COERCED TREATMENT FOR SUBSTANCE OFFENDERS The logic for coerced treatment is that substance abusers have limited internal motivation and consequently need to be externally motivated to enter treatment in order to change their behaviors. Expected change includes reduced arrests, reduced crime, and no drug use.
Full Answer
Is coercive treatment effective?
If the targeted outcomes of coerced treatment involve stable recovery from addiction and the alleviation of burden to public health and safety, rather than social control or punishment, then effectiveness has arguably not been adequately demonstrated to date. The way forward
Is coerced addiction treatment inevitable?
The very nature of addiction makes some forms of coercion inevitable; as long as some people experience denial and resistance about their substance use problems, they will be pressured into treatment. Coerced treatment is a fiercely debated topic in addiction.
What is coercion in addiction treatment?
The term coercion is reserved to describe situations in which clients perceive a lack of control over the decision to enter treatment. In other words, coerced treatment refers to that which is perceived as an imposition and an infringement on autonomy, regardless of the agent or source.
Is coercion an effective early case-finding strategy for addiction treatment?
This forms the basis of suggestions that coercion is an effective early case-finding strategy, bringing people into treatment before their addiction and other health and social problems become severe [99,100].
What are the four stages of treatment?
Various models exist describing the overall phases of treatment, but most have elements in common. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) describes four stages of treatment: initiation, early abstinence, maintenance of abstinence, and advanced recovery.
What are the five stages of treatment?
Stage-Matched Care. Developed from the Trans-theoretical Model of Change1, the Stage of Change model includes five stages: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.
Does coercive treatment work?
A 2015 structured review of the most rigorous studies found that coerced treatment was generally no better than treatment as usual. Critics of coercion have interpreted these results to say that we don't know whether coerced treatment has any effect—or whether it works at all.
Which of the following is the correct sequence for stages of change?
The five stages of change are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.
What is the first step of treatment?
In the early stage of treatment, clients may be in the precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, or early action stage of change, depending on the nature of the group. Regardless of their stage in early recovery, clients tend to be ambivalent about ending substance use.
What are the 5 stages of drug dependence?
Stages of AddictionFirst Use. The first step to addiction is trying the substance. ... Regular Use. As people become regular users, they begin to display a pattern. ... Risky Use. As use deepens, people may begin to exhibit dangerous behavior, such as driving while drunk or high. ... Dependence. ... Substance Use Disorder.
What is coercive treatment?
Coercive treatment comprises compulsory admission of patients as well as coercive treatment measures. Both are sometimes inevitable elements of psychiatric care, with the aim to prevent danger from patients and other persons. The stigma of mental illness is still one of the most challenging treatment obstacles.
Does treatment need to be voluntary to be effective?
Treatment does not need to be voluntary to be effective: Strong motivation can facilitate the treatment process. Sanctions or enticements in the family, employment setting, or criminal justice system can increase significantly both treatment entry and retention rates and the success of drug treatment.
Does Michigan have Casey's Law?
Casey's Law is currently in Kentucky and Ohio. We believe its needed in every State to help our loved ones. Charlotte Wethington wishes to get this passed at the federal level and she needs your help.
What are the 3 models of behavior change?
The most-often used theories of health behavior are Social Cognitive Theory, The Transtheoretical Model/Stages of Change, the Health Belief Model, and the Theory of Planned Behavior. The most-often mentioned theoretical model that has not been fully applied in research and practice is the Social Ecological Model.
What are the 6 stages of change?
The TTM posits that individuals move through six stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination.
What are the 6 stages of recovery?
Six Stages of Addiction RecoveryPre-Contemplation. While many individuals may be reluctant to accept the problem at first, it reaches a point where they admit their mistakes after facing the harsh consequences of long-term addiction. ... Contemplation of Addiction Recovery. ... Preparation. ... The Action. ... Maintenance. ... Termination.
What is coerced treatment?
Coerced treatment is considered within the context of the relationship between drugs and crime that has been well documented. For example, since the mid-1970s, both the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute of Justice have supported projects to understand the drug-crime connection, with findings that suggest that drug use enhances criminal careers. In fact, a survey of inmates in state and federal correctional facilities indicates that 83 percent of state prisoners reported previous drug use and 57 percent reported using a drug in the month before their offense (BJS, 1998). The Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) system, renamed ADAM (Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring Program) has consistently reported that 51 to 83 percent of male arrestees in major urban cities test positive for drugs (ADAM Annual Report, 1998). In fact, two-thirds of prisoners are drug abusers whereas over 60 percent of persons who come into contact with jails and lock-ups use a drug other than alcohol at the time of arrest (ONDCP, 1995).
Can substance abuse be relapsing?
It is easy to forget that drug abuse can be chronic and relapsing. Without proper follow-up and treatment, substance abusers often return to drug use. It is no secret that recovery is a difficult process that is not completely understood, with or without coerced treatment. Intervention and treatment efforts need to focus on those factors that keep individuals drug free. These options can range from urine testing to methadone treatment. Nevertheless, many people believe that substance-abuse treatment does not work. They cite professional and/or personal experiences about individuals who immediately return to drug use during treatment and/or supervision. However, after discussion it becomes clear that the proper blend of treatment combined with follow-up supervision, relapse prevention, and self-help groups like Alcoholics Anonymous was not used, and/or attendance was minimal.
What is informal coercion?
Formal, legal coercion gets more attention, but informal coercion is far more common—such as when friends, family, or employers make someone choose between seeking treatment and losing a relationship or a job. Advertisement. Advertisement.
Why are new laws counterproductive?
As other commentators have noted, on a policy level, these new laws are counterproductive because they would shunt crucial resources away from more effective measures, such as expanding our network of traditional treatments for those seeking help.
Is coerced treatment harmful?
programs have spoken out against compulsory treatment, calling it harmful, but the National Institute of Drug Abuse asserts that treatment need not be voluntary to be effective.
Is coercion better than treatment?
A 2015 structured review of the most rigorous studies found that coerced treatment was generally no better than treatment as usual.
Is informal coercion a threat?
People can use informal coercion in a way that still preserves a sense of choice and agency—in which coercion isn’t a threat but simply a hard choice. Most people believe that kind of informal pressure to be wishy-washy, but there is good evidence to suggest it is more effective than stricter policies.
Is mandated treatment more complicated than a medication?
But mandated treatment is far more complicated than the binary presence or absence of a medication. For example, research shows that the presence of a legal mandate simply isn’t a reliable proxy for an individual’s perception of coercion.
Is coercion inevitable in addiction?
The very nature of addiction makes some forms of coercion inevitable; as long as some people experience denial and resistance about their substance use problems, they will be pressured into treatment. Coerced treatment is a fiercely debated topic in addiction.
The Drug-Crime Relationship
Control Versus Treatment
Controversies
- Coerced treatment and the use of court authority within the criminal justice system have not been without controversy, particularly since many community drug treatment providers believe that substance abusers should enter treatment voluntarily. As one early example of this controversy, Robert L. DuPont as Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, when addressing the Feder…
Community Substance-Abuse Treatment
- Drug abusersin community treatment are involved with community corrections. They are frequently on diversion, probation, parole, or mandatory release. Early data from the Client Oriented Data Acquisition Process (CODAP) indicates that 17 percent of clients who entered drug-abuse treatment were on probation, parole, or mandatory release. By 1982, CODAP reported an i…
Coerced Treatment Outcomes
- Drug treatment provided through the criminal justice system has had successes. As a result, coerced drug treatment, for example, has been separated into categories, including Civil Commitment (supervision of parolees with urine testing), Criminal Justice Authority (community corrections), urine testing, offender community treatment services (commun...
Drug Courts
- The current interest in drug courts developed in response to the overlap between substance abuse and crime in order to provide treatment for defendants. The interest in drug courts increased recently with the expanded number of courts that grew to 275 jurisdictions in 1998 from the first drug court in Dade County, Florida, in 1989 (Belenko, 1998). The benefits of drug c…
Chronic and Relapsing Nature of Substance Abuse
- It is easy to forget that drug abuse can be chronic and relapsing. Without proper follow-up and treatment, substance abusers often return to drug use. It is no secret that recovery is a difficult process that is not completely understood, with or without coerced treatment. Intervention and treatment efforts need to focus on those factors that keep individuals drug free. These options c…