Complications in the diabetic patient that can occur during and after dental treatment include hypoglycemia, coma, or infection and delayed healing. In patients with controlled diabetes, no special treatment is required for routine dentistry including prophylaxis and dental restorative care.
What medical conditions can affect dental care?
Abstract. Certain medical conditions and their accompanying drug treatment do have an impact upon oral structures and the delivery of dental care. Recent evidence suggests that oral health could be a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease. Many medical conditions can affect dental care are often over-stated and lack an evidence base.
Is it necessary to treat patients with cardiovascular disease in dentistry?
Aug 23, 2020 · 5-10% cases occur due to dental treatment but it get reduced after penicillin era. Identification of patient at risk. Thorough medical and dental history. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment should be available. Planned Preventive Dental Care30. Meticulous preventive oral health care should be taken to keep periodontal infection at the lowest level.
What is the sequential treatment plan for hypertensive patients in dentistry?
Purpose: The age of the patients, the presence of one or more chronic disorders and the patients' drug regimens can influence dental treatment and oral health. This is a prospective, descriptive study to identify subjects with compromised health who received dental treatment between November 2010 and June 2011 at private dental practices run by graduates of the Portuguese …
How to take care of a dental implant patient?
Medically Compromised Patients. Regular dental care is not always routine for some patients. Our specialized dental practitioners often provide oral health care to patients with: Heart conditions. Organ transplants. Immuno-compromised health issues. Cancer, who are undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatments.
What is considered medically compromised?
Being medically compromised doesn't mean dental and surgical care is out of the question. It simply means that we should provide special care and consideration when providing treatment. The idea is to not exacerbate an existing condition but to safely work within its limitations and still provide effective treatment.
What diseases can you get from the dentist?
In addition to the bloodborne pathogens (BBPs) — human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) — other viruses of concern in the dental office include rubella, mumps and measles viruses; the herpes viruses (herpes simplex virus [HSV] types 1 and 2, varicella-zoster, Epstein-Barr virus [ ...
What is a systemic condition in a dental office?
Impact of oral diseases on general health and quality of life. Oral health means much more than beautiful teeth. It means freedom from chronic oral-facial pain, oral. and throat cancers, oral soft tissue lesions, birth defects such as cleft lip and palate, and other diseases.
What are the most common dental treatments?
10 Most Common Dental Procedures and How They Work1 – Teeth Cleanings. This is by far the most common reason people visit the dentist. ... 2 – Teeth Whitening. Like cleaning, whitening is a relatively discomfort-less process. ... 3 – Extractions. ... 4 – Veneers. ... 5 – Fillings. ... 6 – Crowns. ... 7 – Root Canal. ... 8 – Braces/Invisalign.More items...
Which viral diseases is a concern in dentistry?
In dentistry, the diseases we are most concerned about are those caused by bloodborne pathogens (BBP). Examples are hepatitis B and C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Transmission may occur from a patient to a dental health care provider (DHCP), from a DHCP to a patient, or from one patient to another patient.
What is risk of infection transmission in dental offices?
Infections may be transmitted in dental practice by blood or saliva through direct contact, droplets, or aerosols. Although not documented, indirect contact transmission of infection by contaminated instruments is possible.
What are some systemic conditions?
Systemic means affecting the entire body, rather than a single organ or body part. For example, systemic disorders, such as high blood pressure, or systemic diseases, such as the flu, affect the entire body. An infection that is in the bloodstream is called a systemic infection.Jan 16, 2021
What are examples of systemic diseases?
Systemic DiseaseSarcoidosis.Neoplasm.Serositis.Metastatic Carcinoma.Lesion.Protein.Rheumatoid Arthritis.Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
What are the systemic diseases that may be related to oral diseases?
Recently, it has been recognized that oral infection, especially periodontitis, may affect the course and pathogenesis of a number of systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, bacterial pneumonia, diabetes mellitus, and low birth weight.
What are the different types of dental treatments?
Dental treatmentsBridges. A bridge is a fixed replacement for a missing tooth or teeth. ... Crowns. A crown is a type of cap that completely covers a real tooth. ... Fillings. Fillings are used to repair a hole in a tooth caused by decay. ... Root canal treatment. ... Scale and polish. ... Braces. ... Wisdom tooth removal. ... Dental implants.More items...
What treatments do dentists provide?
Treatments and proceduresDentures. People wear dentures, plastic or metal, to replace lost or missing teeth so they can enjoy a healthy diet and smile with confidence. ... Bridges and partial dentures. ... Cosmetic treatment. ... Cracked teeth. ... Crowns. ... Different filling materials. ... Implants. ... Orthodontic treatment.More items...
What is oral and dental health?
Oral health refers to the health of the teeth, gums, and the entire oral-facial system that allows us to smile, speak, and chew. Some of the most common diseases that impact our oral health include cavities (tooth decay), gum (periodontal) disease, and oral cancer.
What do dentists need to know before treating exodontia?
Before initiating treatment, the dental surgeon must know both the physical and emotional status of the patient as this information is important not only for hospitalised and medically compromised patients with complex problems but also for apparently healthy patients undergoing simple exodontia with local anesthesia. 1 For patients with a serious medical illness, who may have a poor understanding of their problems, obtaining a list of medications being taken is often very helpful. Consultation by the patient's physician forms an integral part of the evaluation. 2 Before initiation of any dental treatment most common questions to be asked are:
How to protect a patient during a seizure?
Protect the patient during the clonic phase of the seizure (generalised muscle contractions). Gently hold the patient’s arms and legs. Movement of the limbs should be permitted but within limits so as to prevent injury. Do not totally restrict movement as this may cause injury to the patient.
Why do you need a rubber dam?
A rubber dam should be used to prevent laceration of soft tissues by the cutting instruments. Saliva ejectors and high speed suction can injure the mucosa in the floor of the mouth and cause hematoma or ecchymosis; thus, they should be used carefully. Endodontic therapy is preferred over extraction whenever possible in these patients because it does not usually pose any significant risk of bleeding and can be performed routinely. Endodontic surgical procedures may require factor replacement therapy. 1, 4
What is the management of hyperglycemia?
Hyperglycemia. Though the overall management consists of administration of insulin, dental office management will be supportive. If conscious, Terminate dental therapy and immediate Medical consultation is required. If unconscious, Basic life support, Medical consultation and IV infusion of normal saline.
What is the risk of nerve block?
Nerve-block anesthetic injections are contraindicated unless no better alternative and prophylaxis is provided, as the anesthetic solution is deposited in a highly vascularized area, which carries a risk of hematoma formation. 11, 12 The commonly used blocks require minimum clotting factor levels of 20% to 30%. 4 Gross swelling, pain, dysphasia, respiratory obstruction and risk of death from asphyxia results due to extravasation of blood in the oropharyngeal area by an inferior alveolar block or in the pterygoid plexus. 13, 14 An anesthetic with a vasoconstrictor should be used when possible. Alternative techniques including sedation with diazepam or nitrous oxide-oxygen analgesia, can be employed to reduce or eliminate the need for anesthesia. Patients should be treated under general anesthesia in a hospital operating room when extensive treatment requiring factor replacement is needed. 4
Which nephrotoxic drugs are safe?
Nephrotoxic drugs - tetracycline, cephaloridine,phenylbutazone, aminoglycosides. Lignocaine, diazepam and opioids metabolised in liver, hence safer. Doses of penicillin other than phenoxymethyl penicillin and flucloxacillin, metronidazole and cephaloridine should be reduced since they may be toxic to CNS.
Can benzodiazepines cause respiratory failure?
Sedatives are better avoided as in an acute asthmatic attack, even benzodiazepines can precipitate respiratory failure. 25 General anesthesia may be complicated by hypoxia and hypercarbia, which can cause pulmonary edema even if cardiac function is normal and cause cardiac failure if there is cardiac disease.
Medically Compromised Patients
Regular dental care is not always routine for some patients. Our specialized dental practitioners often provide oral health care to patients with:
What kind of dental care will I receive?
We provide patients with serious health care issues routine dental care; however, we work with your physician (s) to ensure our work aids your treatment and recovery. We will probably recommend you have cleanings and checkups more often to maintain the health of your mouth and teeth.
Are you a patient at The Johns Hopkins Hospital?
As a Johns Hopkins patient, we offer you the convenience to schedule your physician and dental appointments on the same day.
What happens if you have hypertension before you start dental treatment?
Patients with hypertension are at increased risk of developing adverse effects in a dental office.
What does a dentist need to inform the physician?
Dentist must inform the physician regarding the estimated degree of stress, length of procedures, and complexity of the individualized treatment plan. Following are the stages in management of hypertensive patients undergoing dental treatment.
What is cardiovascular disease?
1. Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) comprise of a group of diseases of the heart and vascular system affecting majority of individuals worldwide. Ischemic heart disease, Hypertension, Dysrhythmias, and Infective Endocarditis are some of the cardiovascular conditions most commonly seen among the population.
What should be included in an initial evaluation of a patient with hypertension?
Initial evaluation of each patient with hypertension should include detailed family history of cardiovascular disease, history of hypertension, medications, duration and antihypertensive treatment history, severity of disease, and its complications.
Why is it important to treat cardiovascular disease?
1) Important goal of treatment to manage patients with cardiovascular diseases is to deal with all the identified risk factors involved. 2) Pre-medication should be considered to alleviate anxiety and effective analgesia is important to reduce stress. 3)
What are the measures used to control bleeding in anticoagulant patients?
Patients on anticoagulant therapy should be delicately handled in a dental setup. This may involve use of local hemostatic measures to control bleeding in anticoagulated patients. These include atraumatic surgical technique, adequate wound closure, pressure application, and topical clotting agents.
Why does my throat hurt when I have angina?
The dental environment increases the likelihood of an angina attack because of fear, anxiety, and pain.
What is the safest medication for end stage renal disease?
Analgesics: Aspirin, NSAIDs and acetaminophen (with or without narcotics) are most commonly prescribed. Acetaminophen-containing drugs are generally considered the safest option for patients taking anticoagulants and for patients with end-stage-renal-disease.
What sedatives are used for preoperative anxiolytics?
Patients who are premedicated with any oral sedatives such as diazepam (valium), alprazolam (xanax), or lorazapam (ativan), should be escorted to and from the appointment.
Who is Denise Foran?
As with most things endodontic, the details make the difference! Dr. Denise Foran, an ABE Diplomate, is director of the post-graduate program in endodontics for the VA New York Harbor Healthcare System. She can be reached at (212) 686-7500 or [email protected].
Can nitroglycerin cause hypotension?
For example, a male patient may not disclose that he uses Viagra or other ED medications. Administering nitroglycerin to this patient can lead to a severe hypotensive episode.
Can you use fluoroquinolones for advanced disease?
Recently, fluoroquinolones have been singled out for their side effects and thus are not recommended to be used except for advanced disease.
Does dental anxiety cause syncope?
We know that dental anxiety alone can result in increased blood pressure, syncope, irritability and diaphoresis. However, underlying medical conditions such as hypertension, diabetes and thyroid abnormalities, to list a few, may also be associated with the same manifestations.
Can epinephrine cause cardiac arrhythmia?
Epinephrine may also induce a cardiac arrhythmia in patients taking cardiac glycosides such as digitalis. The use of epinephrine in patients with suspected hyperthyroidism is generally contraindicated. With recreational drug use on the rise, epinephrine should not be used if a patient has used cocaine recently.