherapy has been used as a treatment for which of the following skin disorders?

What does photochemotherapy treat?

What skin conditions does phototherapy treat?

What is phototherapy used for in dermatology?

What is psoralen used for?

What are phototherapy patches?

How does phototherapy work for eczema?

How does phototherapy work for psoriasis?

What are the types of phototherapy?

What is photochemotherapy with UV B?

What is topical psoralen?

Does PUVA treatment work?

What is the difference between tinea corporis and tinea cruris?

Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp. Tinea corporis involves fungal infections of the body. Tinea cruris describes fungal infections of the inner thigh and inguinal creases. Tinea pedis is the term for fungal infections of the foot.

What is the term for fungal infections of the foot?

Tinea corporis involves fungal infections of the body. Tinea cruris describes fungal infections of the inner thigh and inguinal creases. Tinea pedis is the term for fungal infections of the foot. Click again to see term 👆. Tap again to see term 👆.

How to diagnose melanoma?

Diagnosis is made by visual inspection and confirmed by a biopsy, but it is not the recommended suggestion. The treatment of melanoma involves a radical excision of the tumor and the adjacent tissues followed by chemotherapy. In some instances, skin grafting may be necessary to replace large areas of defect when a wide excision of the tumor is necessary. Chemotherapy and skin grafting should be done only after the confirmation of skin cancer and as a treatment for skin cancer.

What is the etiology of malignant melanoma?

Ultraviolet rays are strongly suspected as the etiology of malignant melanoma. Fair-skinned, blue-eyed, light-haired people of Celtic or Scandinavian origin are at higher risk for developing malignant melanoma. People who burn and do not tan are at risk for developing malignant melanoma. Elderly individuals who retire to the southwestern United States seem to have a higher incidence of developing malignant melanoma.

How long does it take for Zovirax to work?

Oral acyclovir (Zovirax), when taken within 48 hours of the appearance of symptoms, reduces their severity, and prevents the development of additional lesions. Corticosteroids, analgesics,, and antipyretics are not used for this purpose.

What is the nurse's role in treating sunburn?

The nurse takes this opportunity to discuss the importance of protecting the skin from the sun's damaging rays. Which instruction best prevents skin damage?

Why is hydration important for necrolysis?

Hydrating to prevent renal failure. Preventing infection. The major cause of death from toxic epidermal necrolysis is from sepsis. Monitoring vital signs closely and noticing changes in respiratory, kidney, and gastrointestinal function may help the nurse to quickly detect the beginning of an infection.

How long before UVA exposure to apply Psoralens gel?

A few patients may be treated with topical PUVA — a psoralens lotion or gel is applied to the affected areas 10 minutes before UVA exposure.

How long does PUVA last?

PUVA usually leads to tanning which lasts several months. Although the skin appears brown it may still burn easily on sun exposure. Tanning from UVA is not as protective as tanning from combined wavelengths occurring in natural sunlight.

What is a puva?

PUVA or photochemotherapy is a type of ultraviolet radiation treatment ( phototherapy) used for severe skin diseases . PUVA is a combination treatment which consists of Psoralens (P) and then exposing the skin to UVA (long wave ultraviolet radiation). It has been available in its present form since 1976.

How long does it take for psoriasis to clear?

Most psoriasis patients will have their psoriasis cleared or much improved after 12 to 24 treatments. At this stage, treatments may be reduced to once a week or less. Even without treatment, the skin may remain clear for some months. However, psoriasis may later flare up again, and PUVA may be recommenced.

How often is puva given?

For this form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, PUVA is usually given twice a week at first, using shorter exposures than for psoriasis. When the skin is clear, treatment is given less frequently. If PUVA is stopped, mycosis fungoides sometimes relapses.

What is puva used for?

PUVA may be used to treat various skin disorders, including:

How long does it take for a sunburn to occur after taking PUVA?

It is more likely in fair-skinned patients who sunburn easily. A burn is most likely 48–72 hours after the first two or three treatments.

What is a photochemotherapy treatment?

Introduction. Photochemotherapy broadly refers to a treatment method that uses a photosensitizing compound and ultraviolet radiation. Psoralen-UV-A (PUVA) therapy more specifically involves use of either an oral or a topical psoralen followed by exposure to long-wave UV-A radiation (320–400 nm).

What is the treatment for psoriasis?

Photochemotherapy, which consists of oral (and sometimes topical) administration of psoralens (the furocoumarins 5-methoxypsoralen, 8-methoxypsoralen, and trioxysalen) plus long-wave ultraviolet radiation, known as PUVA, is a well-established effective treatment for psoriasis, which has also been used for vitiligo [1 ], mycosis fungoides, alopecia areata, dyshidrotic eczema, atopic dermatitis, and certain other skin diseases. Guidelines for treatment have been recommended [ 2, 3 ].

What is photochemotherapy?

Photochemotherapy involves ex vivo exposure of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells to 8-methoxypsoralen and long-wavelength ultraviolet A light. The cells are subsequently re-infused into the patient. Photo-activation leads to an immune response against pathogenic T-cell clones. This has been used successfully against T-cell lymphomas, and appears to be promising in the treatment of steroid-dependent CD ( Reinisch et al., 2001 ).

What type of light is used in photochemotherapy?

Photochemotherapy involves ex vivo exposure of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells to 8-methoxypsoralen and long-wavelength ultraviolet A light.

What is the best treatment for vitiligo?

Photochemotherapy. Oral PUVA, Methoxsalen + UVA. Oral PUVA phototherapy currently yields the most consistent results in the treatment of vitiligo. Methoxsalen is taken orally one to two hours prior to irradiation. UVA doses begin at 1 J/cm 2 and are increased at each treatment until the depigmented area becomes pink.

How does UVB treatment work?

While these treatments can suppress the pathogenic change and rapidly improve the skin lesions, the heat penetrates into the blood, consumes the blood and Yin, and generates heat-toxin. Once the therapy is finished, the heat quickly arises and the skin lesions appear again, even worse than before the treatment, and the skin becomes more sensitive in general. In herbal treatment, one needs to reduce the heat-toxin, cool the blood, promote blood circulation and nourish the Yin.

What are the short term reactions to melanoma?

Short-term reactions are not uncommon. They include erythema, burns, nausea, pruritus, headache, and dizziness. Hypersensitivity reactions, which are uncommon, include drug fever, skin rashes, and bronchial asthma. Long-term treatment increases the risk of non-melanoma skin cancers and possibly of cutaneous melanoma.

What is psoriasis dermatosis?

Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from an overproduction of keratin.

What is the cause of chickenpox infection?

the infection results from reactivation of the chickenpox virus.

Can a lice jump?

Lice can jump from one individual to another.

Can nits move hair shafts?

Nits are difficult to move from hair shafts.

What is the best sunscreen for PMLE?

Sun protection - Sun protection is first-line therapy for patients with PMLE and includes sun avoidance, sun protective clothing, and sunscreens. Sunscreens should be broad spectrum, with both UVA and UVB protection. A sunscreen with an SPF (sun protection factor) of at least 30 should be regularly applied. Products containing photostabilized avobenzone or ecamsule (Mexoryl SX) offer improved protection against UVA, and have been effective in preventing PMLE eruptions. Sunscreens that contain the non-micronized form of zinc oxide or titanium dioxide also offer photoprotection that extends throughout the UV and into the visible spectrum. Examples of broad spectrum sunscreens containing photostabilized avobenzone or ecamsule, or zinc oxide and titanium oxide are provided.

What is the treatment for urticaria?

Dermatographic urticaria can be treated by anti-histamines, which may need to be given as a combination of H1 antagonists, or possibly with an H2-receptor antagonist such as cimetidine. Therapies may also include immunosuppressive agents and steroids. There is a lack of evidence regarding the clinical value of narrow-band UVB phototherapy in the treatment of this condition.

When to give PUVA?

Phototherapy - Prophylactic phototherapy with low dose PUVA (psoralens plus UVA) or UVB in early spring to induce tolerance to sun exposure may be an option for patients who are expected to develop significant symptoms during the spring or summer. Treatments are usually given 2 to 3 times per week over 5 to 6 weeks.

What is PMH skin?

Montero et al (2011) stated that PMH is an acquired disorder of skin pigmentation, which is mostly under-diagnosed. It is characterized by nummular hypo-pigmented lesions appearing on the trunk in young persons. Several treatment options are available, although topical clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide have been used traditionally. However, good results have recently been achieved using NB-UVB phototherapy. These researchers presented the case of a 13-year old girl with hypo-pigmented lesions on the trunk and limbs that had progressed over 1 year and that were diagnosed as PMH. The patient was initially treated with topical clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide. However, little improvement was seen and treatment was then started with NB-UVB phototherapy. After 25 sessions, with a total cumulative dose of 18 J/cm(2), the patient showed almost total re-pigmentation of the lesions. The treatment of PMH is often difficult, and very little is currently known about the treatment response in this disorder, as most reports have very small series of patients with a short disease progression time. The authors concluded that NB-UVB phototherapy has been shown to be effective, as seen in this patient, although in many cases, there is recurrence after the cessation of treatment.

Is UVB treatment necessary for psoriasis?

Aetna considers home phototherapy (UVB) treatment medically necessary DME for persons with severe psoriasis with a history of frequent flares who are unable to attend on-site therapy or those needing to initiate therapy immediately to suppress psoriasis flares. Aetna considers home phototherapy (UVB) medically necessary for persons with atopic dermatitis (eczema) who are unable to attend on-site therapy. Home ultraviolet light booths or ultraviolet lamps, as well as replacement bulbs sold by prescription only, are considered medically necessary for persons eligible for home UVB phototherapy.

What is the management of PLE?

Fesq and colleagues (2003) stated that management of PLE should focus on basic preventative measures and additional therapeutic approaches, depending on the clinical condition. Polymorphous light eruption can be classified into 4 severity groups:

Is PUVA considered experimental?

Note: Home PUVA treatment is considered experimental and investigational because of insufficient evidence of its safety and effectiveness.

What is psoriasis dermatosis?

Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from a superficial infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Psoriasis comes from dermal abrasion. Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from an overproduction of keratin. Psoriasis results from excess deposition of subcutaneous fat. c.

What does 20/200 vision mean?

When the patient tells the nurse that his vision is 20/200, and asks what that means, the nurse informs the patient that a person with 20/200 vision: Sees an object from 200 feet away that a person with normal vision sees from 20 feet away.

How to use gloves for dermatitis?

Use gloves with application. Only use with contact dermatitis. Apply a thick layer to assure coverage. Use with over-the-counter drying agents .

What is pearly white substance?

Pearly white substance that is attached to the hair shaft that is not removed with brushing Sparse hair, white in color Dry, brittle hair Knots in hair when brushed . a. A patient dropped a heavy flower pot on his foot. He broke his big toe and damaged the keratin layer on his toenail, which fell off weeks later.

How long does it take for scabies to go away?

Wear clean clothing. Avoid contact with others who have scabies. Expect itching to continue for 2 to 3 weeks after the treatment. Have a thorough bath.

What is the scar on the right shoulder?

The scar is hypertrophied, elevated, and irregular without any redness or irritation . The patient states, "I had shoulder surgery about 5 years ago.".

Where are nits located?

Nits are located near the scalp. Dandruff is throughout the hair. Nits are difficult to move from hair shafts. Dandruff looks white and flakey.

What is UVB treatment?

Ultraviolet treatments are given with different wavelengths, depending on the condition and response to treatment. Broad band UVB (290-320nm), narrow band 311-nm UVB, PUVA (psoralen with UVA 320-400nm) and UVA1 (340 to 400nm) are available. Ultraviolet wavelengths cause erythema, desquamation, and pigmentation and may cause a temporary suppression of basal cell mitosis followed by a rebound increase in cell turnover. Both forms of UVB and PUVA are used for psoriasis and vitiligo, but other conditions such as nummular and atopic dermatitis, pruritus due to uremia, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma are treated with this therapy. High-dose UVA-1 is used to treat atopic dermatitis, localized scleroderma, and mastocytosis. Common minor toxicities associated with PUVA include erythema, pruritus, irregular pigmentation and gastrointestinal tract symptoms; these generally can be managed by altering the dose of psoralen or UV light. Potential long-term effects include photoaging and skin cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and possibly malignant melanoma. The risk of skin cancer has been found to be related to the lifetime cumulative exposure to oral PUVA and may be higher in people with lighter skin types. For example, one study found that patients treated with at least 337 PUVA treatments had at least a 100-fold increase in risk of SCC compared to general population incidence rates. In addition, the risk of malignancy was nearly three times higher in individuals with Fitzpatrick skin Types I and II, compared to those with Types III and IV. Thus, an attempt is made to reduce the total exposure, especially in lighter skin types, such as limiting the number of treatments and/or avoiding maintenance treatment. There is also a concern from animal studies about a potential risk of cataract development and eye protection is recommended.

What is the difference between phototherapy and photochemotherapy?

In contrast, photochemotherapy or psoralens in conjunction with ultraviolet A (PUVA), is the therapeutic use of radiation in combination with a photosensitizing chemical. Treatment with these modalities may involve partial or whole-body exposure.

Is PUVA safe for psoriasis?

However, PUVA for severe treatment-resistant psoriasis is well-accepted and is recommended by the American Academy of Dermatology. There is a lack of evidence that home-based PUVA for treating psoriasis is as safe or effective as office-based treatment.